Christopher W. Hughes
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View article: Japan’s defence industrial strategy and fighter aircraft production: striving for tier-one status and the GCAP Project
Japan’s defence industrial strategy and fighter aircraft production: striving for tier-one status and the GCAP Project Open
View article: Coherent Modes of Global Coastal Sea Level Variability
Coherent Modes of Global Coastal Sea Level Variability Open
Sea level variations in the coastal zone can differ significantly from those in the open ocean and can be highly spatiotemporally coherent in the alongshore direction. Yet, where and how coastal sea levels exhibit variations that emerge as…
View article: Carotid Artery Stenting
Carotid Artery Stenting Open
View article: Using Shelf‐Edge Transport Composition and Sensitivity Experiments to Understand Processes Driving Sea Level on the Northwest European Shelf
Using Shelf‐Edge Transport Composition and Sensitivity Experiments to Understand Processes Driving Sea Level on the Northwest European Shelf Open
Variability in ocean currents, temperature and salinity drive dynamic sea level (DSL) variability on the Northwest European Shelf (NWES). It is dominated by mass variations, with steric signals relatively small. A mechanistic explanation o…
View article: Ocean boundary pressures: Its significance and sensitivities
Ocean boundary pressures: Its significance and sensitivities Open
The measurement and theoretical interpretation of circulations is often complicated by the abundance of eddies in the global ocean. However, when considering ocean pressure on the continental boundaries, the system of large-scale circulati…
View article: Remote influence of (or on?) the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: A boundary pressure perspective.
Remote influence of (or on?) the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: A boundary pressure perspective. Open
Pressure on the ocean's "sidewalls" - the global continental slope - is strongly dynamically constrained by the steep topography. As a result we find that, even in an eddy-rich ocean model, its variability exhibits coherence over many thou…
View article: Mass-change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) expected impact on science and applications
Mass-change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) expected impact on science and applications Open
SUMMARY The joint ESA/NASA Mass-change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) has the objective to extend time-series from previous gravity missions, including an improvement of accuracy and spatio-temporal resolution. The lon…
View article: Japan's Decaying Antimilitarism Ecosystem
Japan's Decaying Antimilitarism Ecosystem Open
Japan's Decaying Antimilitarism Ecosystem Christopher W. Hughes (bio) Japan's postwar military posture has always demanded careful analysis, given its intricacies and implications for East Asian security. Right now, it warrants even greate…
View article: Coherent modes of coastal sea level variability from altimetry and tide gauge observations
Coherent modes of coastal sea level variability from altimetry and tide gauge observations Open
Sea level dynamics in the coastal zone can differ significantly from that in the open ocean. The presence of the continental slope, shallow waters and the coastlines give rise to a variety of processes that mediate the response of coastal …
View article: Towards the Establishment of Program Evaluation System in Japanese Higher Education: Learning from the Quality Code Adopted in the United Kingdom
Towards the Establishment of Program Evaluation System in Japanese Higher Education: Learning from the Quality Code Adopted in the United Kingdom Open
Despite global trends in quality assurance emphasizing degree-specific learning outcomes, Japanese higher education has yet to develop an effective evaluation system at the degree-program level. Recent Japanese educational policies strongl…
View article: 1192 Identification of oncogene-induced surface protein IL1RAP as an immunotherapy target in multiple cancers
1192 Identification of oncogene-induced surface protein IL1RAP as an immunotherapy target in multiple cancers Open
Background Adoptive and antibody-based immunotherapies are highly successful in the clinic for the treatment of certain malignancies. However, effective immunotherapy targets remain elusive for various cancers, in particular metastatic dis…
View article: Implementing Program-Level Learning Outcomes in Japanese Higher Education: Insights from Quality Assurance Approaches Adopted by the United Kingdom
Implementing Program-Level Learning Outcomes in Japanese Higher Education: Insights from Quality Assurance Approaches Adopted by the United Kingdom Open
Despite global trends in quality assurance emphasizing degree-specific learning outcomes, Japanese higher education has yet to develop a comprehensive evaluation system at the program level. This paper argues that defining program-level le…
View article: Japan as a Global Military Power
Japan as a Global Military Power Open
Japan is emerging as a more prominent global and regional military power, defying traditional categorisations of a minimalist contribution to the US-Japan alliance, maintaining anti-militarism, seeking an internationalist role, or carving …
View article: Sea level, bottom pressure, gyres and overturning: lessons from classical models.
