Explanipedia

The multi-messenger view of pulsar timing array black holes with the Horizon-AGN simulation Open

H. Quelquejay Leclere, Kunyang Li, Marta Volonteri, S. Babak, Ricarda S. Beckmann , et al. · 2025

We used the hagn cosmological simulation to study the properties of supermassive black hole binaries (MBHBs) with the largest contribution to the gravitational wave background (GWB) signal expected for the pulsar timing array (PTA) band. W…

Brightest group galaxies in COSMOS-Web: Evolution of the size-mass relation since z = 3.7 Open

G. Gozaliasl, Lilan Yang, S. Jeyhan Kartaltepe, Greta Toni, Fatemeh Abedini , et al. · 2025

We present the first comprehensive study of the structural evolution of brightest group galaxies (BGGs) from redshift z ≃ 0.08 to z = 3.7 using the James Webb Space Telescope ’s 255-hour COSMOS-Web program. This survey provides deep NIRCam…

Euclid preparation. Establishing the quality of the 2D reconstruction of the filaments of the cosmic web with DisPerSE using Euclid photometric redshifts Open

Nicola Malavasi, Florian Sarron, Ulrike Kuchner, C. Laigle, Katarina Kraljic , et al. · 2025

Cosmic filaments are prominent structures of the matter distribution of the Universe. Modern detection algorithms are an efficient way to identify filaments in large-scale observational surveys of galaxies. Many of these methods were origi…

Distinguishing dark matter theories with the cosmic web and next-generation surveys Open

Pierre Boldrini, C. Laigle · 2025

In the context of future large surveys similar to the Euclid mission, extracting the cosmic web from galaxies at higher redshifts with more statistical power will become feasible, particularly within the group-cluster mass regime. Therefor…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Galaxy shapes and alignments in the cosmic web Open

C. Laigle, C. Gouin, Florian Sarron, L Quilley, Christophe Pichon , et al. · 2025

Galaxy morphologies and shape orientations are expected to correlate with their large-scale environments, since they grow by accreting matter from the cosmic web and are subject to interactions with other galaxies. We extracted cosmic fila…

X-ray emission in IllustrisTNG circum-cluster environments. II -- Possible origins of the soft X-ray excess emission Open

C. Gouin, Daniela Galárraga-Espinosa, Massimiliano Bonamente, Stephen G. Walker, M S Mirakhor , et al. · 2025

An excess of soft X-ray emission (0.2-1 keV) above the contribution from the hot intra-cluster medium (ICM) has been detected in a number of galaxy clusters, including the Coma cluster. The physical origin of this emitting medium above hot…

Clumpiness of galaxies revealed in the near-infrared with COSMOS-Web Open

Wilfried Mercier, Boris S. Kalita, Marko Shuntov, R. C. Arango-Toro, O. Ilbert , et al. · 2025

Clumps in the rest-frame UV emission of galaxies have been observed for decades. Since the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a large population is detected in the rest-frame near-infrared (NIR), raising questions about their…

COSMOS Web: Morphological quenching and size-mass evolution of brightest group galaxies from z = 3.7 Open

G. Gozaliasl, Lilan Yang, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Greta Toni, Fatemeh Abedini , et al. · 2025

We present a comprehensive study of the structural evolution of Brightest Group Galaxies (BGGs) from redshift $z \simeq 0.08$ to $z = 3.7$ using the \textit{James Webb Space Telescope}'s 255h COSMOS-Web program. This survey provides deep N…

COSMOS2025: The COSMOS-Web galaxy catalog of photometry, morphology, redshifts, and physical parameters from JWST, HST, and ground-based imaging Open

Marko Shuntov, Hollis B. Akins, Louise Paquereau, Caitlin M. Casey, O. Ilbert , et al. · 2025

We present COSMOS2025, the COSMOS-Web catalog of photometry, morphology, photometric redshifts and physical parameters for more than 700,000 galaxies in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field. This catalog is based on our \textit{James…

Reconstructing galaxy star formation histories from COSMOS2020 photometry using simulation-based inference Open

G. Aufort, C. Laigle, H. J. McCracken, D. Le Borgne, R. C. Arango-Toro , et al. · 2025

We propose a novel method for reconstructing the full posterior distribution of the star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies from broad-band photometry. Our method combines the simulation-based inference (SBI) framework using a neural n…

