Maxine Caws
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View article: Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcription regulation is associated with increased transmission and drug resistance
Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transcription regulation is associated with increased transmission and drug resistance Open
View article: The geospatial phylodynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Nepal and clinical phenotype of long COVID during the Delta-Omicron waves
The geospatial phylodynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Nepal and clinical phenotype of long COVID during the Delta-Omicron waves Open
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed gaps in global emerging infectious disease preparedness, particularly for countries with high levels of economic migration, such as Nepal. The Epidemic Intelligence project analysed SARS-CoV-2 genomic and epid…
View article: Evolution of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> transcription regulation is associated with increased transmission and drug resistance
Evolution of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> transcription regulation is associated with increased transmission and drug resistance Open
Summary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has co-evolved with humans for thousands of years causing variation in virulence, transmissibility, and disease phenotypes. To identify bacterial contributors to phenotypic diversity, we developed n…
View article: Effectiveness of menstrual hygiene management training to enhance knowledge, attitude, and practice among adolescents in Sindhupalchowk, Nepal
Effectiveness of menstrual hygiene management training to enhance knowledge, attitude, and practice among adolescents in Sindhupalchowk, Nepal Open
Background Menstrual Health (MH) knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) are highly affected by access to information regarding menstruation. Despite being included in the school curriculum, Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) education is…
View article: Exploring the intersectional psychosocial impact of epilepsy in Nepal: a gender lens approach
Exploring the intersectional psychosocial impact of epilepsy in Nepal: a gender lens approach Open
Introduction: Epilepsy impacts multiple aspects of the lives of people living with epilepsy (PLWE). We explored the psychosocial impact of the disease on the lives of PLWE in Nepal and the intersectionality of impacts with gender. Methods:…
View article: Healthcare providers’ and community stakeholders’ perception of using drones for tuberculosis diagnosis in Nepal: an exploratory qualitative study
Healthcare providers’ and community stakeholders’ perception of using drones for tuberculosis diagnosis in Nepal: an exploratory qualitative study Open
View article: Author response: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study
Author response: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study Open
View article: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study
Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis reduces bacterial killing, worsens treatment outcomes, and contributes to resistance. We studied rifampicin tolerance in isolates with or without isoniazid resistance (IR). Using a minimum…
View article: Author response: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Author response: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. Therefore, we investigated the rifampicin tolerance of M. tuberculosis isolates, with or withou…
View article: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. Therefore, we investigated the rifampicin tolerance of M. tuberculosis isolates, with or withou…
View article: Identification of bacterial determinants of tuberculosis infection and treatment outcomes: a phenogenomic analysis of clinical strains
Identification of bacterial determinants of tuberculosis infection and treatment outcomes: a phenogenomic analysis of clinical strains Open
National Health and Medical Research Council/A∗STAR, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the Wellcome Trust Fellowship in Public Health and Tropical Medicine.
View article: Towards universal health coverage in Vietnam: a mixed-method case study of enrolling people with tuberculosis into social health insurance
Towards universal health coverage in Vietnam: a mixed-method case study of enrolling people with tuberculosis into social health insurance Open
Background Vietnam’s primary mechanism of achieving sustainable funding for universal health coverage (UHC) and financial protection has been through its social health insurance (SHI) scheme. Steady progress towards access has been made an…
View article: Stigma, depression, and quality of life among people with pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed through active and passive case finding in Nepal: a prospective cohort study
Stigma, depression, and quality of life among people with pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed through active and passive case finding in Nepal: a prospective cohort study Open
View article: Genome-wide association study reveals a novel tuberculosis susceptibility locus in multiple East Asian and European populations
Genome-wide association study reveals a novel tuberculosis susceptibility locus in multiple East Asian and European populations Open
Background Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Past genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have explored TB susceptibility across various ethnic groups, yet a significant portion of TB he…
View article: Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Reviewer #3 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. There is limited understanding of antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis.…
View article: Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. There is limited understanding of antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis.…
View article: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. There is limited understanding of antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis.…
