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View article: Apathy, effort-based decisions and brain integrity in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
Apathy, effort-based decisions and brain integrity in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases Open
Apathy, or loss of motivation, is a prominent syndrome accompanying both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, in addition to other disorders. One approach to understanding motivational loss is to examine the processes underlying goal-direc…
View article: The social dimension of apathy: Evidence for a distinct domain from 11,243 individuals across health and neurocognitive disorders
The social dimension of apathy: Evidence for a distinct domain from 11,243 individuals across health and neurocognitive disorders Open
Apathy is a highly prevalent and disabling neuropsychiatric syndrome, but its multi-dimensional structure is a challenge for progress towards better identification and treatment. A critical question is whether social disengagement reflects…
View article: A transdiagnostic, multi-modal approach to understanding apathy: Methodological and analytical framework
A transdiagnostic, multi-modal approach to understanding apathy: Methodological and analytical framework Open
View article: A Systematic Review of Communication-Focused Dementia Interventions for Indigenous Communities
A Systematic Review of Communication-Focused Dementia Interventions for Indigenous Communities Open
Dementia is a significant challenge for many Indigenous peoples who face inequities in risk factors, prevalence, progression rates, and access to quality healthcare. Culturally relevant interventions are needed across the care pathway, how…
View article: Goal-directedness deficit in Huntington’s disease
Goal-directedness deficit in Huntington’s disease Open
Apathy and impulsive behaviour co-occur in Huntington’s disease (HD), but these debilitating behavioural syndromes are multidimensional constructs, raising the question of which specific dimensions drive this relationship and the stability…
View article: Beyond a syndrome: a mechanism for depression in Parkinson’s disease
Beyond a syndrome: a mechanism for depression in Parkinson’s disease Open
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Impaired reward sensitivity in Parkinson’s depression is unresponsive to dopamine treatment’ by Costello et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaf098).
View article: Clinical Implementation of Disease Modifying Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease: The Australian and New Zealand Context
Clinical Implementation of Disease Modifying Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease: The Australian and New Zealand Context Open
View article: Disrupted Time Perception Underlies Motivational Disturbances in Huntington’s Disease
Disrupted Time Perception Underlies Motivational Disturbances in Huntington’s Disease Open
Our sense of time is fundamental to interacting with the world in a goal-directed manner, with decisions underpinning goal pursuit utilising timing circuits in the seconds-to-minutes range. A reduction in goal-directed behaviour — apathy —…
View article: Cortical cholinergic pathway integrity is reduced in Parkinson’s disease dementia
Cortical cholinergic pathway integrity is reduced in Parkinson’s disease dementia Open
Background Normal cognitive function is supported by the neuromodulatory mechanisms of the cholinergic system. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), histological and molecular imaging evidence suggests disruption to cholinergic circuitry is associa…
View article: Early phase Amyloid‐PET reproduces metabolic signatures of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease
Early phase Amyloid‐PET reproduces metabolic signatures of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease Open
Background Establishing practical and effective diagnostic pathways for people with cognitive impairment is a crucial international research priority. Traditional (late‐phase) analysis of an amyloid‐beta (Aβ) PET scan (∼90 minutes after ra…
View article: Effort‐based decision making and white matter tracts associated with dimensions of apathy in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease
Effort‐based decision making and white matter tracts associated with dimensions of apathy in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease Open
Background Apathy is marked by diminished motivation and goal‐directed behavior, prevalent in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Effort‐based decision‐making paradigms (EBDM), which requi…
View article: Māori ancestral knowledge of communication
Māori ancestral knowledge of communication Open
Emerging from a need for culturally grounded speech-language therapy in Aotearoa (New Zealand), this study examined Māori (Indigenous people of New Zealand) values and perspectives on communication held within a data set of 2,669 pepeha (a…
View article: A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others
A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others Open
View article: Apathy and Impulsivity Co‐Occur in Huntington's Disease
Apathy and Impulsivity Co‐Occur in Huntington's Disease Open
Background Apathy is a debilitating behavioral change in Huntington's disease (HD), but impulsivity in HD has not been well documented, and the co‐occurrence of these behaviors in HD has not been investigated. Objective Our objective was t…
View article: Decision cost hypersensitivity underlies Huntington’s disease apathy
Decision cost hypersensitivity underlies Huntington’s disease apathy Open
The neuropsychiatric syndrome of apathy is now recognized to be a common and disabling condition in Huntington’s disease. However, the mechanisms underlying it are poorly understood. One way to investigate apathy is to use a theoretical fr…
View article: Early‐phase amyloid PET reproduces metabolic signatures of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease
Early‐phase amyloid PET reproduces metabolic signatures of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease Open
INTRODUCTION Recent work suggests that amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) tracer uptake shortly after injection (“early phase”) reflects brain metabolism and perfusion. We assessed this modality in a predominantly amyloid…
View article: Learning the value of experience
Learning the value of experience Open
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Impaired value-based decision-making in Parkinson’s disease apathy’ by Gilmour et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awae025).
