C. Scheuerlein
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View article: Processibility, Thermo-Mechanical Properties, and Radiation Hardness of Polyurethane and Silicone Resins
Processibility, Thermo-Mechanical Properties, and Radiation Hardness of Polyurethane and Silicone Resins Open
Different polyurethanes (PURs) and silicone for potential use in particle accelerators and detectors have been characterized in the uncured state, after curing, and after exposure to ionizing irradiation in ambient air and in liquid helium…
View article: Thermomechanical properties and irradiation induced aging of SLA and FDM 3D printed high performance polymers
Thermomechanical properties and irradiation induced aging of SLA and FDM 3D printed high performance polymers Open
The thermomechanical properties of 3D printed polymers for potential use in superconducting devices have been compared. The FDM printed thermoplastics PEEK and ULTEM 9085 exhibit strongly anisotropic properties, with very high mechanical s…
View article: Dielectric, thermal and mechanical properties of insulation systems for quench heaters for the protection of superconducting magnets
Dielectric, thermal and mechanical properties of insulation systems for quench heaters for the protection of superconducting magnets Open
High dielectric strength, low thermal resistance and mechanical robustness are conflicting requirements on the insulation system between the superconductors in magnet coils and the quench heaters placed on the coil for active protection in…
View article: Thermomechanical properties of epoxy and wax matrix composites for superconducting magnets
Thermomechanical properties of epoxy and wax matrix composites for superconducting magnets Open
Thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin systems and paraffin wax for the vacuum impregnation of superconducting magnet coils have been studied at ambient and at cryogenic temperatures. Parameters for the thermomechanical modelling of is…
View article: Advanced Composite Insulation Systems in Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Superconducting Magnets for Accelerators: Electrical Characterization of Laminates at Cryogenic Temperatures
Advanced Composite Insulation Systems in Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Superconducting Magnets for Accelerators: Electrical Characterization of Laminates at Cryogenic Temperatures Open
The electrical insulation system in wind-and-react Nb3Sn superconducting magnets must be robust, such that it can sustain the mechanical stresses, high radiation doses, and thermal cycles involved in the operation of the magnets. The chose…
View article: Radiation Aging Effect on Electrical Properties of Superconductive Magnet Wires
Radiation Aging Effect on Electrical Properties of Superconductive Magnet Wires Open
This paper focuses on the effect of high dose radiation on the electric insulation of superconducting wires used in particle accelerator magnets. The analysis focuses on the evolution of the electrical properties, due to radiation doses, o…
View article: Fracture Toughness, Radiation Hardness, and Processibility of Polymers for Superconducting Magnets
Fracture Toughness, Radiation Hardness, and Processibility of Polymers for Superconducting Magnets Open
High fracture toughness at cryogenic temperature and radiation hardness can be conflicting requirements for the resins for the impregnation of superconducting magnet coils. The fracture toughness of different epoxy-resin systems at room te…
View article: Effect of Irradiation Temperature and Atmosphere on Aging of Epoxy Resins for Superconducting Magnets
Effect of Irradiation Temperature and Atmosphere on Aging of Epoxy Resins for Superconducting Magnets Open
The superconducting magnets of future particle accelerators will be exposed to high irradiation doses at cryogenic temperatures. To investigate the effect of irradiation temperature and atmosphere on the aging behavior, we have characteriz…
View article: Quench Heater Technology for HL-LHC Superconducting Accelerator Magnets
Quench Heater Technology for HL-LHC Superconducting Accelerator Magnets Open
Quench heaters for the active protection of superconducting magnets are large flexible circuits that are produced in a photolithographic process. The HL-LHC quench heater base material, the circuit production process and the qualification …
View article: Irradiation Induced Aging of Epoxy Resins for Impregnation of Superconducting Magnet Coils
Irradiation Induced Aging of Epoxy Resins for Impregnation of Superconducting Magnet Coils Open
Understanding the effect of radiation on the functional properties of epoxy resins is crucial for their application in future particle accelerators like the Future Circular Collider (FCC). We compare the irradiation induced aging rates of …
View article: X-Ray Studies: Phase Transformations and Microstructure Changes
X-Ray Studies: Phase Transformations and Microstructure Changes Open
This chapter focuses on high-energy synchrotron radiation in situ studies of entire processes, which can be much faster than conventional materials studies that require a series of samples to be prepared after different processing steps. T…
View article: Metallographic analysis of 11 T dipole coils for High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC)
Metallographic analysis of 11 T dipole coils for High Luminosity-Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) Open
For next-generation accelerator magnets for fields beyond those achievable using Nb–Ti, Nb 3 Sn is the most viable superconductor. The high luminosity upgrade for the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) marks an important milestone as it will b…
View article: Busbar technology development for the HL-LHC inner triplet magnets
Busbar technology development for the HL-LHC inner triplet magnets Open
The busbars for the HL-LHC magnets are made of Nb-Ti/Cu conductor, the insulation system, and the auxiliary equipment to align the busbars with respect to the magnet coldmasses. This paper presents design options concerning the integration…
View article: Design of the consolidated LHC dipole diode busbar insulation system
Design of the consolidated LHC dipole diode busbar insulation system Open
During the second long shutdown of the LHC in 2019 and 2020, the electrical insulation of the 1232 dipole diodes and diode busbars is presently consolidated. The newly designed insulation system, mainly consisting of polyimide laminated fi…
View article: Effect of the fabrication route on the phase and volume changes during the reaction heat treatment of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn superconducting wires
