C. Peter Constabel
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View article: Salicylic acid biosynthesis via the PAL pathway requires benzaldehyde synthase and a benzyl salicylate-specific esterase
Salicylic acid biosynthesis via the PAL pathway requires benzaldehyde synthase and a benzyl salicylate-specific esterase Open
Salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis in plants occurs via the isochorismate synthase (ICS) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) pathways. The critical steps from benzyl-CoA to SA in the PAL-mediated pathway remain unknown. To probe benzenoid …
View article: Regulation of pectin remodeling and ectomycorrhiza development by cell wall localized proanthocyanidins in hybrid aspen roots
Regulation of pectin remodeling and ectomycorrhiza development by cell wall localized proanthocyanidins in hybrid aspen roots Open
Ectomycorrhiza (ECM) formation in tree roots requires pectin de-esterification and degradation in the middle lamella for fungal entry into the root apoplast. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) interact with pectin in vitro, however their function in …
View article: A dihydrochalcone-specific <i>O-</i>methyltransferase from leaf buds of <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> implicated in bud resin formation
A dihydrochalcone-specific <i>O-</i>methyltransferase from leaf buds of <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> implicated in bud resin formation Open
Production of secreted leaf bud resin is a mechanism for temperate trees to protect dormant leaf buds against frost damage, dehydration, and insect herbivory. Bud resins contain a wide variety of special metabolites including terpenoids, b…
View article: Poplar leaf bud resin metabolomics: seasonal profiling of leaf bud chemistry in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> provides insight into resin biosynthesis
Poplar leaf bud resin metabolomics: seasonal profiling of leaf bud chemistry in <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> provides insight into resin biosynthesis Open
Trees in the genus Populus synthesize sticky and fragrant resins to protect dormant leaf buds during winter. These resins contain diverse phenolic metabolites, in particular, hydroxycinnamate esters and methylated flavonoids. Populus trich…
View article: Tissue and cellular localization of condensed tannins in poplar roots and potential association with nitrogen uptake
Tissue and cellular localization of condensed tannins in poplar roots and potential association with nitrogen uptake Open
Condensed tannins are common in vegetative tissues of woody plants, including in roots. In hybrid poplar ( Populus tremula x alba; also known as P. x canescens ) CT assays indicated they were most concentrated in younger white roots and at…
View article: Fungal Community Composition as Affected by Litter Chemistry and Weather during Four Years of Litter Decomposition in Rainshadow Coastal Douglas-Fir Forests
Fungal Community Composition as Affected by Litter Chemistry and Weather during Four Years of Litter Decomposition in Rainshadow Coastal Douglas-Fir Forests Open
Climate and litter chemistry are major factors influencing litter decay, a process mediated by microbes, such as fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations can decrease nitroge…
View article: CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of <i>UGT71L1</i> in poplar connects salicinoid and salicylic acid metabolism and alters growth and morphology
CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of <i>UGT71L1</i> in poplar connects salicinoid and salicylic acid metabolism and alters growth and morphology Open
Salicinoids are salicyl alcohol-containing phenolic glycosides with strong antiherbivore effects found only in poplars and willows. Their biosynthesis is poorly understood, but recently a UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase, UGT71L1, was sho…
View article: Exploring the Potential in LID Technologies for Remediating Heavy Metals in Carwash Wastewater
Exploring the Potential in LID Technologies for Remediating Heavy Metals in Carwash Wastewater Open
Carwash wastewater (CWW) can be a significant source of environmental pollution due to the diversity and high concentrations of contaminants it contains. This toxic wastewater can contain several different heavy metals that if left untreat…
View article: Poplar MYB117 promotes anthocyanin synthesis and enhances flavonoid B-ring hydroxylation by up-regulating the flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase gene
Poplar MYB117 promotes anthocyanin synthesis and enhances flavonoid B-ring hydroxylation by up-regulating the flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase gene Open
Flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and flavonols, are widespread plant secondary metabolites and important for plant adaptation to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. Flavonoids can be variously hydroxylated and decorate…
View article: Novel Integration of Geopolymer Pavers, Silva Cells and Poplar Trees for In-Situ Treatment of Car-Wash Wastewater
Novel Integration of Geopolymer Pavers, Silva Cells and Poplar Trees for In-Situ Treatment of Car-Wash Wastewater Open
This paper presents an eco-friendly, low-impact development (LID) approach, developed and implemented at a car wash site for a cleaner and greener environment. In this approach, the contaminated water discharged after car washing is treate…
View article: MYB134-RNAi poplar plants show reduced tannin synthesis in leaves but not roots, and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress
MYB134-RNAi poplar plants show reduced tannin synthesis in leaves but not roots, and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress Open
The importance of the poplar MYB134 gene in controlling condensed tannin (CT) biosynthesis was tested by suppressing its expression using RNA interference (RNAi). MYB134-RNAi plants grew normally but showed reduced accumulation of stress-i…
View article: The Occurrence of Sulfated Salicinoids in Poplar and Their Formation by Sulfotransferase1
The Occurrence of Sulfated Salicinoids in Poplar and Their Formation by Sulfotransferase1 Open
Salicinoids form a specific class of phenolic glycosides characteristic of the Salicaceae. Although salicinoids accumulate in large amounts and have been shown to be involved in plant defense, their biosynthesis is unclear. We identified t…
View article: Discovery of salicyl benzoate UDP‐glycosyltransferase, a central enzyme in poplar salicinoid phenolic glycoside biosynthesis
Discovery of salicyl benzoate UDP‐glycosyltransferase, a central enzyme in poplar salicinoid phenolic glycoside biosynthesis Open
SUMMARY The salicinoids are anti‐herbivore phenolic glycosides unique to the Salicaceae (Populus and Salix) . They consist of a salicyl alcohol glucoside core, which is usually further acylated with benzoic, cinnamic or phenolic acids. Whi…
View article: Two R2R3‐<scp>MYB</scp> proteins are broad repressors of flavonoid and phenylpropanoid metabolism in poplar
Two R2R3‐<span>MYB</span> proteins are broad repressors of flavonoid and phenylpropanoid metabolism in poplar Open
Summary The phenylpropanoid pathway leads to the production of many important plant secondary metabolites including lignin, chlorogenic acids, flavonoids, and phenolic glycosides. Early studies have demonstrated that flavonoid biosynthesis…
View article: Flavan-3-ols Are an Effective Chemical Defense against Rust Infection
Flavan-3-ols Are an Effective Chemical Defense against Rust Infection Open
Phenolic secondary metabolites are often thought to protect plants against attack by microbes, but their role in defense against pathogen infection in woody plants has not been investigated comprehensively. We studied the biosynthesis, occ…
View article: An improved butanol-HCl assay for quantification of water-soluble, acetone:methanol-soluble, and insoluble proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins)
An improved butanol-HCl assay for quantification of water-soluble, acetone:methanol-soluble, and insoluble proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) Open
View article: Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure
Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure Open
The accumulation of proanthocyanidins is regulated by a complex of transcription factors composed of R2R3 MYB, basic helix-loop-helix, and WD40 proteins that activate the promoters of biosynthetic genes. In poplar (genus Populus), M…
View article: The MYB182 Protein Down-Regulates Proanthocyanidin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Poplar by Repressing Both Structural and Regulatory Flavonoid Genes
The MYB182 Protein Down-Regulates Proanthocyanidin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Poplar by Repressing Both Structural and Regulatory Flavonoid Genes Open
Trees in the genus Populus (poplar) contain phenolic secondary metabolites including the proanthocyanidins (PAs), which help to adapt these widespread trees to diverse environments. The transcriptional activation of PA biosynthesis in resp…