View article: Determinants of Time to Diagnosis in Young-Onset Dementia
Determinants of Time to Diagnosis in Young-Onset Dementia Open
Timely diagnosis of young-onset dementia (YOD) is critical. This study aimed to identify factors that increased time to diagnosis at each stage of the diagnostic pathway. Participants were patients diagnosed with YOD (n = 40) and their car…
View article: Brain connectivity underlying apathy in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
Brain connectivity underlying apathy in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases Open
Background Apathy, defined as a lack of motivation towards goal‐directed behavior, is a common neuropsychiatric symptom in Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) disease. However, the mechanism underlying apathy is still unclear. Studies ha…
View article: The relevance of tract‐specific white matter hyperintensity burden to clinical impairment in groups at risk of Alzheimer’s disease
The relevance of tract‐specific white matter hyperintensity burden to clinical impairment in groups at risk of Alzheimer’s disease Open
Background White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are common in normally functioning older adults. While greater WMH volume may be associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia, the impact of the location of WMHs is…
View article: 652 Using the CFF Patient Registry to evaluate occurrence of annual visits
652 Using the CFF Patient Registry to evaluate occurrence of annual visits Open
View article: Reduced Sensitivity to Background Reward Underlies Apathy After Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights From an Ecological Foraging Framework
Reduced Sensitivity to Background Reward Underlies Apathy After Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights From an Ecological Foraging Framework Open
These results provide the first evidence directly linking disrupted background reward processing to apathy in any brain disorder. They identify a novel mechanism for apathy following moderate-to-severe TBI, and point towards novel interven…
View article: Dimensions of apathy in Parkinson's disease
Dimensions of apathy in Parkinson's disease Open
Introduction Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent proposals consider apathy as a multidimensional construct, which can manifest in behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and/or soc…
View article: Altered nucleus accumbens functional connectivity precedes apathy in Parkinson’s disease
Altered nucleus accumbens functional connectivity precedes apathy in Parkinson’s disease Open
Work in animal and human neuroscience has identified neural regions forming a network involved in the production of motivated, goal-directed behaviour. In particular, the nucleus accumbens and anterior cingulate cortex are recognized as ke…
View article: A Positive Newborn Screen for Congenital Hypothyroidism in a Clinically Euthyroid Neonate—Avoiding Unnecessary Treatment
A Positive Newborn Screen for Congenital Hypothyroidism in a Clinically Euthyroid Neonate—Avoiding Unnecessary Treatment Open
Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) has dramatically improved the neurocognitive outcomes for newborns with a confirmed positive screening test result. However, screening yields a small number of false positive and false n…
View article: Assessing preparedness for Alzheimer disease‐modifying therapies in Australasian health care systems
Assessing preparedness for Alzheimer disease‐modifying therapies in Australasian health care systems Open
Therapeutic advancement is well underway, and the medical community needs to keep pace A further potential disease-modifying therapy (DMT), lecanemab, was approved by the FDA for the treatment of early Alzheimer disease in January 2023, wi…
View article: Reduced Sensitivity to Background Reward Underlies Apathy after Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights from an Ecological Foraging Framework
Reduced Sensitivity to Background Reward Underlies Apathy after Traumatic Brain Injury: Insights from an Ecological Foraging Framework Open
View article: A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others
A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others Open
People are self-biased for rewards. We place a higher value on rewards if we receive them than if other people do. However, existing work has ignored one of the most powerful theories from behavioural ecology of how animals seek rewards in…
View article: Dementia Prevention Research Clinic: a longitudinal study investigating factors influencing the development of Alzheimer’s disease in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Dementia Prevention Research Clinic: a longitudinal study investigating factors influencing the development of Alzheimer’s disease in Aotearoa, New Zealand Open
Aotearoa New Zealand's population is ageing. Increasing life expectancy is accompanied by increases in prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and ageing-related disorders. The multicentre Dementia Prevention Research Clinic longitudinal st…
View article: The New Zealand Parkinson’s progression programme
The New Zealand Parkinson’s progression programme Open
We describe the New Zealand Parkinson's Progression Programme (NZP3), its goals, findings, and future plans. To date, 354 people with Parkinson's disease and 89 healthy older controls have participated over a 14-year period. A major focus …