Brian Litt
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View article: White matter signals reflect information transmission between brain regions during seizures
White matter signals reflect information transmission between brain regions during seizures Open
The white matter of the brain is a dynamic and active tissue that coordinates brain function through the transmission and modulation of information between regions via action potentials. Although scientific and clinical interest in studyin…
View article: Pennsieve: A Collaborative Platform for Translational Neuroscience and Beyond
Pennsieve: A Collaborative Platform for Translational Neuroscience and Beyond Open
The exponential growth of neuroscientific data necessitates platforms for data management and multidisciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we introduce Pennsieve, an open-source, cloud-based scientific data management platform that supp…
View article: The Seizure Embedding Map: A Spatio-Temporal Transformer for Comparing Patients by Ictal Intracranial EEG Features at Scale
The Seizure Embedding Map: A Spatio-Temporal Transformer for Comparing Patients by Ictal Intracranial EEG Features at Scale Open
Objective Planning invasive treatment for medication-resistant epilepsy relies on qualitatively interpreting seizure recordings from intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings. Clinicians recommend treatment by mapping seizure onset patterns and l…
View article: Normative intracranial EEG highlights epileptic abnormalities across wakefulness and sleep
Normative intracranial EEG highlights epileptic abnormalities across wakefulness and sleep Open
There is great interest in using quantitative methods to localize epileptic networks from intracranial EEG, a vital part of care for patients with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE). In particular, there is evidence that using interictal data f…
View article: Inter-ictal spike rates are not modulated by anti-seizure medication taper in the epilepsy monitoring unit: a tale of two confounders<sup>*</sup>
Inter-ictal spike rates are not modulated by anti-seizure medication taper in the epilepsy monitoring unit: a tale of two confounders<sup>*</sup> Open
Objective. New implantable and wearable devices hold great promise to help patients manage their seizure disorders. One proposed application is measuring the rate of interictal epileptiform discharges as a biomarker of medication levels an…
View article: Can electrical stimulation replace spontaneous seizures in epilepsy surgery?
Can electrical stimulation replace spontaneous seizures in epilepsy surgery? Open
Seizures are often induced by electrical stimulation (stim seizures) during intracranial EEG (iEEG) evaluation for epilepsy surgery, but their value for localizing seizure generating tissue remains unclear. We compared 441 low-frequency (1…
View article: Dynamic Interplay Between Wake Slow Waves and Epileptiform Discharges in the Epileptogenic Zone
Dynamic Interplay Between Wake Slow Waves and Epileptiform Discharges in the Epileptogenic Zone Open
The temporal proximity of LoWS to a preceding IED in the resected cortex is associated with surgical outcome. This may reflect changes in the regulation of network excitability in the EZ as a form of homeostatic regulation. It raises the p…
View article: Fall Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Fall Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Open
Background Falls are a major source of morbidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD), yet their evolution over time remains unclear. Objectives To compare fall risk and outcomes among PD, prodromal alpha-synucleinopathy, (PAS) and healthy controls…
View article: Comparative effectiveness of anti-seizure medications in emulated trials using medical informatics
Comparative effectiveness of anti-seizure medications in emulated trials using medical informatics Open
Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are often prescribed using a trial-and-error approach with a similar sequence for many patients. Comparative effectiveness data beyond the first ASM prescription are limited. Artificial intelligence can auto…
View article: On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy
On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy Open
Animal models of epilepsy are critical in drug development and therapeutic testing, but dominant methods for pharmaceutical evaluation face a tradeoff between higher throughput and etiological relevance. For example, in temporal lobe epile…
View article: Annotating neurophysiologic data at scale with optimized human input
Annotating neurophysiologic data at scale with optimized human input Open
Objective. Neuroscience experiments and devices are generating unprecedented volumes of data, but analyzing and validating them presents practical challenges, particularly in annotation. While expert annotation remains the gold standard, i…
View article: Mesial‐to‐lateral gradients of epileptiform activity to localize mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Mesial‐to‐lateral gradients of epileptiform activity to localize mesial temporal lobe epilepsy Open
Objective Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a common localization of drug‐resistant epilepsy in adults. Patients often undergo intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring to confirm localization and determine candidacy for focal ablatio…
View article: Zero-Shot Extraction of Seizure Outcomes from Clinical Notes Using Generative Pretrained Transformers
Zero-Shot Extraction of Seizure Outcomes from Clinical Notes Using Generative Pretrained Transformers Open
Emerging evidence has shown that pre-trained encoder transformer models can extract information from unstructured clinic note text but require manual annotation for supervised fine-tuning. Large, Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) mo…
View article: Epileptiform Activity and Seizure Risk Follow Long‐Term Non‐Linear Attractor Dynamics
