Explanipedia

Shake-Down Spectroscopy as State- and Site-Specific Probe of Ultrafast Chemical Dynamics Open

Henry J. Thompson, M. Bonanomi, Jacob Pedersen, Oksana Plekan, Nitish Pal , et al. · 2025

Tracking the multifarious ultrafast electronic and structural changes occurring in a molecule during a photochemical transformation is a challenging endeavor that benefits from recent experimental and computational progress in time-resolve…

Amplification of Spontaneous Emission from Doubly Excited He Atoms Open

J. Turnšek, Špela Krušič, A. Mihelič, K. Bučar, Laura Foglia , et al. · 2025

We have observed amplification of weak fluorescence from He atoms in the 3a Po1 autoionizing state, which decay by spontaneous emission of 40.74 eV photons in one out of 1600 cases. On average, a 4.1±1.6% conversio…

Unraveling the Relaxation Dynamics of Uracil: Insights from Time-Resolved X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Open

Davide Faccialà, M. Bonanomi, Bruno Nunes Cabral Tenorio, L. Avaldi, P. Bolognesi , et al. · 2025

We report a study of the electronic and nuclear relaxation dynamics of the photoexcited RNA base uracil in the gas phase using time-resolved core-level photoelectron spectroscopy together with high-level calculations. The dynamics was inve…

Dichroic Electron Emission Patterns from Oriented Helium Ions Open

Niclas Wieland, Klaus Bartschat, Filippa Dudda, R. Wagner, Philipp Schmidt , et al. · 2025

We report a joint experimental and theoretical study using a combination of polarization-controlled free-electron-laser (FEL) and near-infra\-red (NIR) pulses in a synchronized two-color photo\-ionization scheme. Excited He$^+$ ions, creat…

Attosecond temporal structure of non-consecutive harmonic combs revealed by multiple near-infrared photon transitions in two-color photoionisation Open

Praveen Kumar Maroju, Miguel Benito de Lama, Michele Di Fraia, Oksana Plekan, M. Bonanomi , et al. · 2025

The metrology of attosecond pulse trains is based on a cross-correlation technique between a comb of extreme ultraviolet harmonics generated by the high-order harmonic generation process and a synchronised infrared field. The approach, usu…

Compact Spectrometer: A Dedicated Compact Wide Band Spectrometer for Free-Electron Laser Monitoring Open

Gabriele Zeni, Fabio Frassetto, Michele Di Fraia, Marcello Coreno, G. Sansone , et al. · 2025

The calibration activities of the COmpact SPectrometer—COSP for the FERMI Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facility at the Elettra Synchrotron (Italy) are presented. COSP is an in-house built grating spectrometer designed to be used during the op…

$$\hbox {H}_2$$-roaming dynamics in the formation of $$\hbox {H}_{3}^{+}$$ following two-photon double ionization of ethanol and aminoethanol Open

Aaron Ngai, Sebastian Hartweg, Jakob D. Asmussen, Björn Bastian, M. Bonanomi , et al. · 2025

Wave-packet manipulation of He Rydberg states by a seeded free-electron laser Open

Mathieu Dumergue, Paolo Carpeggiani, Tamás Csizmadia, M. Danailov, Alexander Demidovich , et al. · 2024

We report a two-dimensional pump-control-probe spectroscopic study of the dynamics of singly excited He Rydberg-state wave packets with a seeded extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) source. A pair of coherent XUV pulses, def…

Strong-field quantum control in the extreme ultraviolet domain using pulse shaping Open

Fabian Richter, Ulf Saalmann, E. Allaria, M. Wollenhaupt, Benedetto Ardini , et al. · 2024

Circular dichroism in multiphoton ionization of resonantly excited helium ions near channel closing Open

R. Wagner, Markus Ilchen, Nicolas Douguet, Philipp Schmidt, Niclas Wieland , et al. · 2024

Time-resolved Auger–Meitner spectroscopy of the photodissociation dynamics of CS<sub>2</sub> Open

Henry J. Thompson, Oksana Plekan, Matteo Bonanomi, Nitish Pal, Felix Allum , et al. · 2024

