Carl J. Fichtenbaum
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View article: Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2
Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2 Open
Background REPRIEVE findings catalyzed changes to multiple guidelines directing statin therapy prescribing for people with HIV (PWH). US guidelines use the pooled cohort equation (PCE)-derived 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease…
View article: Statin-dependent and -independent pathways are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in people with HIV
Statin-dependent and -independent pathways are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in people with HIV Open
BACKGROUNDStatin therapy lowers the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among people with HIV (PWH). Residual risk pathways contributing to excess MACE beyond LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) are not well understood. Our objective wa…
View article: Frailty, Pitavastatin, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among People With HIV
Frailty, Pitavastatin, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among People With HIV Open
Frailty was associated with markedly higher hazard of MACE. Though frailty did not appear to modify the protective effects of pitavastatin seen in the primary trial, the efficacy in frail PWH remains uncertain due to the limited number of …
View article: No evidence of pitavastatin effect on muscle area or density among people with HIV
No evidence of pitavastatin effect on muscle area or density among people with HIV Open
Background: Skeletal muscle area (MA) and muscle density (MD) are key determinants of physical function and typically decline with increasing age. Statins have well-known musculoskeletal effects but whether statins impact MA or MD is not w…
View article: Prognostic Factors of Physical Function Decline Among Middle-Aged Adults With HIV
Prognostic Factors of Physical Function Decline Among Middle-Aged Adults With HIV Open
Background Pitavastatin to REduce Physical Function Impairment and FRailty in HIV (PREPARE) found small declines in physical function overall among people with HIV (PWH). However, there was substantial individual variability. The purpose o…
View article: Coronary Plaque, Inflammation, Subclinical Myocardial Injury, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in the REPRIEVE Substudy
Coronary Plaque, Inflammation, Subclinical Myocardial Injury, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in the REPRIEVE Substudy Open
NCP and higher hs-CRP, IL-6, and hs-cTnT were associated with MACE and improved risk prediction over traditional risk factors in people with HIV without cardiac symptoms and low-to-moderate ASCVD risk. (Evaluating the Use of Pitavastatin t…
View article: Factors Affecting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Events in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Factors Affecting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Events in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Open
Background Persons with HIV face increased risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), partially mitigated by statin therapy. Methods We characterized factors associated with MACE and MACE subcomponents among PWH enrolled in REPRI…
View article: Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort
Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort Open
Background Prior analyses suggest that the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) abacavir (ABC), but not tenofovir (TFV), is associated with a 2-fold increase in the hazard of myocardial infarction. the Randomized Trial to Prev…
View article: Virologic effects of broadly neutralizing antibodies VRC01LS and VRC07-523LS on chronic HIV-1 infection
Virologic effects of broadly neutralizing antibodies VRC01LS and VRC07-523LS on chronic HIV-1 infection Open
BACKGROUNDHIV-1-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) have emerged as promising interventions with the potential to effectively treat and prevent HIV-1 infections. We conducted a phase I clinical trial evaluating the …
View article: Heavily treatment-experienced patients with HIV: are new mechanisms of action enough?
Heavily treatment-experienced patients with HIV: are new mechanisms of action enough? Open
Antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance poses a threat to ending the HIV epidemic. As the rates of integrase resistance continue to increase globally, the availability of options for HIV treatment becomes limited. Heavily treatment-experience…
View article: HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse
HepB-CpG vs HepB-Alum Vaccine in People With HIV and Prior Vaccine Nonresponse Open
Importance Nonresponse to hepatitis B vaccine is common among people with HIV, resulting in vulnerability to infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Objective To compare the seroprotection response achieved with a 2-dose (noninferiority, 1…
View article: Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy in the Setting of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Secondary Analysis of HPTN 083
Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy in the Setting of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Secondary Analysis of HPTN 083 Open
Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been shown to facilitate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and acquisition. HPTN 083, a global clinical trial, demonstrated superiority of long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-L…
View article: Diabetes Risk Factors in People With HIV Receiving Pitavastatin Versus Placebo for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Diabetes Risk Factors in People With HIV Receiving Pitavastatin Versus Placebo for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Open
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.
View article: Effects of Pitavastatin on COVID-19 Incidence and Seriousness Among a Global Cohort of People With HIV
Effects of Pitavastatin on COVID-19 Incidence and Seriousness Among a Global Cohort of People With HIV Open
Background Among people with HIV (PWH), COVID-19 is common and potentially severe. We leveraged REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) to assess the effects of statin therapy for cardiovascular disease prevention on …
View article: Sirolimus reduces T cell cycling, immune checkpoint marker expression, and HIV-1 DNA in people with HIV
Sirolimus reduces T cell cycling, immune checkpoint marker expression, and HIV-1 DNA in people with HIV Open
Key HIV cure strategies involve reversing immune dysfunction and limiting the proliferation of infected T cells. We evaluate the safety of sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, in people with HIV (PWH) and study the …
View article: Omicron COVID-19 immune correlates analysis of a third dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE trial
Omicron COVID-19 immune correlates analysis of a third dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE trial Open
View article: Pitavastatin Is Well-Tolerated With no Detrimental Effects on Physical Function
Pitavastatin Is Well-Tolerated With no Detrimental Effects on Physical Function Open
Background Little is known about the potential benefits or harms of statins on physical function among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Methods REPRIEVE was a double-blind randomized controlled trial evaluating pitavastatin …
View article: Association of Cardiac Troponin T With Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Primary Prevention People With HIV
Association of Cardiac Troponin T With Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Primary Prevention People With HIV Open
View article: Brief Report: Low-Dose Methotrexate Does Not Affect Measures of HIV-1 Persistence in Individuals With Chronically Treated HIV-1 Infection
Brief Report: Low-Dose Methotrexate Does Not Affect Measures of HIV-1 Persistence in Individuals With Chronically Treated HIV-1 Infection Open
Background: People with HIV-1 often have chronic inflammation leading to severe non-AIDS morbidity and mortality. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5314 sought to lower inflammation with low-dose methotrexate (LDMTX). The primary study…
View article: Coronary Plaque in People With HIV vs Non-HIV Asymptomatic Community and Symptomatic Higher-Risk Populations
Coronary Plaque in People With HIV vs Non-HIV Asymptomatic Community and Symptomatic Higher-Risk Populations Open
View article: The Effect of Open-Label Semaglutide on Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in People With HIV
The Effect of Open-Label Semaglutide on Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in People With HIV Open
View article: Effects of Pitavastatin on Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Biomarkers in HIV
Effects of Pitavastatin on Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Biomarkers in HIV Open
Importance Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in people with HIV (PWH) and is characterized by premature noncalcified coronary plaque. In the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE), pitavastatin reduced major …
View article: Risk factors for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in people with HIV: a report from the REPRIEVE trial
Risk factors for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in people with HIV: a report from the REPRIEVE trial Open
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), the clonal expansion of myeloid cells with leukemogenic mutations, results in increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. CHIP is more prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), but the…
View article: Cytomegalovirus IgG is Associated With Physical Function But Not Muscle Density in People With HIV
Cytomegalovirus IgG is Associated With Physical Function But Not Muscle Density in People With HIV Open
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with poor outcomes, including physical function impairment, in people without HIV. We examined associations between CMV IgG titer and physical function in virologically suppres…
View article: Omicron COVID-19 Immune Correlates Analysis of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE Trial
Omicron COVID-19 Immune Correlates Analysis of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE Trial Open
In the coronavirus efficacy (COVE) phase 3 efficacy trial of the mRNA-1273 vaccine, IgG binding antibody (bAb) concentration against Spike (BA.1 strain) and neutralizing antibody (nAb) titer against Spike (BA.1 strain) pseudovirus were ass…
View article: Efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in transgender women: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 083 trial
Efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in transgender women: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 083 trial Open
View article: Biological and Clinical Implications of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Coreceptor Neuropilin-1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Biological and Clinical Implications of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Coreceptor Neuropilin-1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Open
Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) coreceptor neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) had the largest association with coronary plaque in the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) proteomics analysis. With little known a…
View article: Hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are common and associated with cardiometabolic risk in a primary prevention cohort of people with HIV
Hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are common and associated with cardiometabolic risk in a primary prevention cohort of people with HIV Open
Background: Hepatic steatosis, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is common among people with HIV (PWH). We present baseline steatosis prevalence and cardiometabolic characteristics among REPRIEVE substudy participants. Me…
View article: Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection
Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection Open
Participants with HIV infection who received pitavastatin had a lower risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event than those who received placebo over a median follow-up of 5.1 years. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and other…
View article: Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Density, Inflammation, and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease Among People With HIV in the REPRIEVE Cohort
Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Density, Inflammation, and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease Among People With HIV in the REPRIEVE Cohort Open
Background Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) may influence plaque development through inflammatory mechanisms. We assessed PCAT density, as a measure of pericoronary inflammation, in relationship to coronary plaque among people with human…