Explanipedia

Deiodinases’ Inhibitors: A Double-Edged Sword Open

Lucia Acampora, Caterina Miro, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Monica Dentice, Annarita Nappi · 2025

The deiodinase enzymes are the gatekeepers of the peripheral Thyroid Hormone (TH) metabolism since they catalyze the activation of the prohormone Thyroxine (T4) into the active Triiodothyronine (T3), as well as their inactivation into meta…

Ursolic Acid-Based Nutraceutical Mitigates Muscle Atrophy and Improves Exercise Performance in Mouse Model of Peripheral Neuropathy Open

Caterina Miro, Fortuna Iannuzzo, Lucia Acampora, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi , et al. · 2025

Peripheral nerve injuries, caused by trauma or iatrogenic damage, often lead to permanent disabilities with limited effectiveness of current therapeutic treatments. This has driven the growing interest toward natural bioactive molecules, i…

Thyroid Hormone Activation Regulates the Crosstalk between Breast Cancer and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Open

Annarita Nappi, Vittoria D’Esposito, Caterina Miro, Alessia Parascandolo, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello , et al. · 2025

Background: Thyroid Hormones (THs) critically impact human cancer. Although endowed with both tumor-promoting and inhibiting effects in different cancer types, excess of THs has been linked to enhanced tumor growth and progression. Breast …

The thyroid hormone activating enzyme, DIO2, is a potential pan-cancer biomarker and immunotherapy target Open

Annarita Nappi, Caterina Miro, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Lucia Acampora , et al. · 2025

Obesity alters the fitness of peritumoral adipose tissue, exacerbating tumor invasiveness in renal cancer through the induction of <i>ADAM12</i> and <i>CYP1B1</i> Open

Sepehr Torabinejad, Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi, Francesco Del Giudice, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello , et al. · 2025

Obesity exacerbates the risk and aggressiveness of many types of cancer. Adipose tissue (AT) represents a prevalent component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and contributes to cancer development and progression. Reciprocal communicati…

Thyroid Hormone Activation Drives Fibroblast Identity and Tumor Remodeling in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Open

Emery Di Cicco, Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi, Lucia Acampora, Jovan Isma , et al. · 2025

AbaComplex Enhances Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Adipose Tissue Browning: Implications for Obesity and Glucose Regulation Open

Serena Sagliocchi, Elisabetta Schiano, Lucia Acampora, Fortuna Iannuzzo, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello , et al. · 2024

Adipose tissue, particularly white adipose tissue (WAT), plays a central role in energy storage and metabolic regulation. Excess WAT, especially visceral fat, is strongly linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. T…

Muscle PGC‐1α Overexpression Drives Metabolite Secretion Boosting Subcutaneous Adipocyte Browning Open

Caterina Miro, Ciro Menale, Lucia Acampora, Annarita Nappi, Serena Sagliocchi , et al. · 2024

Muscle and adipose tissue (AT) are in mutual interaction through the integration of endocrine and biochemical signals, thus regulating whole‐body function and physiology. Besides a traditional view of endocrine relationships that imply the…

Discovery of Novel Thiazole-Based SIRT2 Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents: Molecular Modeling, Chemical Synthesis and Biological Assays Open

Francesco Piacente, Giorgia Guccione, Naomi Scarano, Dario Lunaccio, Caterina Miro , et al. · 2024

The search and development of effective sirtuin small molecule inhibitors (SIRTIs) continues to draw great attention due to their wide range of pharmacological applications. Based on SIRTs’ involvement in different biological pathways, the…

Effects of thyroid hormones in skeletal muscle protein turnover Open

Annarita Nappi, C. Moriello, Maria Morgante, Ferdinando Fusco, Felice Crocetto , et al. · 2024

Thyroid hormones (THs) are critical regulators of muscle metabolism in both healthy and unhealthy conditions. Acting concurrently as powerful anabolic and catabolic factors, THs are endowed with a vital role in muscle mass maintenance. As …