The photodissociation dynamics of UV excited CS 2 are investigated using time-resolved Auger–Meitner (AM) spectroscopy. AM decay is initiated by inner-shell ionisation with a femtosecond duration x-ray (179.9 eV) probe generated by the FER…

Generation of entanglement using a short-wavelength seeded free-electron laser Open

Saikat Nandi, Axel Stenquist, Asimina Papoulia, Edvin Olofsson, L. Badano , et al. · 2024

Quantum entanglement between the degrees of freedom encountered in the classical world is challenging to observe due to the surrounding environment. To elucidate this issue, we investigate the entanglement generated over ultrafast timescal…

Wave packet dynamics and control in excited states of molecular nitrogen Open

Mizuho Fushitani, Hikaru Fujise, Akiyoshi Hishikawa, Daehyun You, Shu Saito , et al. · 2024

Wave packet interferometry with vacuum ultraviolet light has been used to probe a complex region of the electronic spectrum of molecular nitrogen, N2. Wave packets of Rydberg and valence states were excited by using double pulses of vacuum…

Strong-field quantum control in the extreme ultraviolet using pulse shaping Open

Fabian Richter, Ulf Saalmann, E. Allaria, M. Wollenhaupt, Benedetto Ardini , et al. · 2024

Tailored light-matter interactions in the strong coupling regime enable the manipulation and control of quantum systems with up to unit efficiency, with applications ranging from quantum information to photochemistry. While strong light-ma…

Ultrafast electronic relaxation pathways of the molecular photoswitch quadricyclane Open

Kurtis Borne, Joseph C. Cooper, Michael N. R. Ashfold, Julien Bachmann, Surjendu Bhattacharyya , et al. · 2024

Generation of entanglement using a short-wavelength seeded free-electron laser Open

Saikat Nandi, Axel Stenquist, Asimina Papoulia, Edvin Olofsson, L. Badano , et al. · 2023

Quantum entanglement between the degrees of freedom encountered in the classical world is challenging to observe due to the surrounding environment. To elucidate this issue, we investigate the entanglement generated over ultrafast timescal…

Femtosecond Polarization Shaping of Free-Electron Laser Pulses Open

Giovanni Perosa, Jonas Wätzel, D. Garzella, E. Allaria, M. Bonanomi , et al. · 2023

We demonstrate the generation of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) pulses with time-dependent polarization. To achieve polarization modulation on a femtosecond timescale, we combine two mutually delayed counterrotating ci…

Time-Resolved Chiral X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy with Transiently Enhanced Atomic Site Selectivity: A Free-Electron Laser Investigation of Electronically Excited Fenchone Enantiomers Open

Davide Faccialà, Michele Devetta, Sandra Beauvarlet, Nicholas A. Besley, Francesca Calegari , et al. · 2023

Chirality is widespread in nature, playing a fundamental role in biochemical processes and in the origin of life itself. The observation of dynamics in chiral molecules is crucial for the understanding and control of the chiral activity of…

Controlling Fragmentation of the Acetylene Cation in the Vacuum Ultraviolet via Transient Molecular Alignment Open

Lazaros Varvarezos, J. Delgado-Guerrero, Michele Di Fraia, Thomas J. Kelly, Alicia Palacios , et al. · 2022

An open-loop control scheme of molecular fragmentation based on transient molecular alignment combined with single-photon ionization induced by a short-wavelength free electron laser (FEL) is demonstrated for the acetylene cation. Photoele…

Photochemical Ring-Opening Reaction of 1,3-Cyclohexadiene: Identifying the True Reactive State Open

Oksana Travnikova, Tomislav Piteša, Aurora Ponzi, Marin Sapunar, Richard J. Squibb , et al. · 2022

The photochemically induced ring-opening isomerization reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene to 1,3,5-hexatriene is a textbook example of a pericyclic reaction and has been amply investigated with advanced spectroscopic techniques. The main open …

Diffraction imaging of light induced dynamics in xenon-doped helium nanodroplets Open

