Explanipedia

Joint Beamforming and Position Design for Movable Antenna Assisted LEO ISAC Systems Open

Hanfu Zhang, Erwu Liu · 2025

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite-assisted integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) systems have been extensively studied to achieve ubiquitous connectivity. However, the severe signal attenuation and limited transmit power at LEO satell…

LAPA-based Dynamic Privacy Optimization for Wireless Federated Learning in Heterogeneous Environments Open

Pengcheng Sun, Erwu Liu, Wei Ni, Rui Wang, Yuanzhe Geng , et al. · 2025

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm based on protecting data privacy of devices, which however, can still be broken by gradient leakage attack via parameter inversion techniques. Differential privacy (DP) tec…

Through-the-Earth Magnetic Induction Communication and Networking: A Comprehensive Survey Open

Honglei Ma, Erwu Liu, Wei Ni, Zhijun Fang, Rui Wang , et al. · 2025

Magnetic induction (MI) communication (MIC) has emerged as a promising candidate for underground communication networks due to its excellent penetration capabilities. Integration with Space-Air-Ground-Underground (SAGUI) networks in next-g…

Multi-Continental Healthcare Modelling Using Blockchain-Enabled Federated Learning Open

Rui Sun, Zhipeng Wang, Hengrui Zhang, Ming Jiang, Yizhe Wen , et al. · 2024

One of the biggest challenges of building artificial intelligence (AI) model in the healthcare area is the data sharing. Since healthcare data is private, sensitive, and heterogeneous, collecting sufficient data for modelling is exhausting…

A Mathematical Theory of Hyper-simplex Fractal Network for Blockchain: Part I Open

Kaiwen Yang, Hao Xu, Yunqing Sun, Jiacheng Qian, Zihan Zhou , et al. · 2024

Blockchain technology holds promise for Web 3.0, but scalability remains a critical challenge. Here, we present a mathematical theory for a novel blockchain network topology based on fractal N-dimensional simplexes. This Hyper-simplex frac…

Blockchain-Enabled IoV: Secure Communication and Trustworthy Decision-Making Open

Jingyi Sun, Qi Shi, Guodong Jin, Hao Xu, Erwu Liu · 2024

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV), which enables interactions between vehicles, infrastructure, and the environment, faces challenges in maintaining communication security and reliable automated decisions. This paper introduces a decentralize…

Fast-Fading Channel and Power Optimization of the Magnetic Inductive Cellular Network Open

Honglei Ma, Erwu Liu, Zhijun Fang, Rui Wang, Yongbin Gao , et al. · 2024

The cellular network of magnetic Induction (MI) communication holds promise in long-distance underground environments. In the traditional MI communication, there is no fast-fading channel since the MI channel is treated as a quasi-static c…

Balancing Performance and Cost for Two-Hop Cooperative Communications: Stackelberg Game and Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Open

Yuanzhe Geng, Erwu Liu, Wei Ni, Rui Wang, Liu Yan , et al. · 2024

This paper aims to balance performance and cost in a two-hop wireless cooperative communication network where the source and relays have contradictory optimization goals and make decisions in a distributed manner. This differs from most ex…

BeerReview: A Blockchain-enabled Peer Review Platform Open

Guodong Jin, Zihan Zhou, Wenzheng Tang, Kanglei Yu, Hao Xu , et al. · 2024

In an era of increasing concerns over intellectual property rights, traditional peer review systems face challenges including plagiarism, malicious attacks, and unauthorized data access. BeerReview, a blockchain-enabled peer review platfor…

Dual-Segment Clustering Strategy for Hierarchical Federated Learning in Heterogeneous Wireless Environments Open

Pengcheng Sun, Erwu Liu, Wei Ni, Kanglei Yu, Rui Wang , et al. · 2024

Non-independent and identically distributed (Non- IID) data adversely affects federated learning (FL) while heterogeneity in communication quality can undermine the reliability of model parameter transmission, potentially degrading wireles…

BeACONS: A Blockchain-enabled Authentication and Communications Network for Scalable IoV Open

Qi Shi, Jingyi Sun, Hanwei Fu, Peizhe Fu, Jiayuan Ma , et al. · 2024

This paper introduces a novel blockchain-enabled authentication and communications network for scalable Internet of Vehicles, which aims to bolster security and confidentiality, diminish communications latency, and reduce dependence on cen…

SNR Maximization and Localization for UAV-IRS-Assisted Near-Field Systems Open

Hanfu Zhang, Yewen Mei, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang · 2024

This letter introduces a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) structure into near-field localization systems to enhance the design flexibility of IRS, thereby obtaining additional performance gains. Spec…

A SER-based Device Selection Mechanism in Multi-bits Quantization Federated Learning Open

Pengcheng Sun, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang · 2024

The quality of wireless communication will directly affect the performance of federated learning (FL), so this paper analyze the influence of wireless communication on FL through symbol error rate (SER). In FL system, non-orthogonal multip…

Blockchain for finance: A survey Open

Hanjie Wu, Qian Yao, Zhenguang Liu, Butian Huang, Yuan Zhuang , et al. · 2024

As an innovative technology for enhancing authenticity, security, and risk management, blockchain is being widely adopted in trade and finance systems. The unique capabilities of blockchain, such as immutability and transparency, enable ne…

Blockchain for Finance: A Survey Open

Hanjie Wu, Qian Yao, Zhenguang Liu, Butian Huang, Yuan Zhuang , et al. · 2024

As an innovative technology for enhancing authenticity, security, and risk management, blockchain is being widely adopted in trade and finance systems. The unique capabilities of blockchain, such as immutability and transparency, enable ne…

Multi-User Tracking in Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Near-Field Wireless Communications System Open

Yidan Mei, Rui Wang, Erwu Liu, Ismael Soto · 2023

An uplink multi-user tracking problem aided by multiple passive reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) is addressed in this work. Under a near-field circumstance, a multi-antenna base station (BS) localizes multiple moving single-anten…

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Localization in OFDM Systems with Carrier Frequency Offset and Phase Noise Open

Hanfu Zhang, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Zhe Xing, Yan Liu · 2023

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication systems have been extensively studied for providing high-precision location services. However, most studies have overlooked the impact of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and ph…

Personalized federated learning via directed acyclic graph based blockchain Open

Chenglong Huang, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Yan Liu, Hanfu Zhang , et al. · 2023

Common federated learning (FL) lacks consideration of clients' personalized requirements, which performs poorly for the scenario with data and resource heterogeneity. In order to overcome the challenge of heterogeneous characteristics, thi…

When Web 3.0 Meets Reality: A Hyperdimensional Fractal Polytope P2P Ecosystems Open

Hao Xu, Yunqing Sun, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Erwu Liu, I Chih‐Lin · 2023

Web 3.0 opens the world of new existence of the crypto-network-entity, which is independently defined by the public key pairs for entities and the connection to the Web 3.0 cyberspace. In this paper, we first discover a spacetime coordinat…

Reinforcement Learning Based Robust Policy Design for Relay and Power Optimization in DF Relaying Networks Open

Yuanzhe Geng, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Pengcheng Sun, Binyu Lu · 2022

In this paper, we study the outage minimization problem in a decode-and-forward cooperative network with relay uncertainty. To reduce the outage probability and improve the quality of service, existing researches usually rely on the assump…

Blockchain‐based indoor location paging and answering service with truncated‐geo‐indistinguishability Open

Changxin Yang, Xuan Ju, Erwu Liu, Yuanzhe Geng, Rui Wang · 2021

Indoor location‐based services have numerous applications built on indoor navigation. Over the years, researchers have proposed various indoor navigation methods to find a certain point of interest. This paper proposes location paging and …

Blockchain-Based Federated Learning in Mobile Edge Networks with Application in Internet of Vehicles Open

Rui Wang, Heju Li, Erwu Liu · 2021

The rapid increase of the data scale in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) system paradigm, hews out new possibilities in boosting the service quality for the emerging applications through data sharing. Nevertheless, privacy concerns are major bot…

Joint Location and Communication Study for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Wireless Communication System Open

Rui Wang, Zhe Xing, Erwu Liu · 2021

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a novel burgeoning concept, which possesses advantages in enhancing wireless communication and user localization, while maintaining low hardware cost and energy consumption. Herein, we establish an I…

Welcome message from the Editors‐in‐Chief Open

Erwu Liu, My T. Thai · 2021

Welcome to IET Blockchain. It is a great pleasure and privilege to serve as its Founding Editors-in-Chief. Together with IET Chief Executive Nigel Fine, we announced the launch of IET Blockchain in the World Artificial Intelligence Confere…

Passive Beamforming Design and Channel Estimation for IRS Communication System with Few-Bit ADCs Open

Jingnan Li, Rui Wang, Erwu Liu · 2021

Utilizing intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) was proven to be efficient in improving the energy efficiency for wireless networks. In this paper, we investigate the passive beamforming and channel estimation for IRS assisted wireless comm…

Asymptotic Achievability of the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound of Channel Estimation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Communication Systems Open

Yiming Liu, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Zhu Han, Binyu Lu · 2020

To achieve the joint active and passive beamforming gains in the reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted millimeter wave system, the reflected cascade channel needs to be accurately estimated. Many strategies have been proposed in the …

Asymptotic Achievability of the Cram\'er-Rao Lower Bound of Channel Estimation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Communication System Open

Yiming Liu, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Zhu Han, Binyu Lu · 2020

To achieve the joint active and passive beamforming gains in the reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted millimeter wave system, the reflected cascade channel needs to be accurately estimated. Many strategies have been proposed in the …

Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Relay Selection and Power Allocation in Cooperative Communication Network Open

Yuanzhe Geng, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Yiming Liu, Jie Wang , et al. · 2020

Perfect channel state information (CSI) is usually required when considering relay selection and power allocation in cooperative communication. However, it is difficult to get an accurate CSI in practical situations. In this letter, we stu…

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Relay Selection and Power Optimization in Two-Hop Cooperative Relay Network Open

Yuanzhe Geng, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Yiming Liu · 2020

Cooperative communication is an effective approach to improve spectrum utilization. In order to reduce outage probability of communication system, most studies propose various schemes for relay selection and power allocation, which are bas…

Dynamic Relay Selection and Power Allocation for Minimizing Outage Probability: A Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning Approach. Open

Yuanzhe Geng, Erwu Liu, Rui Wang, Yiming Liu · 2020

Cooperative communication is an effective approach to improve spectrum utilization. When considering relay selection and power allocation in cooperative communication, most of the existing studies require the assumption of channel state in…

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