Therapeutic Effect of an Ursolic Acid-Based Nutraceutical on Neuronal Regeneration after Sciatic Nerve Injury Open

Fortuna Iannuzzo, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Elisabetta Schiano, Annarita Nappi , et al. · 2024

Peripheral nerve injuries lead to severe functional impairments and long recovery times, with limited effectiveness and accessibility of current treatments. This has increased interest in natural bioactive compounds, such as ursolic acid (…

SIRT6 pharmacological inhibition delays skin cancer progression in the squamous cell carcinoma Open

Elena Abbotto, Caterina Miro, Francesco Piacente, Annalisa Salis, Melania Murolo , et al. · 2023

Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) has a critical role in cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC): SIRT6 silencing in skin SCC cells has pro-differentiating effects and SIRT6 deletion abrogated DMBA-TPA-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice. On the other han…

Thyroid Hormone Regulates the Lipid Content of Muscle Fibers, Thus Affecting Physical Exercise Performance Open

Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi, Serena Sagliocchi, Emery Di Cicco, Melania Murolo , et al. · 2023

Skeletal muscle (SkM) lipid composition plays an essential role in physiological muscle maintenance and exercise performance. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate muscle formation and fuel energy utilization by modulating carbohydrates and lipi…

The androgen-thyroid hormone crosstalk in prostate cancer and the clinical implications Open

Sepehr Torabinejad, Caterina Miro, Biagio Barone, Ciro Imbimbo, Felice Crocetto , et al. · 2023

There is increasing evidence that thyroid hormones (THs) work in an integrative fashion with androgen receptors (ARs) to regulate gonadal differentiation and reproductive function. Studies reveal that THs have interactions with the AR prom…

“Time” for obesity-related cancer: The role of the circadian rhythm in cancer pathogenesis and treatment Open

Caterina Miro, Annamaria Docimo, Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Simona Cernea , et al. · 2023

The circadian rhythm is regulated by an intrinsic time-tracking system, composed both of a central and a peripheral clock, which influences the cycles of activities and sleep of an individual over 24 h. At the molecular level, the circadia…

Loss of p53 activates thyroid hormone via type 2 deiodinase and enhances DNA damage Open

Annarita Nappi, Caterina Miro, Antonio Pezone, Alfonso Tramontano, Emery Di Cicco , et al. · 2023

Repositioning of Cefuroxime as novel selective inhibitor of the thyroid hormone activating enzyme type 2 deiodinase Open

Serena Sagliocchi, Melania Murolo, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi , et al. · 2023

The iodothyronine deiodinases constitute a family of three selenoenzymes regulating the intracellular metabolism of Thyroid Hormones (THs, T4 and T3) and impacting on several physiological processes, including energy metabolism, developmen…

Thyroid Hormone Receptor Isoforms Alpha and Beta Play Convergent Roles in Muscle Physiology and Metabolic Regulation Open

Annarita Nappi, Melania Murolo, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Emery Di Cicco , et al. · 2022

Skeletal muscle is a key energy-regulating organ, skilled in rapidly boosting the rate of energy production and substrate consumption following increased workload demand. The alteration of skeletal muscle metabolism is directly associated …

Thyroid hormone regulates glutamine metabolism and anaplerotic fluxes by inducing mitochondrial glutamate aminotransferase GPT2 Open

Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Annarita Nappi, Emery Di Cicco, Caterina Miro , et al. · 2022

(Cell Reports 38, 110409, February 22, 2022) Due to an oversight, in the originally published version of this article, the graphical abstract contained an error in which the arrow between GLN and GLU was in the wrong direction. The correct…

Thyroid hormone regulates glutamine metabolism and anaplerotic fluxes by inducing mitochondrial glutamate aminotransferase GPT2 Open

Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Annarita Nappi, Emery Di Cicco, Caterina Miro , et al. · 2022