The COSMOS-Web ring: Spectroscopic confirmation of the background source at z = 5.1 Open

Marko Shuntov, Shuowen Jin, Wilfried Mercier, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Rebecca Larson , et al. · 2025

We report the spectroscopic confirmation of the background source of the most distant Einstein ring known to date, the COSMOS-Web ring. This system consists of a complete Einstein ring at z = 5.1, which is lensed by a massive early-type ga…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1): VIS processing and data products Open

H. J. McCracken, K. Benson, Kevin Benson, T. Flanet, T. Flanet , et al. · 2025

This paper describes the VIS Processing Function (VIS PF) of the Euclid ground segment pipeline, which processes and calibrates raw data from the VIS camera. We present the algorithms used in each processing element, along with a descripti…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). The role of cosmic connectivity in shaping galaxy clusters Open

Euclid Collaboration, C. Laigle, Florian Sarron, T. Bonnaire, T. Bonnaire , et al. · 2025

The matter distribution around galaxy clusters is distributed over several filaments, reflecting their positions as nodes in the large-scale cosmic web. The number of filaments connected to a cluster, namely its connectivity, is expected t…

The quenching of star formation in dwarf galaxies: new perspectives from deep-wide surveys Open

Sugata Kaviraj, Ilin Lazar, A. E. Watkins, C. Laigle, Garreth Martin , et al. · 2025

Dwarf galaxies dominate the galaxy number density, making them critical to our understanding of galaxy evolution. However, typical dwarfs are too faint to be visible outside the very local Universe in past surveys like the SDSS, which offe…

The quenching of star formation in dwarf galaxies: new perspectives from deep-wide surveys Open

S. Kaviraj, Ilin Lazar, A. E. Watkins, C. Laigle, Garreth Martin , et al. · 2025

Dwarf galaxies dominate the galaxy number density, making them critical to our understanding of galaxy evolution. However, typical dwarfs are too faint to be visible outside the very local Universe in past surveys like the SDSS, which offe…

How complex are galaxies? A non-parametric estimation of the intrinsic dimensionality of wide-band photometric data Open

Corentin Cadiou, C. Laigle, Oscar Agertz · 2025

Galaxies are complex objects, yet the number of independent parameters to describe them remains unknown. We present here a non-parametric method to estimate the intrinsic dimensionality of large data sets. We apply it to wide-band photomet…

Tracing the galaxy-halo connection with galaxy clustering in COSMOS-Web from z = 0.1 to z ~ 12 Open

Louise Paquereau, C. Laigle, H. J. McCracken, Marko Shuntov, O. Ilbert , et al. · 2025

We explore the evolving relationship between galaxies and their dark matter halos from $z \sim 0.1$ to $z \sim 12$ using mass-limited angular clustering measurements in the 0.54 deg$^2$ of the COSMOS-Web survey. This study provides the fir…

Test of Cosmic Web-feeding Model for Star Formation in Galaxy Clusters in the COSMOS Field Open

Eunhee Ko, Myungshin Im, Seong-Kook Lee, C. Laigle · 2024

It is yet to be understood how large-scale environments influence star formation activity in galaxy clusters. One recently proposed mechanism is that galaxy clusters can remain star forming when fed by infalling groups and star-forming gal…

Reconstructing galaxy star formation histories from COSMOS2020 photometry using simulation-based inference Open

G. Aufort, C. Laigle, H. J. McCracken, D. Le Borgne, R. C. Arango-Toro , et al. · 2024

We propose a novel method to reconstruct the full posterior distribution of the star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies from broad-band photometry. Our method combines simulation-based inference (SBI) using a neural network trained wit…

Unveiling the Distant Universe: Characterizing z ≥ 9 Galaxies in the First Epoch of COSMOS-Web Open

Maximilien Franco, Hollis B. Akins, Caitlin M. Casey, Steven L. Finkelstein, Marko Shuntov , et al. · 2024

We report the identification of 15 galaxy candidates at z ≥ 9 using the initial COSMOS-Web JWST observations over 77 arcmin 2 through four Near Infrared Camera filters (F115W, F150W, F277W, and F444W) with an overlap with the Mid-Infrared …