Epileptiform Activity and Seizure Risk Follow Long‐Term Non‐Linear Attractor Dynamics Open
Many biological systems display circadian and slow multi‐day rhythms, such as hormonal and cardiac cycles. In patients with epilepsy, these cycles also manifest as slow cyclical fluctuations in seizure propensity. However, such fluctuation…
View article: On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy
On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy Open
Animal models of epilepsy are critical in drug development and therapeutic testing, but dominant methods for pharmaceutical evaluation face a tradeoff between higher throughput and etiological relevance. For example, in temporal lobe epile…
View article: On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy
On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy Open
Animal models of epilepsy are critical in drug development and therapeutic testing, but dominant methods for pharmaceutical evaluation face a tradeoff between higher throughput and etiological relevance. For example, in temporal lobe epile…
View article: Zero-shot extraction of seizure outcomes from clinical notes using generative pretrained transformers
Zero-shot extraction of seizure outcomes from clinical notes using generative pretrained transformers Open
Purpose Pre-trained encoder transformer models have extracted information from unstructured clinic note text but require manual annotation for supervised fine-tuning. Large, Generative Pre- trained Transformers (GPTs) may streamline this p…
View article: Mesial-to-lateral patterns of epileptiform activity identify the seizure onset zone in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Mesial-to-lateral patterns of epileptiform activity identify the seizure onset zone in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy Open
Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a common localization of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults. Patients often undergo intracranial EEG (iEEG) monitoring to confirm localization and determine candidacy for focal ablation or resection. …
View article: Quantitative EEG Spectral Features Differentiate Genetic Epilepsies and Predict Neurologic Outcomes
Quantitative EEG Spectral Features Differentiate Genetic Epilepsies and Predict Neurologic Outcomes Open
EEG plays an integral part in the diagnosis and management of children with genetic epilepsies. Nevertheless, how quantitative EEG features differ between genetic epilepsies and neurological outcomes remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed…
View article: Pennsieve: A Collaborative Platform for Translational Neuroscience and Beyond
Pennsieve: A Collaborative Platform for Translational Neuroscience and Beyond Open
The exponential growth of neuroscientific data necessitates platforms that facilitate data management and multidisciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we introduce Pennsieve - an open-source, cloud-based scientific data management platf…
View article: On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy
On-Demand Seizures Facilitate Rapid Screening of Therapeutics for Epilepsy Open
Animal models of epilepsy are critical in drug development and therapeutic testing, but dominant methods for pharmaceutical evaluation face a tradeoff between higher throughput and etiological relevance. For example, in temporal lobe epile…
View article: Epileptiform activity and seizure risk follow long-term non-linear attractor dynamics
Epileptiform activity and seizure risk follow long-term non-linear attractor dynamics Open
Many biological systems display circadian and slow multi-day rhythms, such as hormonal and cardiac cycles. In patients with epilepsy, these cycles also manifest as slow cyclical fluctuations in seizure propensity. However, such fluctuation…
View article: Disparities in seizure outcomes revealed by large language models
Disparities in seizure outcomes revealed by large language models Open
Objective Large-language models (LLMs) can potentially revolutionize health care delivery and research, but risk propagating existing biases or introducing new ones. In epilepsy, social determinants of health are associated with disparitie…
View article: The sixth sense: how much does interictal intracranial EEG add to determining the focality of epileptic networks?
The sixth sense: how much does interictal intracranial EEG add to determining the focality of epileptic networks? Open
Intracranial EEG is used for two main purposes: to determine (i) if epileptic networks are amenable to focal treatment and (ii) where to intervene. Currently, these questions are answered qualitatively and differently across centres. There…
View article: Interictal intracranial EEG asymmetry lateralizes temporal lobe epilepsy
Interictal intracranial EEG asymmetry lateralizes temporal lobe epilepsy Open
Patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy often undergo intracranial EEG recording to capture multiple seizures in order to lateralize the seizure onset zone. This process is associated with morbidity and often ends in postoperat…
View article: Utility of intracranial EEG networks depends on re-referencing and connectivity choice
Utility of intracranial EEG networks depends on re-referencing and connectivity choice Open
Studies of intracranial EEG networks have been used to reveal seizure generators in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Intracranial EEG is implanted to capture the epileptic network, the collection of brain tissue that forms a substrat…
View article: Multi-contrast high-field quality image synthesis for portable low-field MRI using generative adversarial networks and paired data
Multi-contrast high-field quality image synthesis for portable low-field MRI using generative adversarial networks and paired data Open
Introduction Portable low-field strength (64mT) MRI scanners promise to increase access to neuroimaging for clinical and research purposes, however these devices produce lower quality images compared to high-field scanners. In this study, …