Chang Cai
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View article: Galactic cosmic rays, propagation, gamma-rays and neutrinos
Galactic cosmic rays, propagation, gamma-rays and neutrinos Open
Plenary talk presented at the XXI International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes - Padova 29 September - 3 October 2025 (https://agenda.infn.it/event/44606/)
View article: Precise measurements of the cosmic ray proton energy spectrum in the “knee” region
Precise measurements of the cosmic ray proton energy spectrum in the “knee” region Open
We report the high-purity identification of cosmic-ray (CR) protons and a precise measurement of their energy spectrum from 0.15 to 12 PeV using the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Abundant event statistics, combined w…
View article: Energy calibration of LHAASO-KM2A using the cosmic ray Moon shadow
Energy calibration of LHAASO-KM2A using the cosmic ray Moon shadow Open
We present a precise measurement of the westward, rigidity-dependent shift of the Moon's shadow using three and a half years of cosmic-ray data collected by the Kilometer Square Array (KM2A) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observator…
View article: Radiation Effects of Advanced Electronic Devices and Circuits, 2nd Edition
Radiation Effects of Advanced Electronic Devices and Circuits, 2nd Edition Open
In recent years, the expanding use of advanced electronics in harsh radiation environments has heightened reliability demands, prompting extensive research into radiation-effect modeling and advanced radiation hardening design methodologie…
View article: Research on Signal Processing Algorithms Based on Wearable Laser Doppler Devices
Research on Signal Processing Algorithms Based on Wearable Laser Doppler Devices Open
Wearable laser Doppler devices are susceptible to complex noise interferences, such as Gaussian white noise, baseline drift, and motion artifacts, with motion artifacts significantly impacting clinical diagnostic accuracy. Addressing the l…
View article: Versatile and Robust Reservoir Computing with PWM‐Driven Heterogenous <i>R</i> – <i>C</i> Circuits
Versatile and Robust Reservoir Computing with PWM‐Driven Heterogenous <i>R</i> – <i>C</i> Circuits Open
Physical reservoir computing (PRC) holds great promise for low‐latency, energy‐efficient information processing, yet current implementations often suffer from limited flexibility, adaptability, and environmental stability. Here, a PRC syst…
View article: Research of hardening strategies based on the single event effect induced by atmospheric-like neutrons
Research of hardening strategies based on the single event effect induced by atmospheric-like neutrons Open
This paper proposes a robust Error Correcting Code (ECC) hardening strategy to mitigate soft errors for Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) based Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) system in a radiation environment. The ECC hardening st…
View article: Constraining the Cosmic-ray Energy Based on Observations of Nearby Galaxy Clusters by LHAASO
Constraining the Cosmic-ray Energy Based on Observations of Nearby Galaxy Clusters by LHAASO Open
Galaxy clusters act as reservoirs of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs). As CRs propagate through the intracluster medium, they generate diffuse $γ$-rays detectable by arrays such as LHAASO. These $γ$-rays result from proton-proton ($pp$) colli…
View article: Radiation Effects of Advanced Electronic Devices and Circuits
Radiation Effects of Advanced Electronic Devices and Circuits Open
Research on the effects of radiation on advanced electronic devices and integrated circuits has experienced rapid growth over the last few years, resulting in many approaches being developed for the modeling of radiation’s effects and the …
View article: Research on the Icing Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Blades Based on FS–XGBoost–EWMA
Research on the Icing Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Blades Based on FS–XGBoost–EWMA Open
In winter, wind turbines are susceptible to blade icing, which results in a series of energy losses and safe operation problems.Therefore, blade icing detection has become a top priority.Conventional methods primarily rely on sensor monito…
View article: Review of Data-Driven Approaches for Wind Turbine Blade Icing Detection
Review of Data-Driven Approaches for Wind Turbine Blade Icing Detection Open
Onshore wind turbines are primarily installed in high-altitude areas with good wind energy resources. However, in winter, the blades are easy to ice, which will seriously impact their aerodynamic performance, as well as the power and servi…
View article: SEU Tolerance Efficiency of Multiple Layout-Hardened 28 nm DICE D Flip-Flops
SEU Tolerance Efficiency of Multiple Layout-Hardened 28 nm DICE D Flip-Flops Open
Three layout-hardened Dual Interlocked Storage Cell (DICE) D Flip-Flops (DFFs) were designed and manufactured based on an advanced 28 nm planar technology. The systematic vertical and tilt heavy ion irradiations demonstrated that the DICE …
View article: A Security-Enhanced Image Communication Scheme Using Cellular Neural Network
A Security-Enhanced Image Communication Scheme Using Cellular Neural Network Open
In the current network and big data environment, the secure transmission of digital images is facing huge challenges. The use of some methodologies in artificial intelligence to enhance its security is extremely cutting-edge and also a dev…
View article: Evaluation Method of Heavy-Ion-Induced Single-Event Upset in 3D-Stacked SRAMs
Evaluation Method of Heavy-Ion-Induced Single-Event Upset in 3D-Stacked SRAMs Open
The interaction of radiation with three-dimensional (3D) electronic devices can be determined through the detection of single-event effects (SEU). In this study, we propose a method for the evaluation of SEUs in 3D static random-access mem…
View article: Characterization of Heavy Ion Induced SET Features in 22-nm FD-SOI Testing Circuits
Characterization of Heavy Ion Induced SET Features in 22-nm FD-SOI Testing Circuits Open
With device scaling-down, circuits appear more susceptible to transient faults especially for the bulk silicon process. Thus, FD-SOI technology has been widely popular in serious radiation environment due to its high radiation-tolerance in…
View article: SEE Sensitivity Evaluation for Commercial 16 nm SRAM-FPGA
SEE Sensitivity Evaluation for Commercial 16 nm SRAM-FPGA Open
Radiation effects can induce severe and diverse soft errors in digital circuits and systems. A Xilinx commercial 16 nm FinFET static random-access memory (SRAM)-based field-programmable gate array (FPGA) was selected to evaluate the radiat…
View article: Heavy-Ion Induced Single Event Upsets in Advanced 65 nm Radiation Hardened FPGAs
Heavy-Ion Induced Single Event Upsets in Advanced 65 nm Radiation Hardened FPGAs Open
The 65 nm Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) was designed and manufactured, which employed tradeoff radiation hardening techniques in Configuration RAMs (CRAMs), Embedded RAMs (EBRAMs) and flip-fl…
View article: Design and verification of universal evaluation system for single event effect sensitivity measurement in very-large-scale integrated circuits
Design and verification of universal evaluation system for single event effect sensitivity measurement in very-large-scale integrated circuits Open
A flexible and multipurpose Single Event Effects (SEEs) testing system was developed for evaluating the reliability of nanoscale Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit (VLSI). The accurate detection, comparation and classification of latch-up…
View article: Twice-cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Double Threshold Energy Detection
Twice-cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Double Threshold Energy Detection Open
Double threshold energy detection based cooperative spectrum sensing exist the problem of perceived failure and need larger bandwidth to transmit cognitive users' perceive information.In this paper, we propose a method for two problems of …