Carol Hoffman
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View article: Parenteral Vaccination with a Live Brucella melitensis Mutant Protects against Wild-Type B. melitensis 16M Challenge
Parenteral Vaccination with a Live Brucella melitensis Mutant Protects against Wild-Type B. melitensis 16M Challenge Open
Susceptibility to brucellosis remains prevalent, even in herds vaccinated with conventional vaccines. Efforts are underway to develop an improved brucellosis vaccine, and possibly a universal vaccine, given that Brucella species are highly…
View article: Treatment with a Lactococcus lactis that chromosomally express E. coli cfaI mitigates salivary flow loss in a Sjögren’s syndrome-like disease
Treatment with a Lactococcus lactis that chromosomally express E. coli cfaI mitigates salivary flow loss in a Sjögren’s syndrome-like disease Open
View article: A Single Nasal Dose Vaccination with a <i>Brucella abortus</i> Mutant Potently Protects against Pulmonary Infection
A Single Nasal Dose Vaccination with a <i>Brucella abortus</i> Mutant Potently Protects against Pulmonary Infection Open
The Brucella abortus double-mutant (ΔznuA ΔnorD Brucella abortus-lacZ [znBAZ]) was assessed for its protective efficacy after vaccination with a single nasal dose. Superior protection was achieved in znBAZ-vaccinated mice against pulmonary…
View article: Activation of mucosal immunity as a novel therapeutic strategy for combating brucellosis
Activation of mucosal immunity as a novel therapeutic strategy for combating brucellosis Open
Brucellosis is a disease of livestock that is commonly asymptomatic until an abortion occurs. Disease in humans results from contact of infected livestock or consumption of contaminated milk or meat. Brucella zoonosis is primarily caused b…
View article: Live mucosal vaccination stimulates potent protection via varied CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets against wild-type Brucella melitensis 16M challenge
Live mucosal vaccination stimulates potent protection via varied CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets against wild-type Brucella melitensis 16M challenge Open
Re-emerging zoonotic pathogen Brucella spp. continues to impact developing countries and persists in expanding populations of wildlife species in the US, constantly threatening infection of our domestic herds. The development of improved a…
View article: Extracellular vesicles elicit protective immune responses against <i>Salmonella</i> infection
Extracellular vesicles elicit protective immune responses against <i>Salmonella</i> infection Open
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) produced by antigen‐presenting cells represent a novel mechanism of cell‐to‐cell communication. The sEVs have been shown to drive Th1‐type adaptive immune responses against intracellular infections such …
View article: Oral probiotic promotes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase- and TGF-β–Producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells to initiate protection against type 1 diabetes
Oral probiotic promotes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase- and TGF-β–Producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells to initiate protection against type 1 diabetes Open
View article: Mucosal Vaccination Primes NK Cell-Dependent Development of CD8+ T Cells Against Pulmonary Brucella Infection
Mucosal Vaccination Primes NK Cell-Dependent Development of CD8+ T Cells Against Pulmonary Brucella Infection Open
Past studies with the live, double-mutant B. abortus (znBAZ) strain resulted in nearly complete protection of mice against pulmonary challenge with wild-type (wt) Brucella via a dominant CD8 + T cell response. To understand the contributio…
View article: Antigen-encapsulating host extracellular vesicles derived from Salmonella-infected cells stimulate pathogen-specific Th1-type responses in vivo
Antigen-encapsulating host extracellular vesicles derived from Salmonella-infected cells stimulate pathogen-specific Th1-type responses in vivo Open
Salmonella Typhimurium is a causative agent of nontyphoidal salmonellosis, for which there is a lack of a clinically approved vaccine in humans. As an intracellular pathogen, Salmonella impacts many cellular pathways. However, the intercel…
View article: Stimulation of regulatory T cells with Lactococcus lactis expressing enterotoxigenic E. coli colonization factor antigen 1 retains salivary flow in a genetic model of Sjögren’s syndrome
Stimulation of regulatory T cells with Lactococcus lactis expressing enterotoxigenic E. coli colonization factor antigen 1 retains salivary flow in a genetic model of Sjögren’s syndrome Open
View article: Nasal vaccination of β7 integrin‐deficient mice retains elevated IgA immunity
Nasal vaccination of β7 integrin‐deficient mice retains elevated IgA immunity Open
Understanding the migration of lymphocytes to nonintestinal mucosal sites is fundamental to developing mucosal vaccination strategies. Studies have shown that nasal and oral immunization with cholera toxin (CT) stimulates, in addition to α…
View article: Oral therapy with colonization factor antigen I prevents development of type 1 diabetes in Non-obese Diabetic mice
Oral therapy with colonization factor antigen I prevents development of type 1 diabetes in Non-obese Diabetic mice Open
View article: Targeting resident memory T cell immunity culminates in pulmonary and systemic protection against Brucella infection
Targeting resident memory T cell immunity culminates in pulmonary and systemic protection against Brucella infection Open
Brucellosis remains the most common zoonotic disease globally. Currently no vaccines for humans exist, and conventional brucellosis vaccines for livestock fail to confer complete protection; hence, an improved vaccine is needed. Although B…
View article: VirB10 vaccination for protection against Anaplasma phagocytophilum
VirB10 vaccination for protection against Anaplasma phagocytophilum Open
View article: Delivery of IL-35 by Lactococcus lactis Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice
Delivery of IL-35 by Lactococcus lactis Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice Open
IL-35, a relatively newly discovered cytokine belonging to the larger IL-12 family, shows unique anti-inflammatory properties, believed to be associated with dedicated receptors and signaling pathways. IL-35 plays a pivotal role in the dev…
View article: Alternative strategies for vaccination to brucellosis
Alternative strategies for vaccination to brucellosis Open
View article: Comparing Generations
Comparing Generations Open
Jody Woodruff, A Generational Difference: the Issue of Independence Susan Segal, Alone Deborah Shefler, Old War Limits and New World Opportunity Carol Hoffman, One Generation Away And Yet… Lenore Light, Fulfilling My Mother’s Wishes Joyce …
View article: Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction Acquiesces to BTLA+ Regulatory B Cells Subsequent to Oral Intervention in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction Acquiesces to BTLA+ Regulatory B Cells Subsequent to Oral Intervention in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Open
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) induced during autoimmunity often become quiescent and unable to resolve disease, suggesting inadequate activation. Resolution of established experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) can be achieved with m…
View article: Development of an Avirulent Salmonella Surrogate for Modeling Pathogen Behavior in Pre- and Postharvest Environments
Development of an Avirulent Salmonella Surrogate for Modeling Pathogen Behavior in Pre- and Postharvest Environments Open
Recurrent outbreaks of bacterial gastroenteritis linked to the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables highlight the paucity of understanding of the ecology of Salmonella enterica under crop production and postharvest conditions. These …
View article: A Standardized DNA Variant Scoring System for Pathogenicity Assessments in Mendelian Disorders
A Standardized DNA Variant Scoring System for Pathogenicity Assessments in Mendelian Disorders Open
We developed a rules-based scoring system to classify DNA variants into five categories including pathogenic, likely pathogenic, variant of uncertain significance (VUS), likely benign, and benign. Over 16,500 pathogenicity assessments on 1…