Christopher L. Axelrod
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View article: Exercise intensity modulates the human plasma secretome and interorgan communication
Exercise intensity modulates the human plasma secretome and interorgan communication Open
Exercise is recognized as first-line therapy for many cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Despite the abundant health-promoting effects of exercise, in-depth characterization of circulatory facto…
View article: Interleukin-6 blockade does not impair exercise-induced glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis
Interleukin-6 blockade does not impair exercise-induced glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis Open
A single session of aerobic exercise has a similar effect on insulin sensitivity and muscle glucose uptake in women with RA treated with either IL-6i or TNF-αi. The study supports exercise as a safe and complementary strategy for patients …
View article: A familial natural short sleep mutation in dec2 extends healthspan and lifespan in Drosophila
A familial natural short sleep mutation in dec2 extends healthspan and lifespan in Drosophila Open
Sleep loss typically imposes negative effects on animal health. However, humans with rare genetic mutations in the dec2 gene present an exception; these individuals sleep less without the usual effects associated with sleep deprivat…
View article: Age-dependent impairment of cardiac function and physical performance in male mice with diet-induced obesity
Age-dependent impairment of cardiac function and physical performance in male mice with diet-induced obesity Open
Aging in the context of obesity exacerbates the risk of morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular disease. However, the maladaptive responses in the heart that arise from prolonged obesity and the specific influence of biological a…
View article: Deubiquitinating Enzymes Regulate Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Quality Control and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Deubiquitinating Enzymes Regulate Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Quality Control and Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Open
Background Activation of mitochondrial fission and quality control occur early in the onset of insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that differences in mitochondrial dynamics, structure and bioenergetics in humans w…
View article: Global proteomics and affinity mass spectrometry analysis of human Schwann cells indicates that variation in and loss of neurofibromin (NF1) alters protein expression and cellular and mitochondrial metabolism
Global proteomics and affinity mass spectrometry analysis of human Schwann cells indicates that variation in and loss of neurofibromin (NF1) alters protein expression and cellular and mitochondrial metabolism Open
View article: Metabolomic Fingerprints of Medical Therapy Versus Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The STAMPEDE Trial
Metabolomic Fingerprints of Medical Therapy Versus Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The STAMPEDE Trial Open
OBJECTIVE Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are effective procedures to treat and manage type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying metabolic adaptations that mediate improvements in glucose homeostasis remain…
View article: Metabolomic Fingerprints of Medical Therapy vs. Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The STAMPEDE Trial
Metabolomic Fingerprints of Medical Therapy vs. Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: The STAMPEDE Trial Open
OBJECTIVERoux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are effective procedures to treat and manage type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying metabolic adaptations that mediate improvements in glucose homeostasis remain …
View article: The bioenergetic landscape of cancer
The bioenergetic landscape of cancer Open
Mitochondrial bioenergetics significantly contribute to cancer initiation and survival. As a result, therapies designed to limit oxidative efficiency may reduce tumor burden and enhance the efficacy of currently available antineoplastic ag…
View article: Restricting bioenergetic efficiency enhances longevity and mitochondrial redox capacity in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
Restricting bioenergetic efficiency enhances longevity and mitochondrial redox capacity in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Open
Mitochondria are essential for survival and as such, impairments in organelle homeostasis significantly accelerate age‐related morbidity and mortality. Here, we determined the contribution of bioenergetic efficiency to life span and health…
View article: Effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A pilot randomized trial
Effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A pilot randomized trial Open
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk for diabetes, and standard treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) device shows inconsistent effects on glucose metabolism. Metformin is known to treat and prevent diabe…
View article: Editorial: Nutrition, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity
Editorial: Nutrition, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity Open
EDITORIAL article Front. Nutr., 13 December 2023Sec. Clinical Nutrition Volume 10 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1335927
View article: Ketogenic propensity is differentially related to lipid‐induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance
Ketogenic propensity is differentially related to lipid‐induced hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance Open
Aim Determine the ketogenic response (β‐hydroxybutyrate, a surrogate of hepatic ketogenesis) to a controlled lipid overload in humans. Methods In total, nineteen young, healthy adults (age: 28.4 ± 1.7 years; BMI: 22.7 ± 0.3 kg/m 2 ) receiv…
View article: Weight‐independent effects of <scp>Roux‐en‐Y</scp> gastric bypass surgery on remission of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice
Weight‐independent effects of <span>Roux‐en‐Y</span> gastric bypass surgery on remission of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice Open
