Chad S. Clancy
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View article: A replicating RNA vaccine protects against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in mice
A replicating RNA vaccine protects against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in mice Open
View article: CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are not the main driver of Lassa fever pathogenesis in macaques
CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are not the main driver of Lassa fever pathogenesis in macaques Open
Empirical data from survivors of Lassa fever and experimental disease modeling efforts, particularly those using mouse models, are at odds with respect to T cell-mediated pathogenesis. In mice, T cells have been shown to be imperative in d…
View article: Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 is highly virulent for mice, rapidly causing acute pulmonary and neurologic disease
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 is highly virulent for mice, rapidly causing acute pulmonary and neurologic disease Open
View article: Increased contact transmission of contemporary Human H5N1 compared to Bovine and Mountain Lion H5N1 in a hamster model
Increased contact transmission of contemporary Human H5N1 compared to Bovine and Mountain Lion H5N1 in a hamster model Open
The ongoing outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in the U.S. poses a significant public health threat. To date, 70 human cases have been confirmed in the United States, including two severe cases and one…
View article: Single-dose VSV-Sudan virus vaccine protects from lethal Sudan virus infection within one week: a challenge study in macaques
Single-dose VSV-Sudan virus vaccine protects from lethal Sudan virus infection within one week: a challenge study in macaques Open
Summary Background The Sudan virus (SUDV) outbreaks in recent years including the ongoing outbreak in Uganda created a public health emergency beyond the Eastern Africa region. Currently, there are licensed countermeasures for Ebola virus …
View article: Jamaican fruit bats’ competence for Ebola but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences
Jamaican fruit bats’ competence for Ebola but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences Open
View article: A replicating RNA vaccine protects against lethal clade 2.3.4.4b influenza A H5N1 virus challenge in cynomolgus macaques
A replicating RNA vaccine protects against lethal clade 2.3.4.4b influenza A H5N1 virus challenge in cynomolgus macaques Open
In early 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H5N1 virus was detected in United States dairy cattle. While so far the public health threat of contemporary clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus strains remains low, continued …
View article: Lack of Lloviu Virus Disease Development in Ferret Model
Lack of Lloviu Virus Disease Development in Ferret Model Open
The first isolate of the emerging filovirus Lloviu virus (LLOV) was obtained in 2022. No animal disease models have been established. We assessed the pathogenic potential of LLOV in ferrets after intranasal, intramuscular, or aerosol expos…
View article: Requirement for Fc effector function is overcome by binding potency for broadly reactive anti-alphavirus antibodies
Requirement for Fc effector function is overcome by binding potency for broadly reactive anti-alphavirus antibodies Open
Alphaviruses are emerging public health threats. Broadly reactive anti-alphavirus monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been shown to be protective in mouse models of infection. However, the mechanism of Fc-dependent or Fc-independent heterolo…
View article: Jamaican fruit bats’ (<i>Artibeus jamaicensis</i>) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism
Jamaican fruit bats’ (<i>Artibeus jamaicensis</i>) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism Open
Summary Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV) are zoonotic filoviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans. Bat species in both Chiropteran suborders host filoviruses, suggesting that bats may have coevolved with this viral family…
View article: Recent Bovine HPAI H5N1 Isolate Is Highly Virulent For Mice, Rapidly Causing Acute Pulmonary And Neurologic Disease
Recent Bovine HPAI H5N1 Isolate Is Highly Virulent For Mice, Rapidly Causing Acute Pulmonary And Neurologic Disease Open
The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, responsible for the current outbreak in dairy cows in the United States, pose a significant animal and public health threat. In this study, we compared disease pr…
View article: Pathogenic differences of cynomolgus macaques after Taï Forest virus infection depend on the viral stock propagation
Pathogenic differences of cynomolgus macaques after Taï Forest virus infection depend on the viral stock propagation Open
Taï Forest virus (TAFV) is a negative-sense RNA virus in the Filoviridae family. TAFV has caused only a single human infection, but several disease outbreaks in chimpanzees have been linked to this virus. Limited research has been done on …
View article: Bacterial-induced or passively administered interferon gamma conditions the lung for early control of SARS-CoV-2
Bacterial-induced or passively administered interferon gamma conditions the lung for early control of SARS-CoV-2 Open
Type-1 and type-3 interferons (IFNs) are important for control of viral replication; however, less is known about the role of Type-2 IFN (IFNγ) in anti-viral immunity. We previously observed that lung infection with Mycobacterium bovis BCG…
View article: Immunological correlates of protection afforded by PHV02 live, attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccine against Nipah virus disease
Immunological correlates of protection afforded by PHV02 live, attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccine against Nipah virus disease Open
Introduction Immune correlates of protection afforded by PHV02, a recombinant vesicular stomatitis (rVSV) vector vaccine against Nipah virus (NiV) disease, were investigated in the African green monkey (AGM) model. Neutralizing antibody to…
View article: Histopathologic Characterization of Experimental Peracute SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Syrian Hamster
Histopathologic Characterization of Experimental Peracute SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Syrian Hamster Open
Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) initiated a global pandemic that thus far has resulted in the death of over 6.5 million people internationally. Understanding the viral tropism during the initial, subclinical phase of infecti…
View article: Genetically diverse mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection reproduce clinical variation in type I interferon and cytokine responses in COVID-19