Sea level, bottom pressure, gyres and overturning: lessons from classical models. Open
<p>Even in models with vertical sidewalls, bottom pressure torques balance the wind stress curl in a zonal integral, with local modification from nonlinear terms. This can be seen explicitly in Stommel's classic 1948 solution in whic…
View article: Adiabatic, Constrained, Stochastic Eddy Parameterisation
Adiabatic, Constrained, Stochastic Eddy Parameterisation Open
<p>Mesoscale eddy-permitting ocean models will be needed as a component of climate ensemble projections most likely for the next decade or more.   However, the kinetic energy and other measures of variability are ty…
View article: Changes in mean sea level around Great Britain over the past 200 years
Changes in mean sea level around Great Britain over the past 200 years Open
We systematically assimilate a wide range of historical sea level data from around the coast of Great Britain, much of it previously unpublished, into a single comprehensive framework. We show that this greatly increased dataset allows the…
View article: An 8-yr Meteotsunami Climatology across Northwest Europe: 2010–17
An 8-yr Meteotsunami Climatology across Northwest Europe: 2010–17 Open
Meteotsunamis are shallow-water waves that, despite often being small (~0.3 m), can cause damage, injuries, and fatalities due to relatively strong currents (>1 m s −1 ). Previous case studies, modeling, and localized climatologies have in…
View article: Idealised modelling of offshore-forced sea level hot spots and boundary waves along the North American East Coast
Idealised modelling of offshore-forced sea level hot spots and boundary waves along the North American East Coast Open
Hot spots of sea level variability along the North American East Coast have been shown to shift in latitude repeatedly over the past 95 years and connections with a number of forcing phenomena, including the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO…
View article: Widespread Mesoscale Dipoles in the Global Ocean
Widespread Mesoscale Dipoles in the Global Ocean Open
Mesoscale eddies are ubiquitous and energetic features in the ocean. Although eddies are known to form dipoles from time to time, it is unclear how often they do so. Using satellite altimetry data, here we show that mesoscale dipoles are s…
View article: Japan and Indo-Pacific Security
Japan and Indo-Pacific Security Open
View article: Improved and extended tide gauge records for the British Isles leading to more consistent estimates of sea level rise and acceleration since 1958
Improved and extended tide gauge records for the British Isles leading to more consistent estimates of sea level rise and acceleration since 1958 Open
This paper describes methods of obtaining improved estimates of long-term sea level trends for the British Isles. This is achieved by lengthening the sea level records where possible, then removing known sources of variability, and then fu…
View article: Proudman resonance with tides, bathymetry and variable atmospheric forcings
Proudman resonance with tides, bathymetry and variable atmospheric forcings Open
Proudman resonance is a primary amplification mechanism for meteotsunamis, which are shallow-water waves generated by atmospheric forcings. The effect of tides, sloping bathymetry and the speed, amplitude and aspect ratio of the atmospheri…
View article: The global dominance of the Atlantic circulation, seen through boundary pressures.
The global dominance of the Atlantic circulation, seen through boundary pressures. Open
<p>The rapid propagation of boundary waves (or, equivalently, the strong influence of topography on vorticity balance) ensures that bottom pressure along the global continental slope reflects large scale ocean processes, making it po…
View article: Sustainable Observations of the AMOC: Methodology and Technology
Sustainable Observations of the AMOC: Methodology and Technology Open
Key Points The AMOC is a system of ocean currents that move heat and carbon around the planet and is predicted to decline in the future The AMOC has been directly measured since the 2000s, but we now have observation systems in place that …
View article: An experiment to test satellite radar interferometry-observed geodetic ties to remotely monitor vertical land motion at tide gauges
An experiment to test satellite radar interferometry-observed geodetic ties to remotely monitor vertical land motion at tide gauges Open
View article: Leaky Slope Waves and Sea Level: Unusual Consequences of the Beta Effect along Western Boundaries with Bottom Topography and Dissipation
Leaky Slope Waves and Sea Level: Unusual Consequences of the Beta Effect along Western Boundaries with Bottom Topography and Dissipation Open
Coastal trapped waves (CTWs) carry the ocean’s response to changes in forcing along boundaries and are important mechanisms in the context of coastal sea level and the meridional overturning circulation. Motivated by the western boundary r…
View article: SEASTAR: A Mission to Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics and Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes in Coastal, Shelf and Polar Seas
SEASTAR: A Mission to Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics and Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes in Coastal, Shelf and Polar Seas Open
© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in [citation], doi:[doi].
\nGommenginger, C., Chapron, B., Hogg, A., Buckingham, C., Fox-K…
View article: The Relationship Between U.S. East Coast Sea Level and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: A Review
The Relationship Between U.S. East Coast Sea Level and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: A Review Open
Scientific and societal interest in the relationship between the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and U.S. East Coast sea level has intensified over the past decade, largely due to (1) projected, and potentially ongoing, …
View article: Towards Comprehensive Observing and Modeling Systems for Monitoring and Predicting Regional to Coastal Sea Level
Towards Comprehensive Observing and Modeling Systems for Monitoring and Predicting Regional to Coastal Sea Level Open
A major challenge for managing impacts and implementing effective mitigation measures and adaptation strategies for coastal zones affected by future sea level (SL) rise is our limited capacity to predict SL change at the coast on relevant …
View article: Correction to: Concepts and Terminology for Sea Level: Mean, Variability and Change, Both Local and Global
Correction to: Concepts and Terminology for Sea Level: Mean, Variability and Change, Both Local and Global Open