Explanipedia

AlphaGlue: A Novel Conceptual Delivery Method for α Therapy Open

Lujin Abu Sabah, Laura Ballisat, Chiara De Sio, Magdalena Dobrowolska, A Chambers , et al. · 2025

Extensive research is being carried out on the application of α particles for cancer treatment. A key challenge in α therapy is how to deliver the α emitters to the tumour. In AlphaGlue, a novel treatment delivery concept, the α emitters a…

Fast Monte Carlo Sampling of DNA damage for radiotherapy Open

Laura Ballisat, Chiara De Sio, Susanna Guatelli, D. Sakata, Lujin Abu Sabah , et al. · 2025

Nanodosimetric simulation of DNA damage is important for understanding the differences between the biological effects of different particles. There are many emerging radiotherapy modalities which make use of the higher biological effect of…

Geant4 simulation of the enhanced in-vivo 220Rn spread in DaRT Open

Laura Ballisat, Chiara De Sio, Susanna Guatelli, D. Sakata, Lujin Abu Sabah , et al. · 2025

The increase DSB induction distally from the DaRT seed has the potential to increase treatment efficacy. However, this additional spread cannot easily be predicted. Understanding this uncertainty is important for the dose calculations in t…

Study of Radiation Damage of 28 Mev Protons to the Lassena Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor Open

J. J. Velthuis, L. Beck, Chiara De Sio, J. L. Pritchard, R.P. Hugtenburg , et al. · 2025

Simulation of cell cycle effects on DNA strand break induction due to -particles Open

Laura Ballisat, Chiara De Sio, L. Beck, A. Chambers, Mark S. Dillingham , et al. · 2024

Compaction of the genome affects the initial yield of strand breaks. Some radiosensitivity differences between cell lines can be attributed to genome compaction changes between the phases of the cell cycle. This study provides a basis for …

Dose and DNA damage modelling of diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy using Geant4 Open

Laura Ballisat, Chiara De Sio, L. Beck, Susanna Guatelli, D. Sakata , et al. · 2024

The DNA damage changes with radial distance from the seed and has been found to become less complex with distance, which is potentially easier for the cell to repair. Close to the seed α-particles contribute the majority of dose, however t…

Electron contamination suppression in transmission detectors for radiotherapy Open

L. Beck, Chiara De Sio, R.P. Hugtenburg, J. J. Velthuis · 2023

Objective. Higher energy and intensity radiotherapy beams are being used, in part, due to the increased spatial accuracy of treatments. However, higher intensity beams can result in a larger total dose error, motivating the increasing need…

In-silico calculations of DNA damage induced by -particles in the 224Ra DaRT decay chain for a better understanding of the radiobiological effectiveness of this treatment Open

Laura Ballisat, L. Beck, Chiara De Sio, Susanna Guatelli, D. Sakata , et al. · 2023

Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation Therapy (DaRT) is an interstitial brachytherapy technique using ²²⁴Ra seeds. For accurate treatment planning a good understanding of the early DNA damage due to α-particles is required. Geant4-…

Performance of a Full-Scale Upstream MAPS-Based Verification Device for Radiotherapy Open

J. J. Velthuis, Yutong Li, J. L. Pritchard, Chiara De Sio, L. Beck , et al. · 2023

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy is a widely used technique for accurately targeting cancerous tumours in difficult locations using dynamically shaped beams. This is ideally accompanied by real-time independent verification. Monolithic act…

Towards 2D dosimetry using monolithic active pixel sensors and a copper grating Open

L. Beck, J. J. Velthuis, Chiara De Sio, J. L. Pritchard, Yutong Li , et al. · 2022

Higher energy and intensity X-ray radiotherapy treatments are coming into wider use, having the benefit of requiring fewer treatment fractions and fewer hospital visits per patient. However, small percentage errors in multileaf collimator …

Development of muon scattering tomography for detection of reinforcement in concrete Open

Magdalena Dobrowolska, J. J. Velthuis, Chiara De Sio, A. K. Kopp, R. D. Milne , et al. · 2022

Inspection of ageing, reinforced concrete structures is a world-wide challenge. Existing evaluation techniques in civil and structural engineering have limited penetration depth and do not allow to precisely ascertain the configuration of …

Complex field verification using a large area CMOS MAPS upstream in radiotherapy Open

J. L. Pritchard, J. J. Velthuis, L. Beck, Yutong Li, Chiara De Sio , et al. · 2022

A multileaf collimator (MLC) is an integral component in modern radiotherapy machines as it dynamically shapes the photon field used for patient treatment. Currently, the MLC leaves which collimate the treatment field are mechanically cali…

“Starry liver” - Von Meyenburg complex clinical case presentation and differential diagnosis discussion: A case report Open

Kateryna Priadko, Marco Niosi, Luigi Vitale, Chiara De Sio, Marco Romano , et al. · 2022

VMC is a potentially non-life threatening condition, but its recognition is crucial for the management of patients.

Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete Open

Magdalena Dobrowolska, J. J. Velthuis, Anna Katharina Kopp, Chiara De Sio, Ruaridh Milne , et al. · 2021

Inspection of ageing, reinforced concrete structures is a world-wide challenge. Existing non-destructive evaluation techniques in civil and structural engineering have limited penetration depth and don’t allow to precisely ascertain the co…

Development of muon scattering tomography for a detection of reinforcement in concrete Open

Magdalena Dobrowolska, J. J. Velthuis, Anna Katharina Kopp, Chiara De Sio, Ruaridh Milne , et al. · 2021

Inspection of ageing, reinforced concrete structures is a world-wide challenge. Existing non-destructive evaluation techniques in civil and structural engineering have limited penetration depth and don't allow to precisely ascertain the co…

Real-time, upstream, radiotherapy verification using a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor System Open

J. J. Velthuis, L. Beck, R.P. Hugtenburg, J. L. Pritchard, Chiara De Sio · 2020

Intensity modulated radiotherapy is a widely used technique for accurately targeting cancerous tumours in difficult locations. As treatments are becoming more complex, new methods need to be developed to monitor them. Monolithic active pix…

A Novel Approach to Contamination Suppression in Transmission Detectors for Radiotherapy Open

L. Beck, J. J. Velthuis, R. Page, R.P. Hugtenburg, Chiara De Sio , et al. · 2020

The current trend in X-ray radiotherapy is to treat cancers that are in difficult locations in the body using beams with a complex intensity profile. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is a treatment which improves the dose distributi…

r-UNet: Leaf Position Reconstruction in Upstream Radiotherapy Verification Open

Chiara De Sio, J. J. Velthuis, L. Beck, J. L. Pritchard, R.P. Hugtenburg · 2020

Monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) devices are an effective tool for upstream verification of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatments. It is crucial to measure with high precision the positions of the multi-leaf collimators (…

Dependence of atmospheric muon flux on seawater depth measured with the first KM3NeT detection units Open

M. Ageron, S. Aiello, F. Ameli, M. André, G. Androulakis , et al. · 2020

pLISA: a parallel Library for Identification and Study of Astroparticles Open

C. Bozza, Chiara De Sio, R. Coniglione · 2019

INFN has produced a Machine Learning library in Python that applies Convolutional Neural Networks to various common problems in the field of astroparticle identification and study in suitable detectors. The library itself makes few assumpt…

First muography of Stromboli volcano Open

V. Tioukov, A. Alexandrov, C. Bozza, L. Consiglio, N. D’Ambrosio , et al. · 2019

Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino telescope to point-like neutrino sources Open

S. Aiello, S.E. Akrame, F. Ameli, E.G. Anassontzis, M. André , et al. · 2019

Machine Learning in KM3NeT Open

Chiara De Sio · 2019

The KM3NeT Collaboration is building a network of underwater Cherenkov telescopes at two sites in the Mediterranean Sea, with the main goals of investigating astrophysical sources of high-energy neutrinos (ARCA) and of determining the neut…

Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope Open

S. Aiello, S.E. Akrame, F. Ameli, E.G. Anassontzis, M. André , et al. · 2018

The Hamamatsu R12199-02 3-inch photomultiplier tube is the photodetector chosen for the first phase of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. About 7000 photomultipliers have been characterised for dark count rate, timing spread and spurious pulse…

Event triggering and deep learning for particle identification in KM3NeT Open

Chiara De Sio · 2018

Neutrino astronomy experiments like KM3NeT allow to survey the Universe leveraging the properties of neutrinos of being electrically neutral and weakly interacting particles, making them a suitable messenger. Observing neutrino emission in…

Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector Open

S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli , et al. · 2017

Nuclear emulsion techniques for muography Open

C. Bozza, L. Consiglio, N. D’Ambrosio, G. De Lellis, Chiara De Sio , et al. · 2017

Nuclear emulsions are currently being used in the field of muography, more specifically muon radiography of volcanic edifices and fault regions. The peculiar features of such detector for cosmic muons demand appropriate data processing and…

Muography of 1949 fault in La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain Open

Seigo Miyamoto, José Barrancos, C. Bozza, L. Consiglio, Chiara De Sio , et al. · 2017

Muography (muon radiography) is a new geophysical technique that allows investigation of inner structures of an edifice with a very detailed spatial resolution. It has been recently used for several volcanoes and different geoscientific ta…

Muography with nuclear emulsions - Stromboli and other projects Open

V. Tioukov, G. De Lellis, Paolo Strolin, L. Consiglio, A. Sheshukov , et al. · 2017

The muon radiography is a novel imaging technique to probe the volcanoes interior, using the capability of high energy cosmic ray muons to penetrate large thicknesses of rock. In this way it is possible to derive a 2D density map along the…

A method to stabilise the performance of negatively fed KM3NeT photomultipliers Open

S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli , et al. · 2016

The KM3NeT research infrastructure, currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, will host neutrino telescopes for the identification of neutrino sources in the Universe and for studies of the neutrino mass hierarchy. These teles…

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