Explanipedia

Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses Open

Samuel Wilks, Barbara Mühlemann, Xiaoying Shen, Sina Türeli, Eric B. LeGresley , et al. · 2023

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, multiple variants escaping preexisting immunity emerged, causing reinfections of previously exposed individuals. Here, we used antigenic cartography to analy…

Stochastic Interventional Vaccine Efficacy and Principal Surrogate Analyses of Antibody Markers as Correlates of Protection against Symptomatic COVID-19 in the COVE mRNA-1273 Trial Open

Ying Huang, Nima S. Hejazi, Bryan S. Blette, Lindsay N. Carpp, David Benkeser , et al. · 2023

The COVE trial randomized participants to receive two doses of mRNA-1273 vaccine or placebo on Days 1 and 29 (D1, D29). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG binding antibodies (bAbs), anti-receptor binding domain IgG bAbs, 50% inhibitory dilution neu…

Comparing antibody assays as correlates of protection against COVID-19 in the COVE mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy trial Open

David Benkeser, David C. Montefiori, Adrian B. McDermott, Youyi Fong, Holly Janes , et al. · 2023

The best assay or marker to define mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies as a correlate of protection (CoP) is unclear. In the COVE trial, participants received two doses of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine or placebo. We previously assessed …

Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses Open

Samuel Wilks, Barbara Mühlemann, Xiaoying Shen, Sina Türeli, Eric B. LeGresley , et al. · 2022

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, multiple variants escaping pre-existing immunity emerged, causing concerns about continued protection. Here, we use antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cross-reactivity among a panel of 21 variants …

Immune correlates analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial Open

Peter B. Gilbert, David C. Montefiori, Adrian B. McDermott, Youyi Fong, David Benkeser , et al. · 2022

Antibody levels predict vaccine efficacy Symptomatic COVID-19 infection can be prevented by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines. A “correlate of protection” is a molecular biomarker to measure how much imm…

Booster of mRNA-1273 Strengthens SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Neutralization Open

Nicole A. Doria‐Rose, Xiaoying Shen, Stephen D. Schmidt, Sijy O’Dell, Charlene McDanal , et al. · 2021

The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is raising concerns because of its increased transmissibility and potential for reduced susceptibility to antibody neutralization. To assess the potential risk of this variant to existing vaccines, serum s…

Calibration of two validated SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus neutralization assays for COVID-19 vaccine evaluation Open

Yunda Huang, Oleg Borisov, Jia Jin Kee, Lindsay N. Carpp, Terri Wrin , et al. · 2021

COVA1-18 neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 in three preclinical models Open

Pauline Maisonnasse, Yoann Aldon, Aurélien Marc, Romain Marlin, Nathalie Dereuddre‐Bosquet , et al. · 2021

Calibration of Two Validated SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Neutralization Assays for COVID-19 Vaccine Evaluation Open

Yunda Huang, Oleg Borisov, Jia Jin Kee, Lindsay N. Carpp, Terri Wrin , et al. · 2021

Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are key biomarkers considered to be associated with vaccine efficacy. In United States Government-sponsored phase 3 efficacy trials of COVID-19 vaccines, nAbs are measured by two different val…

Calibration of Two Validated SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirus Neutralization Assays for COVID-19 Vaccine Evaluation Open

Yunda Huang, Oleg Borisov, Jia Jin Kee, Lindsay N. Carpp, Terri Wrin , et al. · 2021

Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are key biomarkers considered to be associated with vaccine efficacy. In United States Government-sponsored phase 3 efficacy trials of COVID-19 vaccines, nAbs are measured by two different val…

Immune Correlates Analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy Trial Open

Peter B. Gilbert, David C. Montefiori, Adrian B. McDermott, Youyi Fong, David Benkeser , et al. · 2021

Background In the Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) trial, estimated mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy against coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) was 94%. SARS-CoV-2 antibody measurements were assessed as correlates of COVID-19 risk and as correlates of…

Immune correlates of protection by mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates Open

Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Martha Nason, Britta Flach, Matthew Gagné, Sarah O’Connell , et al. · 2021

Antibodies dovetail with protection Immune correlates of protection are clinical end points used to gauge vaccine-induced immunogenicity and protection. Corbett et al . studied nonhuman primate (NHP) immune responses to various doses of th…

In vitro and in vivo functions of SARS-CoV-2 infection-enhancing and neutralizing antibodies Open

Dapeng Li, Robert J. Edwards, Kartik Manne, David R. Martinez, Alexandra Schäfer , et al. · 2021

SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against COVID-19. A concern regarding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is whether they mediate disease enhancement. Here, we isolated NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal …

In vitro and in vivo functions of SARS-CoV-2 infection-enhancing and neutralizing antibodies Open

Dapeng Li, Robert J. Edwards, Kartik Manne, David R. Martinez, Alexandra Schäfer , et al. · 2021

Immune Correlates of Protection by mRNA-1273 Immunization against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Nonhuman Primates Open

Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Martha Nason, Britta Flach, Matthew Gagné, Sarah O’ Connell , et al. · 2021

Immune correlates of protection can be used as surrogate endpoints for vaccine efficacy. The nonhuman primate (NHP) model of SARS-CoV-2 infection replicates key features of human infection and may be used to define immune correlates of pro…

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral spike vaccines Open

Xiaoying Shen, Haili Tang, Charlene McDanal, Kshitij Wagh, Will Fischer , et al. · 2021

COVA1-18 neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 in three preclinical models Open

Pauline Maisonnasse, Yoann Aldon, Aurélien Marc, Romain Marlin, Nathalie Dereuddre‐Bosquet , et al. · 2021

One year into the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), effective treatments are still needed^1–3. Monoclonal antibodies, given alone or as part of a …

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 is susceptible to neutralizing antibodies elicited by ancestral Spike vaccines Open

Xiaoying Shen, Haili Tang, Charlene McDanal, Kshitij Wagh, Will Fischer , et al. · 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein mediates virus entry and is a major target for neutralizing antibodies. All current vaccines are based on the ancestral Spike with the goal of generating a protective neutralizing antibody response. Severa…

The functions of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing and infection-enhancing antibodies in vitro and in mice and nonhuman primates Open

Dapeng Li, Robert J. Edwards, Kartik Manne, David R. Martinez, Alexandra Schäfer , et al. · 2021

Summary SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against COVID-19. A concern regarding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is whether they mediate disease enhancement. Here, we isolated NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-t…

SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.7 is Susceptible to Neutralizing Antibodies Elicited by Ancestral Spike Vaccines Open

Xiaoying Shen, Haili Tang, Charlene McDanal, Kshitij Wagh, Will Fischer , et al. · 2021

D614G Spike Mutation Increases SARS CoV-2 Susceptibility to Neutralization Open

Drew Weissman, Mohamad‐Gabriel Alameh, Thushan I. de Silva, Paul Collini, Hailey Hornsby , et al. · 2020

D614G Spike Mutation Increases SARS CoV-2 Susceptibility to Neutralization Open

Drew Weissman, Mohamad‐Gabriel Alameh, Thushan I. de Silva, Paul Collini, Hailey Hornsby , et al. · 2020

Summary The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein acquired a D614G mutation early in the COVID-19 pandemic that appears to confer on the virus greater infectivity and is now the globally dominant form of the virus. Certain of the current vaccines enter…

Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus Open

Bette Korber, Will Fischer, S. Gnanakaran, Hyejin Yoon, James Theiler , et al. · 2020

Structural Basis for Inhibitor-Induced Aggregation of HIV Integrase Open

Kushol Gupta, Vesa Turkki, Scott Sherrill-Mix, Young Sun Hwang, Grant Eilers , et al. · 2016

The allosteric inhibitors of integrase (termed ALLINIs) interfere with HIV replication by binding to the viral-encoded integrase (IN) protein. Surprisingly, ALLINIs interfere not with DNA integration but with viral particle assembly late d…

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