View article: Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. There is limited understanding of antibiotic tolerance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis.…
View article: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study
Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from a longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis reduces bacterial killing, worsens treatment outcomes, and contributes to resistance. We studied rifampicin tolerance in isolates with or without isoniazid resistance (IR). Using a minimum…
View article: A qualitative assessment on the acceptability of providing cash transfers and social health insurance for tuberculosis-affected families in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
A qualitative assessment on the acceptability of providing cash transfers and social health insurance for tuberculosis-affected families in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Open
To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal’s targets of universal health coverage (UHC) and poverty reduction, interventions are required that strengthen and harmonize both UHC and social protection. Vietnam is committed to achieving fina…
View article: Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study
Rifampicin tolerance and growth fitness among isoniazid-resistant clinical <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolates: an in-vitro longitudinal study Open
Antibiotic tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to less effective bacterial killing, poor treatment responses and resistant emergence. Therefore, we investigated the rifampicin tolerance of M. tuberculosis isolates, with or withou…
View article: Evolution and transmission of antibiotic resistance is driven by Beijing lineage <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in Vietnam
Evolution and transmission of antibiotic resistance is driven by Beijing lineage <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in Vietnam Open
A previous investigation has elucidated the landscape of Mtb genomic diversity and transmission dynamics in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Here, we expand the scope of this survey by adding a substantial number of additional genomes (total sam…
View article: Quantifying the potential epidemiological impact of a 2-year active case finding for tuberculosis in rural Nepal: a model-based analysis
Quantifying the potential epidemiological impact of a 2-year active case finding for tuberculosis in rural Nepal: a model-based analysis Open
Objectives Active case finding (ACF) is an important tuberculosis (TB) intervention in high-burden settings. However, empirical evidence garnered from field data has been equivocal about the long-term community-level impact, and more data …
View article: Comparing Additionality of Tuberculosis Cases Using GeneXpert or Smear-Based Active TB Case-Finding Strategies among Social Contacts of Index Cases in Nepal
Comparing Additionality of Tuberculosis Cases Using GeneXpert or Smear-Based Active TB Case-Finding Strategies among Social Contacts of Index Cases in Nepal Open
This study compares the yield and additionality of community-based active tuberculosis (TB) active case-finding strategies using either smear microscopy or GeneXpert as the TB diagnostic test. Active case-finding strategies screened social…
View article: Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to tuberculosis patient cost surveys using Nepalese data
Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches to tuberculosis patient cost surveys using Nepalese data Open
The World Health Organization has supported the development of national tuberculosis (TB) patient cost surveys to quantify the socio-economic impact of TB in high-burden countries. However, methodological differences in the study design (e…
View article: High-throughput phenogenotyping<i>of Mycobacteria tuberculosis</i>clinical strains reveals bacterial determinants of treatment outcomes
High-throughput phenogenotyping<i>of Mycobacteria tuberculosis</i>clinical strains reveals bacterial determinants of treatment outcomes Open
Background Combatting the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) necessitates a better understanding of the factors contributing to patient clinical outcomes and transmission. While host and environmental f…
View article: Development of treatment-decision algorithms for children evaluated for pulmonary tuberculosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Development of treatment-decision algorithms for children evaluated for pulmonary tuberculosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis Open
View article: Optimising diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis infection in community and primary care settings in two urban provinces of Viet Nam: a cohort study
Optimising diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis infection in community and primary care settings in two urban provinces of Viet Nam: a cohort study Open
Objectives To end tuberculosis (TB), the vast reservoir of 1.7–2.3 billion TB infections (TBIs) must be addressed, but achieving global TB preventive therapy (TPT) targets seems unlikely. This study assessed the feasibility of using interf…
View article: Protocol for the Addressing the Social Determinants and Consequences of Tuberculosis in Nepal (ASCOT) pilot trial
Protocol for the Addressing the Social Determinants and Consequences of Tuberculosis in Nepal (ASCOT) pilot trial Open
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization’s End TB (tuberculosis) Strategy advocates social and economic support for TB-affected households but evidence from low-income settings is scarce. We will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability…
View article: Protocol for the Addressing the Social Determinants and Consequences of Tuberculosis in Nepal (ASCOT) pilot trial
Protocol for the Addressing the Social Determinants and Consequences of Tuberculosis in Nepal (ASCOT) pilot trial Open
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization’s End TB (tuberculosis) Strategy advocates social and economic support for TB-affected households but evidence from low-income settings is scarce. We will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability…