Brian Kress
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View article: Turnover in Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux
Turnover in Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux Open
The NOAA POES satellites orbit through the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) allowing access to the trapped inner belt high energy proton population. A previous study found a long‐term increase in proton flux averaged over the 11‐year solar cyc…
View article: Solar Wind and Magnetospheric Conditions for Satellite Anomalies Attributed to Shallow Internal Charging
Solar Wind and Magnetospheric Conditions for Satellite Anomalies Attributed to Shallow Internal Charging Open
Satellite charging in Earth's magnetospheric plasma and radiation belts frequently causes operational anomalies. A recent study of a frequent Space Wire anomaly on GOES linked it to shallow internal charging by 100–300 keV electrons. Solar…
View article: The Impact of the 8–10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes
The Impact of the 8–10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes Open
The Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) instrument on the Van Allen Probes observed a double‐peaked inner zone proton population throughout the 7 year lifetime of the mission. M. Hudson et al. (2023) showed that a strong SEP even…
View article: Relationship Between GOES-R Series Spacecraft Operational Anomalies and In Situ 30 eV–3-MeV Electron Measurements
Relationship Between GOES-R Series Spacecraft Operational Anomalies and In Situ 30 eV–3-MeV Electron Measurements Open
The first two of NOAA’s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R series spacecraft, GOES-16, and GOES-17, were launched in November 2016 and March 2018, respectively. Space weather instruments on board GOES-R Series space…
View article: Predicting GOES Electron Fluxes With Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (CIMI) Model for Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms
Predicting GOES Electron Fluxes With Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (CIMI) Model for Different Types of Geomagnetic Storms Open
The Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere (CIMI) model has proved to be an effective tool to understand dynamics of charged particles in the Earth's inner magnetosphere. The CIMI model can predict fluxes of radiation belt electrons,…
View article: The effects of particle injections on the ring current development during the 7-8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm
The effects of particle injections on the ring current development during the 7-8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm Open
In this study we investigate the role of particle injections on the ring current development during the 7-8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm by applying a temporally and spatially varying data-driven outer boundary condition in numerical s…
View article: GOES observations of solar protons during ground level enhancements
GOES observations of solar protons during ground level enhancements Open
Since 1974, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has observed solar proton fluxes from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). These observations frequently have served as measurements of t…
View article: Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8–10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes
Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8–10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes Open
Solar energetic protons (SEPs) have been shown to contribute significantly to the inner zone trapped proton population for energies 1.3 (Selesnick et al., 2007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006sw000275 ). The Relativistic Electron Proton Tele…
View article: Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8-10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes
Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8-10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes Open
Solar Energetic Protons (SEPs) have been shown to contribute significantly to the inner zone trapped proton population for energies < 100 MeV and L > 1.3 (Selesnick et al., 2007). The Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) on the Va…
View article: Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8-10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes
Simulated Trapping of Solar Energetic Protons for the 8-10 March 2012 Geomagnetic Storm: Impact on Inner Zone Protons as Measured by Van Allen Probes Open
Solar Energetic Protons (SEPs) have been shown to contribute significantly to the inner zone trapped proton population for energies < 100 MeV and L > 1.3 (Selesnick et al., 2007). The Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) on the Va…
View article: Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux
Gleissberg Cycle Dependence of Inner Zone Proton Flux Open
Inner zone proton flux from 1980 to mid‐2021 is examined using NOAA POES satellite data, indicating a long‐term increase corresponding to a one hundred year minimum in solar activity consistent with the Centennial Gleissberg Cycle. Variati…
View article: ULF Wave Modeling, Effects, and Applications: Accomplishments, Recent Advances, and Future
ULF Wave Modeling, Effects, and Applications: Accomplishments, Recent Advances, and Future Open
Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves play important roles in magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, ring current and radiation belt dynamics, and modulation of higher frequency wave modes and energetic particle precipitation. The “ULF wave modeling…
