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View article: Community-Acquired Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia: A Case-Control Study in Adult Inpatients from 2019 to 2024
Community-Acquired Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia: A Case-Control Study in Adult Inpatients from 2019 to 2024 Open
Background: Legionella pneumophila is frequently acquired in the community and generally linked to contaminated domestic hot water systems, hotels, or other environmental sources or of unknown origin. L. pneumophila is a leading cause of p…
View article: Hypophosphatasia: 90 Years from a Canadian Discovery—A Comprehensive Review of the ALPL Gene Underlying Rathbun’s Syndrome
Hypophosphatasia: 90 Years from a Canadian Discovery—A Comprehensive Review of the ALPL Gene Underlying Rathbun’s Syndrome Open
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an exceptional genetic bone disorder of metabolic character caused by a deficit of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme (TNSALP). This protein is encoded by the ALPL (alkaline phosphatase liver/bo…
View article: Collagenous gastritis, hyperplastic polyp, and intraepithelial duodenal lymphocytosis in a 15-year-old child: An iconographic case report
Collagenous gastritis, hyperplastic polyp, and intraepithelial duodenal lymphocytosis in a 15-year-old child: An iconographic case report Open
Rationale: Collagenous gastritis is an uncommon condition initially identified in 1989 by Colletti and Trainer, characterized by a subepithelial collagen band exceeding 10 μm in thickness. Two patient subgroups have been identified: childr…
View article: Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Hirschsprung's Disease—A Historical Systematic Review and Current Status Quo
Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Hirschsprung's Disease—A Historical Systematic Review and Current Status Quo Open
AIM: Hirschsprung's disease, or aganglionosis of the colon, is a congenital disease characterized by a lack of neurons in the enteric plexus of the large bowel due to either migration failure or defective differentiation of neural crest ce…
View article: Perspective Chapter: Reprogramming the Gut Microbiome – A Novel Strategy for Combating Hepatic Steatosis
Perspective Chapter: Reprogramming the Gut Microbiome – A Novel Strategy for Combating Hepatic Steatosis Open
Liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represent a growing global health burden, contributing to over two million deaths annually. NAFLD alone affects approximately 2…
View article: “Trust your gut”: exploring the connection between gut microbiome dysbiosis and the advancement of Metabolic Associated Steatosis Liver Disease (MASLD)/Metabolic Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH): a systematic review of animal and human studies
“Trust your gut”: exploring the connection between gut microbiome dysbiosis and the advancement of Metabolic Associated Steatosis Liver Disease (MASLD)/Metabolic Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH): a systematic review of animal and human studies Open
Metabolic Associated Steatosis Liver Disease (MASLD) and its advanced form, Metabolic Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), represent growing global health concerns closely linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syn…
View article: Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Regulation of Immunology, Collagenization, and Bioreactivity in Fatty Liver: A Narrative Review
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Regulation of Immunology, Collagenization, and Bioreactivity in Fatty Liver: A Narrative Review Open
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are essential for preserving liver homeostasis. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a category of hepatic disorders characterized by excessive fat accumula…
View article: Liquid biopsy – a narrative review with an update on current US governmental clinical trials targeting immunotherapy
Liquid biopsy – a narrative review with an update on current US governmental clinical trials targeting immunotherapy Open
Developments in medicine have led to a more comprehensive understanding of tumor features, including tumor load, tumor staging, heterogeneity, gene mutations, and clonal evolution. The utilization of liquid biopsies from cancer patients ha…
View article: The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of Candida spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study
The Influence of the Seasonal Variability of Candida spp. Bloodstream Infections and Antifungal Treatment: A Mediterranean Pilot Study Open
Background/Objectives: Various factors associated with seasonality, including temperature, humidity, geographical composition, and seasonal fluctuations, can influence the trends of microbes responsible for hospital infections, such as Can…
View article: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease-Related Multifocal Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Iconographic Review
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease-Related Multifocal Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Iconographic Review Open
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common inheritable disease of cystic degeneration in the kidney. ADPKD is a significant cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Liver Disease (…
View article: Barth Syndrome: TAFAZZIN Gene, Cardiologic Aspects, and Mitochondrial Studies—A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Barth Syndrome: TAFAZZIN Gene, Cardiologic Aspects, and Mitochondrial Studies—A Comprehensive Narrative Review Open
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is inherited through an X-linked pattern. The gene is located on Xq28. Male individuals who inherit the TAFAZZIN pathogenic variant will have the associated condition, while female individuals who inherit the TAFAZZIN…
View article: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome—a scoping review
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome—a scoping review Open
HLHS is a complex and complicate congenital heart disease, which requires further investigation. In this article, I further explore the involvement of the endocardium in the progression of ventricular hypoplasia, therefore offering a poten…
View article: Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Anal Canal Mimicking Colorectal Cancer: Case Report and Hints to Improve a Patient’s Fitness for Treatment and Prevention
Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Anal Canal Mimicking Colorectal Cancer: Case Report and Hints to Improve a Patient’s Fitness for Treatment and Prevention Open
Background and Clinical Significance: Men who engage in anal fisting may experience full rectal and colon thickness injury resulting in an endoscopic emergency. The endoscopist does not routinely question patients about their sexual habits…
View article: Prof. Dr. Giovanni De Toni—Editorial for the Commemoration of a Pediatric Luminary
Prof. Dr. Giovanni De Toni—Editorial for the Commemoration of a Pediatric Luminary Open
Living in Liguria, acknowledging that the sea may be a metaphor for the human condition is not difficult [...]