Effect of the fabrication route on the phase and volume changes during the reaction heat treatment of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn superconducting wires Open
Accelerator magnets that can reach magnetic fields well beyond the Nb-Ti performance limits are presently being built and developed, using Nb 3 Sn superconductors. This technology requires reaction heat treatment (RHT) of the magnet coils,…
View article: CSD 1790768: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CSD 1790768: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, the world’s repository for inorganic crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely availabl…
View article: Direct measurement of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn filament loading strain and stress in accelerator magnet coil segments
Direct measurement of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn filament loading strain and stress in accelerator magnet coil segments Open
We have directly measured, for the first time, the Nb$_{3}$Sn and Cu loading strains and stresses in 11 T dipole coil segments upon compressive loading using neutron diffraction. For this purpose a load frame that enables rotation of the s…
View article: Effect of Applied Compressive Stress and Impregnation Material on Internal Strain and Stress State in Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Rutherford Cable Stacks
Effect of Applied Compressive Stress and Impregnation Material on Internal Strain and Stress State in Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Rutherford Cable Stacks Open
The Nb$_{3}$Sn superconductor in accelerator magnets must resist high mechanical stresses. In order to understand better the effect of the coil impregnation system on the stresses exerted on the strain-sensitive Nb$_{3}$Sn superconductor, …
View article: Fabrication of the 7.3-m-Long Coils for the Prototype of MQXFB, the Nb3Sn Low-b Quadrupole Magnet for the HiLumi LHC
Fabrication of the 7.3-m-Long Coils for the Prototype of MQXFB, the Nb3Sn Low-b Quadrupole Magnet for the HiLumi LHC Open
The High luminosity LHC upgrade target is to increase the integrated luminosity by a factor 10, resulting in an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb-1. One major improvement foreseen is the reduction of the beam size at the collision points. T…
View article: Thermomechanical Behavior of the HL-LHC 11 Tesla Nb3Sn Magnet Coil Constituents During Reaction Heat Treatment
Thermomechanical Behavior of the HL-LHC 11 Tesla Nb3Sn Magnet Coil Constituents During Reaction Heat Treatment Open
The knowledge of the temperature-induced changes of the superconductor volume and of the thermomechanical behavior of the different coil and tooling materials is required for predicting the coil geometry and the stress distribution in the …
View article: Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Wire Shape and Cross-Sectional Area Inhomogeneity in Rutherford Cables
Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Wire Shape and Cross-Sectional Area Inhomogeneity in Rutherford Cables Open
During Rutherford cable production, the wires are plastically deformed and their initially round shape is distorted. Using X-ray absorption tomography, we have determined the three-dimensional shape of an unreacted Nb3Sn 11-T dipole Ruther…
View article: X-ray studies: Phase transformations and microstructure changes
X-ray studies: Phase transformations and microstructure changes Open
The goal of this chapter is to illustrate the potential of high energy synchrotron radiation experiments for in situ studies of the processing of superconductors. We present case studies describing the Nb3Sn wire diffusion HT, the transfor…
View article: The Second LHC Long Shutdown (LS2) for the Superconducting Magnets
The Second LHC Long Shutdown (LS2) for the Superconducting Magnets Open
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been delivering data to the physics experiments since 2009. It first operated at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV and 8 TeV up to the first long shutdown (LS1) in 2013-14. The 13 kA splices between the m…
View article: Characterization of the Stress Distribution on Nb3Sn Rutherford Cables Under Transverse Compression
Characterization of the Stress Distribution on Nb3Sn Rutherford Cables Under Transverse Compression Open
Coils of high-field Nb$_{3}$Sn magnets are submitted to large loads during assembly at ambient temperature and during operation at cold. This paper addresses the characterization of the stress distribution on reacted and impregnated Nb$_{3…
View article: Testing Mechanical Behavior of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Rutherford Cable During Coil Winding
Testing Mechanical Behavior of Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Rutherford Cable During Coil Winding Open
In the framework of the development of high field\nmagnets made of $Nb_3Sn$ superconductor for projects such as high\nluminosity upgrade of the large hadron collider and future circular\ncollider studies, it is needed to refine the underst…
View article: Neutron Microtomography of MgB 2 Superconducting Multifilament Wire
Neutron Microtomography of MgB 2 Superconducting Multifilament Wire Open
Neutron imaging of sub-10-micrometres spatial resolution has been recently achieved in 2D mode within the framework of the Neutron Microscope project at the Paul Scherrer Institut. Here we report on the development of the PSI Neutron Micro…
View article: Status of Long Coil Production for the MQXFB Nb3Sn Prototype Quadrupole for the HiLumi LHC
Status of Long Coil Production for the MQXFB Nb3Sn Prototype Quadrupole for the HiLumi LHC Open
The high luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC) upgrade target is to increase the integrated luminosity by a factor 10, resulting in an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb-1. One major improvement foreseen is the reduction of the beam size at…
View article: Influence of fast proton irradiation with energies of 12.4 and 12.8 MeV on magnetic characteristics and microstructure changes of superconducting intermetallic compound Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn
Influence of fast proton irradiation with energies of 12.4 and 12.8 MeV on magnetic characteristics and microstructure changes of superconducting intermetallic compound Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn Open
Data on magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and microstructure modification of irradiated Nb3Sn platelets are presented. The irradiation was produced at room temperature by fast protons with the energies of 12.4 and 12.8 MeV with fluenc…