View article: Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1
Multi‐Year Statistics of LEO Energetic Electrons as Observed by the Korean NextSat‐1 Open
Monitoring the Earth's radiation belt by Low‐Earth‐Orbit (LEO) satellites has a long history and complemented observations near the high‐altitude equatorial plane. However, most of the previous LEO missions suffered from limitations in ene…
View article: Observations From NOAA's Newest Solar Proton Sensor
Observations From NOAA's Newest Solar Proton Sensor Open
Space weather instrumentation on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) newest Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)‐R series includes the Solar and Galactic Proton Sensor (SGPS), which has …
View article: Solar Energetic Proton Access to the Inner Magnetosphere During the September 7–8, 2017 Event
Solar Energetic Proton Access to the Inner Magnetosphere During the September 7–8, 2017 Event Open
The access of solar energetic protons into the inner magnetosphere on September 7–8, 2017 is investigated by following reversed proton trajectories to compute the proton cutoff energy using the Dartmouth geomagnetic cutoff code (Kress et a…
View article: The Role of Substorm Injections on the Extreme Geo-Effectiveness Observed in the Inner Magnetosphere on the 8 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm
The Role of Substorm Injections on the Extreme Geo-Effectiveness Observed in the Inner Magnetosphere on the 8 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm Open
Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]The Role of Substorm Injections on the Extreme Geo-Effectiveness Observed in the Inner Magnetosphere on the 8 September 2017 Geomagneti…
View article: Solar Energetic Proton Access to the Near‐Equatorial Inner Magnetosphere
Solar Energetic Proton Access to the Near‐Equatorial Inner Magnetosphere Open
In this study we examine the ability of protons of solar origin to access the near‐equatorial inner magnetosphere. Here we examine four distinct solar proton events from 20–200 MeV, concurrent with both quiet time and storm time conditions…
View article: Energetic Solar Particle Access to the Near-Equatorial Inner Magnetosphere
Energetic Solar Particle Access to the Near-Equatorial Inner Magnetosphere Open
<p>Solar proton events are comprised of energetic protons of solar and interplanetary origin. Such energetic particles are able to access the magnetosphere at various locations according to their cutoff rigidity. The specific propert…
View article: Development of a Bowtie Inversion Technique for Real‐Time Processing of the GOES‐16/‐17 SEISS MPS‐HI Electron Channels
Development of a Bowtie Inversion Technique for Real‐Time Processing of the GOES‐16/‐17 SEISS MPS‐HI Electron Channels Open
The Space Environment In‐Situ Suite on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)‐R series of satellites includes a new instrument for measuring radiation belt electrons and protons, the Magnetospheric Particle Sensor–Hig…
View article: Comparison of Van Allen Probes Energetic Electron Data With Corresponding GOES‐15 Measurements: 2012–2018
Comparison of Van Allen Probes Energetic Electron Data With Corresponding GOES‐15 Measurements: 2012–2018 Open
Electron fluxes (especially at energies E > 0.8 and 2 MeV) have been measured for many years by sensors on board the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). These long‐term data (nominally at L ~ 6.6) have become a mainst…
View article: Investigation of Solar Proton Access Into the Inner Magnetosphere on 11 September 2017
Investigation of Solar Proton Access Into the Inner Magnetosphere on 11 September 2017 Open
In this study, access of solar energetic protons to the inner magnetosphere on 11 September 2017 is investigated by computing the reverse particle trajectories with the Dartmouth geomagnetic cutoff code (Kress et al., 2010). The maximum an…
View article: Simulated Prompt Acceleration of Multi‐MeV Electrons by the 17 March 2015 Interplanetary Shock
Simulated Prompt Acceleration of Multi‐MeV Electrons by the 17 March 2015 Interplanetary Shock Open
Prompt enhancement of relativistic electron flux at L = 3–5 has been reported from Van Allen Probes Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) measurements associated with the 17 March 2015 interplanetary shock compression of the daysid…
View article: Comparison of Van Allen Probes radiation belt proton data with test particle simulation for the 17 March 2015 storm
Comparison of Van Allen Probes radiation belt proton data with test particle simulation for the 17 March 2015 storm Open
The loss of protons in the outer part of the inner radiation belt ( L = 2 to 3) during the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm was investigated using test particle simulations that follow full Lorentz trajectories with both magnetic and electr…
View article: BARREL observations of a solar energetic electron and solar energetic proton event
BARREL observations of a solar energetic electron and solar energetic proton event Open
During the second Balloon Array for Radiation Belt Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL) campaign two solar energetic proton (SEP) events were observed. Although BARREL was designed to observe X‐rays created during electron precipitation e…
View article: Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons
Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons Open
Radiation belt protons in the kinetic energy range 24 to 76 MeV are being measured by the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope on each of the two Van Allen Probes. Data have been processed for the purpose of studying variability in the t…