Bruno Langbehn, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Andrew P. Clark, Marcello Coreno, Riccardo Cucini , et al. · 2022

We explore the light induced dynamics in superfluid helium nanodroplets with wide-angle scattering in a pump–probe measurement scheme. The droplets are doped with xenon atoms to facilitate the ignition of a nanoplasma through irradiation w…

Influence of an atomic resonance on the coherent control of the photoionization process Open

Elena V. Gryzlova, Paolo Carpeggiani, Maria M. Popova, Maksim D. Kiselev, Nicolas Douguet , et al. · 2022

In coherent control schemes, pathways connecting an initial and a final state can be independently controlled by manipulating the complex amplitudes of their transition matrix elements. For paths characterized by the absorption of multiple…

Extreme Ultraviolet Wave Packet Interferometry of the Autoionizing HeNe Dimer Open

D. Uhl, Andreas Wituschek, Rupert Michiels, Florian Trinter, T. Jahnke , et al. · 2022

Femtosecond extreme ultraviolet wave packet interferometry (XUV-WPI) was applied to study resonant interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) in the HeNe dimer. The high demands on phase stability and sensitivity for vibronic XUV-WPI of molecular-b…

Data for the Attosecond coherent-control experiment at FEL FERMI Open

Praveen Kumar Maroju, Michele Di Fraia, Oksana Plekan, M. Bonanomi, Barbara Merzuk , et al. · 2022

In the excel sheets, data corresponding to the attosecond coherent control experiment has been provided. A word file is included to explain the data in the different excel sheets.

Data for the Attosecond coherent-control experiment at FEL FERMI Open

Praveen Kumar Maroju, Michele Di Fraia, Oksana Plekan, M. Bonanomi, Barbara Merzuk , et al. · 2022

In the excel sheets, data corresponding to the attosecond coherent control experiment has been provided. A word file is included to explain the data in the different excel sheets.

Observation of Rabi dynamics with a short-wavelength free-electron laser Open

Saikat Nandi, Edvin Olofsson, Mattias Bertolino, Stefanos Carlström, Felipe Zapata , et al. · 2022

Rabi oscillations are periodic modulations of populations in two-level systems interacting with a time-varying field 1 . They are ubiquitous in physics with applications in different areas such as photonics 2 , nano-electronics 3 , electro…

Nonlinear harmonics of a seeded free-electron laser as a coherent and ultrafast probe to investigate matter at the water window and beyond Open

G. Penco, Giovanni Perosa, E. Allaria, L. Badano, Filippo Bencivenga , et al. · 2022

The advent of free-electron lasers (FELs) in the soft- and hard-x-ray spectral regions has introduced the possibility to probe electronic, magnetic, and structural dynamics, in both diluted and condensed matter samples, with femtosecond ti…

Extreme ultraviolet wave packet interferometry of the autoionizing HeNe dimer Open

D. Uhl, Andreas Wituschek, Rupert Michiels, Florian Trinter, T. Jahnke , et al. · 2022

Femtosecond extreme ultraviolet wave packet interferometry (XUV-WPI) was applied to study resonant inter-atomic Coulombic decay (ICD) in the HeNe dimer. The high demands on phase stability and sensitivity for vibronic XUV-WPI of molecular-…

Diffraction imaging of light induced dynamics in xenon-doped helium nanodroplets Open

Bruno Langbehn, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Andrew L. Clark, Marcello Coreno, Riccardo Cucini , et al. · 2022

We have explored the light induced dynamics in superfluid helium nanodroplets with wide-angle scattering in a pump-probe measurement scheme. The droplets are doped with xenon atoms to facilitate the ignition of a nanoplasma through irradia…

Improved stabilization scheme for extreme ultraviolet quantum interference experiments Open

Daniel Uhl, Andreas Wituschek, Ulrich Bangert, Marcel Binz, Carlo Callegari , et al. · 2022

Interferometric pump–probe experiments in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) domain are experimentally very challenging due to the high phase stability required between the XUV pulses. Recently, an efficient phase stabilization scheme was intro…

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