Genetically diverse mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection reproduce clinical variation in type I interferon and cytokine responses in COVID-19 Open
View article: Single-dose VSV-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques from disease after Taï Forest virus infection
Single-dose VSV-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques from disease after Taï Forest virus infection Open
Taï Forest virus (TAFV) is a lesser-known ebolavirus that causes lethal infections in chimpanzees and is responsible for a single human case. Limited research has been done on this human pathogen; however, with the recent emergence of filo…
View article: Pre-existing interferon gamma conditions the lung to mediate early control of SARS-CoV-2
Pre-existing interferon gamma conditions the lung to mediate early control of SARS-CoV-2 Open
Interferons (IFNs) are critical for anti-viral host defence. Type-1 and type-3 IFNs are typically associated with early control of viral replication and promotion of inflammatory immune responses; however, less is known about the role of I…
View article: Establishing a Mouse Model for Sexual Transmission and Male Reproductive Tract Persistence of Ebola Virus
Establishing a Mouse Model for Sexual Transmission and Male Reproductive Tract Persistence of Ebola Virus Open
Ebola virus disease (EVD) has resulted in the death of over 15 000 people since its discovery in 1976. At least 1 incident of re-emergence of EVD has been associated with persistent male reproductive tract infection in a patient surviving …
View article: Rapid protection of nonhuman primates against Marburg virus disease using a single low-dose VSV-based vaccine
Rapid protection of nonhuman primates against Marburg virus disease using a single low-dose VSV-based vaccine Open
This work was funded by the Intramural Research Program NIAID, NIH.
View article: Helminth exposure protects against murine SARS-CoV-2 infection through macrophage dependent T cell activation
Helminth exposure protects against murine SARS-CoV-2 infection through macrophage dependent T cell activation Open
Summary Helminth endemic regions report lower COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Here, we show that lung remodeling from a prior infection with a lung migrating helminth, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis , enhances viral clearance and survival …
View article: Protection from COVID-19 with a VSV-based vaccine expressing the spike and nucleocapsid proteins
Protection from COVID-19 with a VSV-based vaccine expressing the spike and nucleocapsid proteins Open
Successful vaccine efforts countering the COVID-19 pandemic are centralized around the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein as viral antigen and have greatly reduced the morbidity and mortality ass…
View article: Accelerated DNA vaccine regimen provides protection against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus challenge in a macaque model
Accelerated DNA vaccine regimen provides protection against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus challenge in a macaque model Open
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is widely distributed throughout Africa, the Middle East, Southern Asia, and Southern and Eastern Europe. Spread by Hyalomma ticks or by contact with infected animals, CCHF begins non-specifica…
View article: Rapid protection of nonhuman primates against Marburg virus disease using a single low-dose VSV-based vaccine
Rapid protection of nonhuman primates against Marburg virus disease using a single low-dose VSV-based vaccine Open
Marburg virus (MARV) is the causative agent of Marburg virus disease (MVD) which has a case fatality rate up to ~90% in humans. Recently, there were cases reported in Guinea and Ghana highlighting this virus as a high-consequence pathogen …
View article: Replicating RNA platform enables rapid response to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and elicits enhanced protection in naïve hamsters compared to ancestral vaccine
Replicating RNA platform enables rapid response to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and elicits enhanced protection in naïve hamsters compared to ancestral vaccine Open
View article: Zika virus vertical transmission in interferon receptor1-antagonized Rag1−/− mice results in postnatal brain abnormalities and clinical disease
Zika virus vertical transmission in interferon receptor1-antagonized Rag1−/− mice results in postnatal brain abnormalities and clinical disease Open
View article: VSV-Based Vaccines Reduce Virus Shedding and Viral Load in Hamsters Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern
VSV-Based Vaccines Reduce Virus Shedding and Viral Load in Hamsters Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Open
The continued progression of the COVID-19 pandemic can partly be attributed to the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to mutate and introduce new viral variants. Some of these variants with the potential to spread quickly and conquer the globe are term…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 reinfection prevents acute respiratory disease in Syrian hamsters but not replication in the upper respiratory tract
SARS-CoV-2 reinfection prevents acute respiratory disease in Syrian hamsters but not replication in the upper respiratory tract Open
Human cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have been documented throughout the pandemic, but are likely under-reported. In the current study, we use the Syrian hamster SARS-CoV-2 model to assess reinfection with homologous WA1 and heterologous …
View article: Replicating RNA platform enables rapid response to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and elicits enhanced protection in naïve hamsters compared to ancestral vaccine
Replicating RNA platform enables rapid response to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and elicits enhanced protection in naïve hamsters compared to ancestral vaccine Open
In late 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern (VoC) was reported with many mutations in the viral spike protein that were predicted to enhance transmissibility and allow viral escape of neutralizing antibodies. Within…
View article: Rapid Protection from COVID-19 in Nonhuman Primates Vaccinated Intramuscularly but Not Intranasally with a Single Dose of a Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Vaccine
Rapid Protection from COVID-19 in Nonhuman Primates Vaccinated Intramuscularly but Not Intranasally with a Single Dose of a Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Vaccine Open
The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vaccine platform rose to fame in 2019, when a VSV-based Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine was approved by the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for human use against the deadl…