The environmental dependence of the stellar mass–gas metallicity relation in Horizon Run 5 Open

Aaron R. Rowntree, Ankit Singh, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, B. K. Gibson, C. Gouin , et al. · 2024

Metallicity offers a unique window into the baryonic history of the cosmos, being instrumental in probing evolutionary processes in galaxies between different cosmic environments. We aim to quantify the contribution of these environments t…

COSMOS-Web: The Role of Galaxy Interactions and Disk Instabilities in Producing Starbursts at z<4 Open

A. L. Faisst, Malte Brinch, C. M. Casey, Nima Chartab, M. Dessauges‐Zavadsky , et al. · 2024

We study of the role of galaxy-galaxy interactions and disk instabilities in producing starburst activity in galaxies out to z = 4. For this, we use a sample of 387 galaxies with robust total star formation rate measurements from Herschel,…

The Environmental Dependence of the Stellar Mass - Gas Metallicity Relation in Horizon Run 5 Open

Aaron R. Rowntree, Ankit Singh, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, B. K. Gibson, C. Gouin , et al. · 2024

Metallicity offers a unique window into the baryonic history of the cosmos, being instrumental in probing evolutionary processes in galaxies between different cosmic environments. We aim to quantify the contribution of these environments t…

How complex are galaxies? A non-parametric estimation of the intrinsic dimensionality of wide-band photometric data Open

Corentin Cadiou, C. Laigle, Oscar Agertz · 2024

Galaxies are complex objects, yet the number of independent parameters to describe them remains unknown. We present here a non-parametric method to estimate the intrinsic dimensionality of large datasets. We apply it to wide-band photometr…

The COSMOS-Web ring: In-depth characterization of an Einstein ring lensing system at z ∼ 2 Open

Wilfried Mercier, Marko Shuntov, R. Gavazzi, J.W Nightingale, R. Arango , et al. · 2024

Aims. We provide an in-depth analysis of the COSMOS-Web ring, an Einstein ring at z ≈ 2 that we serendipitously discovered during the data reduction of the COSMOS-Web survey and that could be the most distant lens discovered to date. Metho…

Distinguish dark matter theories with the cosmic web and next-generation surveys I: an alternative theory of gravity Open

Pierre Boldrini, C. Laigle · 2024

In the context of future large surveys like the Euclid mission, extracting the cosmic web from galaxies at higher redshifts with more statistical power will become feasible, particularly within the group-cluster mass regime. Therefore, it …

COSMOS-Web: An Overview of the JWST Cosmic Origins Survey Open

Caitlin M. Casey, Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe, Nicole E. Drakos, Maximilien Franco, Santosh Harish , et al. · 2023

We present the survey design, implementation, and outlook for COSMOS-Web, a 255 hr treasury program conducted by the James Webb Space Telescope in its first cycle of observations. COSMOS-Web is a contiguous 0.54 deg 2 NIRCam imaging survey…

Unveiling the distant Universe: Characterizing $z\ge9$ Galaxies in the first epoch of COSMOS-Web Open

Maximilien Franco, Hollis B. Akins, Caitlin M. Casey, Steven L. Finkelstein, Marko Shuntov , et al. · 2023

We report the identification of 15 galaxy candidates at $z\ge9$ using the initial COSMOS-Web JWST observations over 77 arcmin$^2$ through four NIRCam filters (F115W, F150W, F277W, F444W) with an overlap with MIRI (F770W) of 8.7 arcmin$^2$.…

Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function Open

Juhan Kim, Jaehyun Lee, C. Laigle, Yohan Dubois, Yonghwi Kim , et al. · 2023

We investigate the impact of the surface-brightness (SB) limit on the galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) using galaxy catalogs generated from the Horizon Run 5 ( HR5 ) simulation. We compare the stellar-to-halo-mass relation, GSMF, and …

HSC-CLAUDS survey: The star formation rate functions since z ∼ 2 and comparison with hydrodynamical simulations Open

Vincent Picouet, S. Arnouts, E. Le Floc’h, T. Moutard, Katarina Kraljic , et al. · 2023

Context. Star formation rate functions (SFRFs) give an instantaneous view of the distribution of star formation rates (SFRs) in galaxies at different epochs. They are a complementary and more stringent test for models than the galaxy stell…

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