Explanipedia

Postmortem attentive behavior in leopard seals: insights into mother–pup interactions Open

Emily S. Sperou, Renato Borras‐Chavez, Daniel Torres, Gabriela B. Gomez, Carolina A. Bonin , et al. · 2025

Maternal behavior in mammals is critical for offspring survival and provides insight into the evolutionary pressures shaping reproductive strategies. Postmortem attentive behavior (PAB) is a rare form of epimeletic behavior in which indivi…

Individual Specialization in a Generalist Apex Predator: The Leopard Seal Open

Emily S. Sperou, Douglas J. Krause, Renato Borras‐Chavez, Patrick Charapata, Daniel P. Costa , et al. · 2025

Apex predators are typically considered dietary generalists, which often masks individual variability. However, individual specialization—consistent differences among individuals in resource use or ecological role—is common in apex predato…

Reference genome of the leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx), a Southern Ocean apex predator Open

Julia Canitz, Sarah S. Kienle, Klaus Linde, Renato Borras‐Chavez, Emily S. Sperou , et al. · 2025

Apex predators play a key role in maintaining ecosystem structure and functions (Ripple et al., 2014; Estes et al., 2016; Enquist et al., 2020). They exert top-down control on food webs, affecting nutrient and carbon cycles, modifying habi…

Seasonal patterns of mercury bioaccumulation in lobsters (Homarus americanus) from Maine Open

Dan Stoicov, Carolina A. Bonin, André J. van Wijnen, Eric A. Lewallen · 2025

Mercury (Hg) pollutes marine ecosystems and accumulates in benthic species. This ecological case study investigated the temporal accumulation of Hg in American lobster (Homarus americanus; H. Milne Edwards, 1837) from coastal Maine (Casco …

Occurrence, residency, and habitat characterization of leopard seals in Chile Open

Renato Borras‐Chavez, Rodrigo L. Soteres, Gabriela Gómez-González, Francisco Martínez, Nicolás Fernández-Ferrada , et al. · 2024

Leopard seals have traditionally been considered Antarctic predators with a Southern Ocean distribution. Historically, sightings north of the Antarctic Polar Front were considered extralimital. However, recent studies suggest a significant…

Genomic and fitness consequences of a near-extinction event in the northern elephant seal Open

Joseph I. Hoffman, David L. J. Vendrami, Kosmas Hench, Rebecca Shuhua Chen, Martin A. Stoffel , et al. · 2024

Understanding the genetic and fitness consequences of anthropogenic bottlenecks is crucial for biodiversity conservation. However, studies of bottlenecked populations combining genomic approaches with fitness data are rare. Theory predicts…

Avian influenza H5N1 threatens imperiled krill-dependent predators in Antarctica Open

Robert L. Brownell, Douglas J. Krause, Alastair M. M. Baylis, Carolina A. Bonin, Larissa Rosa de Oliveira , et al. · 2024

First paired observations of sexual behavior and calls in wild leopard seals Open

Sarah S. Kienle, Carolina A. Bonin, Gabriela B. Gomez, Michael E. Goebel, Marcelo Donke , et al. · 2024

Little is known about the reproductive biology of the leopard seal ( Hydrurga leptonyx ), a Southern Ocean predator. Here we observed sexual behavior in wild leopard seals in Laguna San Rafael, Chile during a 2 h courtship interaction betw…

Dysregulation of microRNAs may contribute to neurosensory impairment in Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) following CO2 exposure Open

Cara Schweitzer, Carolina A. Bonin, Christopher Magel, Thomas P. Hurst, Andrij Z. Horodysky · 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic markers with a key role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Several studies have described the dysregulation of miRNAs in temperature and hypoxic stress responses of marine organisms, but their role i…

Genetic diversity and demographic history of the leopard seal: A Southern Ocean top predator Open

Arona Bender, Douglas J. Krause, Michael E. Goebel, Joseph I. Hoffman, Eric A. Lewallen , et al. · 2023

Leopard seals ( Hydrurga leptonyx ) are top predators that can exert substantial top-down control of their Antarctic prey species. However, population trends and genetic diversity of leopard seals remain understudied, limiting our understa…

Population-level Patterns of Prostate Cancer Occurrence: Disparities in Virginia Open

Tunde Adebola, Herman Fennell, Michael D. Druitt, Carolina A. Bonin, Victoria A. Jenifer , et al. · 2022