Objective Obesity is a driver of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and interventions that decrease body weight, such as bariatric surgery and/or calorie restriction (CR), may serve as effective therapies. This study compared the e…
View article: Bariatric surgery alters mitochondrial function in gut mucosa
Bariatric surgery alters mitochondrial function in gut mucosa Open
View article: Sarcopenic obesity: emerging mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Sarcopenic obesity: emerging mechanisms and therapeutic potential Open
View article: A familial natural short sleep mutation promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan in Drosophila
A familial natural short sleep mutation promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan in Drosophila Open
View article: GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion
GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Open
Exercise is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and preserves β-cell function by hitherto unknown mechanisms. We postulated that proteins from contracting skeletal muscle may act as cellular signals to regulate pancreatic β-cell fun…
View article: GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion
GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Open
Exercise is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and preserves β-cell function by hitherto unknown mechanisms. We postulated that proteins from contracting skeletal muscle may act as cellular signals to regulate pancreatic β-cell fun…
View article: GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion
GDF15 Mediates the Effect of Skeletal Muscle Contraction on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion Open
Exercise is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and preserves β-cell function by hitherto unknown mechanisms. We postulated that proteins from contracting skeletal muscle may act as cellular signals to regulate pancreatic β-cell fun…
View article: A familial natural short sleep mutation promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan in<i>Drosophila</i>
A familial natural short sleep mutation promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan in<i>Drosophila</i> Open
Summary Sleep loss typically imposes negative effects on animal health. However, humans with a rare genetic mutation in the dec2 gene ( dec2 P384R ) present an exception; these individuals sleep less without the usual effects associated wi…
View article: The Role of Nutrition in Mitigating the Effects of COVID-19 from Infection through PASC
The Role of Nutrition in Mitigating the Effects of COVID-19 from Infection through PASC Open
The expansive and rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in a global pandemic of COVID-19 infection and disease. Though initially perceived to be acute in nature, many patients report persistent and recurrent symptoms beyond the…
View article: Phytochemical Targeting of Mitochondria for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention, Therapy, and Sensitization
Phytochemical Targeting of Mitochondria for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention, Therapy, and Sensitization Open
Breast cancer is a common and deadly disease that causes tremendous physical, emotional, and financial burden on patients and society. Early-stage breast cancer and less aggressive subtypes have promising prognosis for patients, but in agg…
View article: Obesity Management in the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Obesity Management in the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary hepatic malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related death globally. HCC is associated with an indolent clinical presentation, resulting in frequent advanced stage diagnoses w…
View article: Blocking ActRIIB and restoring appetite reverses cachexia and improves survival in mice with lung cancer
Blocking ActRIIB and restoring appetite reverses cachexia and improves survival in mice with lung cancer Open
View article: Mitochondrial uncoupling attenuates sarcopenic obesity by enhancing skeletal muscle mitophagy and quality control
Mitochondrial uncoupling attenuates sarcopenic obesity by enhancing skeletal muscle mitophagy and quality control Open
Background Sarcopenic obesity is a highly prevalent disease with poor survival and ineffective medical interventions. Mitochondrial dysfunction is purported to be central in the pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity by impairing both organell…
View article: Insulin resistance persists despite a metabolically healthy obesity phenotype
Insulin resistance persists despite a metabolically healthy obesity phenotype Open
Objective Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is often defined as the absence of metabolic syndrome in the presence of obesity. However, phenotypic features of MHO are unclear. Insulin sensitivity in MHO was cross‐sectionally compared with…
View article: Breast cancer growth and proliferation is suppressed by the mitochondrial targeted furazano[3,4-b]pyrazine BAM15
Breast cancer growth and proliferation is suppressed by the mitochondrial targeted furazano[3,4-b]pyrazine BAM15 Open
View article: Dynamin-related protein 1 regulates substrate oxidation in skeletal muscle by stabilizing cellular and mitochondrial calcium dynamics
Dynamin-related protein 1 regulates substrate oxidation in skeletal muscle by stabilizing cellular and mitochondrial calcium dynamics Open
Mitochondria undergo continuous cycles of fission and fusion to promote inheritance, regulate quality control, and mitigate organelle stress. More recently, this process of mitochondrial dynamics has been demonstrated to be highly sensitiv…
View article: Analytical Determination of Mitochondrial Function of Excised Solid Tumor Homogenates
Analytical Determination of Mitochondrial Function of Excised Solid Tumor Homogenates Open
Mitochondria are essential to the onset and progression of cancer through energy production, reactive oxygen species regulation, and macromolecule synthesis. Genetic and functional adaptations of mitochondria to the tumor environment drive…