Calvin Lau
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View article: Generation of field-reversed configurations via neutral beam injection
Generation of field-reversed configurations via neutral beam injection Open
We report evidence of successful generation of field-reversed configuration plasmas by neutral beam injection. This is achieved by trapping the steady-state beams in an initial seed plasma, hence providing a direct source of toroidally dir…
View article: Enhanced plasma performance in C-2W advanced beam-driven field-reversed configuration experiments
Enhanced plasma performance in C-2W advanced beam-driven field-reversed configuration experiments Open
TAE Technologies’ fifth-generation fusion device, C-2W (also called ‘Norman’), is the world’s largest compact-toroid device and has made significant progress in field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma performance. C-2W produces record br…
View article: A gyrokinetic simulation model for 2D equilibrium potential in the scrape-off layer of a field-reversed configuration
A gyrokinetic simulation model for 2D equilibrium potential in the scrape-off layer of a field-reversed configuration Open
The equilibrium potential structure in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of the field-reversed configuration (FRC) can be affected by the penetration of edge biasing applied at the divertor ends. The primary focus of the paper is to establish a f…
View article: Effects of zonal flows on ion temperature gradient instability in the scrape-off layer of a field-reversed configuration
Effects of zonal flows on ion temperature gradient instability in the scrape-off layer of a field-reversed configuration Open
Gyrokinetic simulations of long wavelength ion temperature gradient (ITG) turbulence in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) find that zonal flows are nonlinearly generated and are the dominant mechanism for t…
View article: UHRF1 is required for basal stem cell proliferation in response to airway injury
UHRF1 is required for basal stem cell proliferation in response to airway injury Open
Cellular senescence is a cell fate characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest, but the molecular mechanism underlying this senescence hallmark remains poorly understood. Through an unbiased search for novel senescence regulators in…
View article: Global simulation of ion temperature gradient instabilities in a field-reversed configuration
Global simulation of ion temperature gradient instabilities in a field-reversed configuration Open
We investigate the global properties of drift waves in the beam driven field-reversed configuration (FRC), the C2-U device, in which the central FRC and its scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma are connected with the formation sections and divert…
View article: First Direct Observation of Runaway-Electron-Driven Whistler Waves in Tokamaks
First Direct Observation of Runaway-Electron-Driven Whistler Waves in Tokamaks Open
DIII-D experiments at low density (n_{e}∼10^{19} m^{-3}) have directly measured whistler waves in the 100-200 MHz range excited by multi-MeV runaway electrons. Whistler activity is correlated with runaway intensity (hard x-ray emission lev…
View article: Drift-wave stability in the field-reversed configuration
Drift-wave stability in the field-reversed configuration Open
Gyrokinetic simulations of C-2-like field-reversed configuration (FRC) find that electrostatic drift-waves are locally stable in the core. The stabilization mechanisms include finite Larmor radius effects, magnetic well (negative grad-B), …
View article: Electrostatic Turbulence and Transport in the Field-Reversed Configuration
Electrostatic Turbulence and Transport in the Field-Reversed Configuration Open
Recent drastic improvement of plasma stability and confinement in the high performance C-2 advanced beam-driven field-reversed configuration (FRC) experiment at Tri Alpha Energy, Inc. (TAE) has led to consistently reproducible stable plasm…
View article: Suppressed ion-scale turbulence in a hot high-β plasma
Suppressed ion-scale turbulence in a hot high-β plasma Open
An economic magnetic fusion reactor favours a high ratio of plasma kinetic pressure to magnetic pressure in a well-confined, hot plasma with low thermal losses across the confining magnetic field. Field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas…
View article: Gyrokinetic particle simulation of a field reversed configuration
Gyrokinetic particle simulation of a field reversed configuration Open
Gyrokinetic particle simulation of the field-reversed configuration (FRC) has been developed using the gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC). The magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium is mapped from cylindrical coordinates to Boozer coordinates for th…