Thyroid hormones (THs) are key metabolic regulators coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. In skeletal muscle, THs modulate energy metabolism in pathophysiological conditions. Indeed, hypo- and hyperthyroidism are leading causes o…

Quiescence and Self-Renewal of Stem Cells ¬require a Type 2-Deiodinase mediated cell-autonomous surge in intra-cellular Thyroid Hormone signalling Open

Maria De Stefano, Raffaele Ambrosio, Cristina Luongo, Tommaso Porcelli, Giuseppina Mancino , et al. · 2022

Stem cells are critical for the regeneration and homeostasis of adult tissues. Thyroid hormone (TH), whose intracellular concentration is increased by Type 2 deiodinases (D2), is implicated in multiple cell functions. While reduced TH leve…

Selective Inhibition of Genomic and Non-Genomic Effects of Thyroid Hormone Regulates Muscle Cell Differentiation and Metabolic Behavior Open

Annarita Nappi, Melania Murolo, Serena Sagliocchi, Caterina Miro, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello , et al. · 2021

Thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of different biological processes. Their action involves genomic and non-genomic mechanisms, which together mediate the final effects of TH in target tissues. However, the proportion of the two pro…

Thyroid Hormone Enhances Angiogenesis and the Warburg Effect in Squamous Cell Carcinomas Open

Caterina Miro, Annarita Nappi, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Emery Di Cicco, Serena Sagliocchi , et al. · 2021

Cancer angiogenesis is required to support energetic demand and metabolic stress, particularly during conditions of hypoxia. Coupled to neo-vasculogenesis, cancer cells rewire metabolic programs to sustain growth, survival and long-term ma…

Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma Harboring SMO p.Gln216Arg Mutation with Imiquimod: An Old Drug with New Results Open

Teresa Troiani, Stefania Napolitano, Gabriella Brancaccio, Valentina Belli, Annarita Nappi , et al. · 2021

Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer and its incidence is growing worldwide. In the last ten years, the therapeutic scenario of this disease has been revolutionized by the introduction of targeted therapies and immune-checkpoint…

Thyroid hormone action in epidermal development and homeostasis and its implications in the pathophysiology of the skin Open

Giuseppina Mancino, Caterina Miro, Emery Di Cicco, Monica Dentice · 2021

Thyroid Hormone Regulates Glutamine Metabolism and Anaplerotic Fluxes by Inducing Mitochondrial Glutamine Aminotransferase GPT2 Open

Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi, Annarita Nappi, Emery Di Cicco, Caterina Miro , et al. · 2021

The NANOG Transcription Factor Induces Type 2 Deiodinase Expression and Regulates the Intracellular Activation of Thyroid Hormone in Keratinocyte Carcinomas Open

Annarita Nappi, Emery Di Cicco, Caterina Miro, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Serena Sagliocchi , et al. · 2020

Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates the invasiveness and me…

Author Correction: Thyroid hormone induces progression and invasiveness of squamous cell carcinomas by promoting a ZEB-1/E-cadherin switch Open

Caterina Miro, Emery Di Cicco, Raffaele Ambrosio, Giuseppina Mancino, Daniela Di Girolamo , et al. · 2020

Thyroid hormone induces progression and invasiveness of squamous cell carcinomas by promoting a ZEB-1/E-cadherin switch Open

Caterina Miro, Emery Di Cicco, Raffaele Ambrosio, Giuseppina Mancino, Daniela Di Girolamo , et al. · 2019

The thyroid hormone activating enzyme, type 2 deiodinase, induces myogenic differentiation by regulating mitochondrial metabolism and reducing oxidative stress Open

Serena Sagliocchi, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Emery Di Cicco, Raffaele Ambrosio, Caterina Miro , et al. · 2019

Thyroid hormone (TH) is a key metabolic regulator that acts by coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. Accordingly, significant metabolic changes are observed depending on thyroid status. Although it is established that hyperthyroi…

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