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Hydrogen mole fraction distributions inferred from inverse-LIF measurements on high-pressure hydrogen injections Open
The mixing of fuel and ambient in a compression-igniting combustion engine is a critical process, affecting ignition delay, burn duration, and cycle efficiency. This study aims to visualize and quantify hydrogen mole fraction distributions…
A framework to characterize the flow of high-pressure hydrogen injectors Open
Similar to what is typical for the characterization of conventional liquid fuel injection equipment, a framework is presented to characterize the efficiency of the flow issuing from a high-pressure gas injector. Needle lift, mass flow, and…
Quantifying the mixing behavior of direct injected hydrogen in high-pressure environments by Rayleigh scattering Open
Contributing to a sustainable future, a compression-ignition Argon Power Cycle (APC) combustion engine could be an efficient means to use hydrogen as a carbon-free energy carrier. In the APC, hydrogen is burned with oxygen in an argon ambi…
Design of experiments optimized OMEx-diesel blends on a heavy-duty engine − Part 2: Engine performance and exhaust particle analysis with EGR variation Open
In previous work, oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx) fuel blends have demonstrated their potential to achieve low engine-out emissions, complying with Euro V NOx and Euro VI PM regulations. In this subsequent study, further optimization of…
Application of fast pyrolysis bio-oil in a genset engine for combined heat and power generation Open
Fast pyrolysis bio-oil made from biomass residues has promising potential in combined heat and power generation applications. However, the special physicochemical properties of FPBO make its application in engines challenging, and the long…
The impact of oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx)-diesel blends on combustion and soot-reduction characteristics: experimental and kinetic investigations Open
Oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx) is a renewable oxygenated fuel with significant potential to break the traditional soot-NOx trade-off. The combustion and soot-reduction potential of OMEx (x=3-6) and its blends with diesel are investigat…
The impact of exhaust gas recirculation calibration on emissions and efficiency with GTL and GTLB30 fuels on a heavy-duty diesel engine Open
A gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuel and its blend with 30% fatty acid methyl esters (GTLB30), as well as reference diesel have been investigated on a modified single-cylinder heavy-duty compression-ignition engine over a large part of the engine op…
Design of experiments optimized OMEx-diesel blends on a heavy-duty engine − Part 1: Combustion and emissions analysis with EGR and injection timing variation Open
Oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OME) as a renewable E-fuel provides huge potential for simultaneous soot and NOx reduction on heavy-duty engines, but a thorough optimization of combustion and emission characteristics of great interest to achi…
High spatiotemporal resolution optical measurements of two-stage ignition and combustion in Engine Combustion Network Spray D flames Open
This study explores flame structures and combustion dynamics in high-pressure n-dodecane fuel sprays, focusing on the formation and consumption of formaldehyde (CH2O) during autoignition and the development of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (P…
Nitric oxide laser-induced fluorescence using the fifth harmonic of a broad-band Nd:YAG laser Open
We explore the prospects of laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics of nitric oxide (NO) using non-tunable fifth-harmonic radiation of a broad-band, ns-pulsed Nd:YAG laser at $$\lambda = 213$$ nm. Typically, 2–5 mJ/pulse of 213-nm radi…
Characterizing and visualizing the direct injection of hydrogen into high-pressure argon and nitrogen environments Open
Using argon as the working fluid in an internal combustion engine holds the potential of substantially enhancing thermal efficiency because of its high specific heat ratio. Burning hydrogen, not with air but with pure oxygen, in a closed-l…
Numerical investigation on ignition characterization of high-pressure oxymethylene ether and -dodecane sprays Open
This work investigates the ignition behavior of a high-pressure oxymethylene ether (OMEx) spray, applied to the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray D flame, using large-eddy simulations. The results are compared to available experiments.…
Combustion characteristics of oxymethylene dimethyl ether-diesel blends: An experimental investigation using a constant-volume combustion chamber Open
The combustion characteristics of oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEx) and its blends with diesel have been investigated using a multi-hole injector in a constant-volume combustion chamber. The results show OMEx addition can reduce the ignit…
Effects of oxygen enrichment on diesel spray flame soot formation in O2/Ar atmosphere Open
In this study, diesel spray combustion at oxygen-enriched conditions (oxygen volume fraction of 21–70 %) with argon dilution is experimentally investigated in a constant-volume combustion chamber. Optical diagnostics are employed to study …
Considerations for the temperature stratification in a pre-burn constant-volume combustion chamber Open
In recent years, the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) has developed as a worldwide reference for understanding and describing engine combustion processes, successfully bringing together experimental and numerical efforts. Since experiments …
Combined experimental and numerical studies on soot characteristics of diesel sprays with split injection strategies Open
[EN] Experimental and numerical studies on the soot characteristics of Spray A flames were conducted with a focus on the effects of different split injection strategies in high-pressure high-temperature vessels within the engine combustion…
Investigation of soot formation in -dodecane spray flames using LES and a discrete sectional method Open
Considering stricter regulations on soot emissions, the detailed soot modeling approaches facilitating prediction of soot particle size distributions (PSD) are increasingly in demand. In this context, the transient evolution of soot is num…
D3.7 Fundamental spray combustion characteristics of FPBO and blends Open
Fast pyrolysis is an efficient process to convert solid biomass to liquid bio-oils. The EU funded SmartCHP project is aiming to develop a smart and flexible small-scale combined heat and power (CHP) system running on fast-pyrolysis bio-oil…
Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of N-Butanol and FPBO/N-Butanol Blends With Addition of Ignition Improver Open
In this study, the ignition and combustion characteristics of fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO) are investigated in a combustion research unit (CRU), which mainly consists of a constant-volume combustion chamber. To fuel the CRU with FPBO, n-b…
D3.2 Report on the determination of the ignition and combustion characteristics of FPBO Open
In this deliverable, the ignition and combustion characteristics of FPBO are determined. A combustion research unit system, which is mainly composed of a constant volume combustion chamber, is used to provide the well-controlled initial am…
View article: Detailed measurements of transient two-stage ignition and combustion processes in high-pressure spray flames using simultaneous high-speed formaldehyde PLIF and schlieren imaging
Detailed measurements of transient two-stage ignition and combustion processes in high-pressure spray flames using simultaneous high-speed formaldehyde PLIF and schlieren imaging Open
This study investigates the low- and high-temperature ignition and combustion processes in a high-pressure spray flame of n-dodecane using simultaneous 50-kHz formaldehyde (HCHO) planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and 100-kHz schlier…