The Rapid Population Collapse of a Key Marine Predator in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula Endangers Genetic Diversity and Resilience to Climate Change Open

Douglas J. Krause, Carolina A. Bonin, Michael E. Goebel, Christian S. Reiss, George M. Watters · 2022

Antarctic fur seals (AFS) are an ecologically important predator and a focal indicator species for ecosystem-based Antarctic fisheries management. This species suffered intensive anthropogenic exploitation until the early 1900s, but recolo…

Where are the beachmasters? Unexpectedly weak polygyny among southern elephant seals on a South Shetland Island Open

Hazel J. Nichols, B. Fuchs, A.J. Paijmans, G. Lewis, Carolina A. Bonin , et al. · 2021

Intraspecific variation in animal mating systems can have important implications for ecological, evolutionary and demographic processes in wild populations. For example, patterns of mating can impact social structure, dispersal, effective …

Where are the beachmasters? Unexpectedly weak polygyny among southern elephant seals on a South Shetland Island Open

Hazel J. Nichols, B. Fuchs, A.J. Paijmans, G. Lewis, Carolina A. Bonin , et al. · 2021

Intraspecific variation in animal mating systems can have important implications for ecological, evolutionary and demographic processes in wild populations. For example, patterns of mating can impact social structure, dispersal, effective …

Genetic Consequences of Dispersal, Philopatry and Reproductive Behaviors Open

Carolina A. Bonin · 2021

Otariid behaviors, such as decisions to disperse or return to breed at the natal site and certain reproductive behaviors, when repeated over generations, profoundly shape population ecological and evolutionary processes. In this chapter, g…

Habitat Preference and Behaviour of the Guiana Dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) in a Well-Preserved Estuary off Southern Brazil Open

Carolina A. Bonin, Eric A. Lewallen, André J. van Wijnen, Marta Jussara Cremer, Paulo C. Simões‐Lopes · 2017

Phylogenetics and biogeography of the two‐wing flyingfish (Exocoetidae: <i>Exocoetus</i>) Open

Eric A. Lewallen, Andrew J. Bohonak, Carolina A. Bonin, André J. van Wijnen, Robert L. Pitman , et al. · 2017

Two‐wing flyingfish ( Exocoetus spp .) are widely distributed, epipelagic, mid‐trophic organisms that feed on zooplankton and are preyed upon by numerous predators (e.g., tunas, dolphinfish, tropical seabirds), yet an understanding of thei…

Population Genetic Structure of the Tropical Two-Wing Flyingfish (Exocoetus volitans) Open

Eric A. Lewallen, Andrew J. Bohonak, Carolina A. Bonin, André J. van Wijnen, Robert L. Pitman , et al. · 2016

Delineating populations of pantropical marine fish is a difficult process, due to widespread geographic ranges and complex life history traits in most species. Exocoetus volitans, a species of two-winged flyingfish, is a good model for und…

The synovial microenvironment of osteoarthritic joints alters RNA-seq expression profiles of human primary articular chondrocytes Open

Eric A. Lewallen, Carolina A. Bonin, Xin Li, Jay Smith, Marcel Karperien , et al. · 2016

RNA‐seq analysis of clinical‐grade osteochondral allografts reveals activation of early response genes Open

Lin Yang, Eric A. Lewallen, Emily T. Camilleri, Carolina A. Bonin, Dakota L. Jones , et al. · 2016

Preservation of osteochondral allografts used for transplantation is critical to ensure favorable outcomes for patients after surgical treatment of cartilage defects. To study the biological effects of protocols currently used for cartilag…

Impacts of ecology and behavior on Antarctic fur seal remating and relatedness Open

Carolina A. Bonin, Michael E. Goebel, Gregory O’Corry-Crowe, Ronald S. Burton · 2016

Identification of differentially methylated regions in new genes associated with knee osteoarthritis Open

Carolina A. Bonin, Eric A. Lewallen, Saurabh Baheti, Elizabeth W. Bradley, Michael J. Stuart , et al. · 2015

Multi‐disciplinary antimicrobial strategies for improving orthopaedic implants to prevent prosthetic joint infections in hip and knee Open

Matthew A. Getzlaf, Eric A. Lewallen, Hilal Maradit Kremers, Dakota L. Jones, Carolina A. Bonin , et al. · 2015

Like any foreign object, orthopaedic implants are susceptible to infection when introduced into the human body. Without additional preventative measures, the absolute number of annual prosthetic joint infections will continue to rise, and …

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