View article: Seasonal Change in Microbial Diversity: Bile Microbiota and Antibiotics Resistance in Patients with Bilio-Pancreatic Tumors: A Retrospective Monocentric Study (2010–2020)
Seasonal Change in Microbial Diversity: Bile Microbiota and Antibiotics Resistance in Patients with Bilio-Pancreatic Tumors: A Retrospective Monocentric Study (2010–2020) Open
Background: Bilio-pancreatic tumors are a severe form of cancer with a high rate of associated mortality. These patients showed the presence of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. in the bile-pancreatic tract. Therefore,…
View article: Digging Through the Complexities of Immunological Approaches in Emerging Osteosarcoma Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review with Updated Clinical Trials
Digging Through the Complexities of Immunological Approaches in Emerging Osteosarcoma Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review with Updated Clinical Trials Open
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the predominant mesenchymal primary malignant bone tumor in oncology and pathology, impacting a wide age range from adolescents to older adults. It frequently advances to lung metastasis, ultimately resulting in the mo…
View article: DICER1: The Argonaute Endonuclease Family Member and Its Role in Pediatric and Youth Pathology
DICER1: The Argonaute Endonuclease Family Member and Its Role in Pediatric and Youth Pathology Open
In 2001, two enzyme-encoding genes were recognized in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The genetic material, labeled Dicer-1 and Dicer-2, encodes ribonuclease-type enzymes with slightly diverse target substrates. The human orthologue…
View article: Mediastinal Teratoma with Nephroblastomatous Elements: Case Report, Literature Review, and Comparison with Maturing Fetal Glomerulogenic Zone/Definitive Zone Ratio and Nephrogenic Rests
Mediastinal Teratoma with Nephroblastomatous Elements: Case Report, Literature Review, and Comparison with Maturing Fetal Glomerulogenic Zone/Definitive Zone Ratio and Nephrogenic Rests Open
Extrarenal teratoid Wilms’ tumor (TWT) is a variant of Wilms’ tumor with fewer than 30 cases reported in the literature. It comprises more than 50% heterologous tissue and presents a significant diagnostic challenge due to its complex hist…
View article: Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) International Registry: Tagraxofusp Cohort Treatment Results
Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm (BPDCN) International Registry: Tagraxofusp Cohort Treatment Results Open
Background: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an orphan malignancy defined by the WHO as affection fewer than 65 per 100,000 people and by the U.S. FDA as affecting less than 200,000 people in the U.S.. The BPDCN inte…
View article: Aggravating mechanisms from COVID-19
Aggravating mechanisms from COVID-19 Open
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces immune-mediated diseases. The pathophysiology of COVID-19 uses the following three mechanisms: (1) inflammasome activation mechanism; (2) cGAS-STING signaling mechanism; …
View article: NAFLD (MASLD)/NASH (MASH): Does It Bother to Label at All? A Comprehensive Narrative Review
NAFLD (MASLD)/NASH (MASH): Does It Bother to Label at All? A Comprehensive Narrative Review Open
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a liver condition that is linked to overweight, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic steatohepati…
View article: The Impact of the Seasonal and Geographical Distribution of Tuberculosis in Sicily: A 6-Year Retrospective Study (2018–2023)
The Impact of the Seasonal and Geographical Distribution of Tuberculosis in Sicily: A 6-Year Retrospective Study (2018–2023) Open
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health issue, with high mortality rates reported worldwide. It is worth noting that most of the hospitalizations for tuberculosis in the Sicilian region involve Italian-born indi…
View article: Interferon upregulation as the cause of Alzheimer’s disease
Interferon upregulation as the cause of Alzheimer’s disease Open
Dapsone (4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone, DDS) is an acetylation agent, anticatalysis for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exacerbation in the previous report. We analyzed the viral respiratory disease (VRD) (+)/(−) and DDS (+)/(−) groups with the I…