Costas E. Synolakis
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View article: Implications of the 9 July 1956 M<sub>S</sub> ∼ 7.2 Amorgos Earthquake for Tsunami Hazard in the Aegean
Implications of the 9 July 1956 M<sub>S</sub> ∼ 7.2 Amorgos Earthquake for Tsunami Hazard in the Aegean Open
The 9 July 1956 Amorgos earthquake was followed by sea waves that affected a large part of the southern Aegean Sea and, in places, were higher than 10 m. Previous analyses of this event concluded that waves generated directly by co‐seismic…
View article: ANATOMY OF STRIKE SLIP FAULT TSUNAMI-GENESIS
ANATOMY OF STRIKE SLIP FAULT TSUNAMI-GENESIS Open
We have developed a coupled computational mechanics framework that integrates fully 3-D models for earthquake rupture dynamics with fluid mechanics models of tsunami generation and propagation. The three-dimensional, time- dependent, verti…
View article: Establishment of a transdisciplinary monitoring facility in Delos, Greece for the protection of Natural Heritage from the impacts of Climate Change
Establishment of a transdisciplinary monitoring facility in Delos, Greece for the protection of Natural Heritage from the impacts of Climate Change Open
The Delos archaeological site, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site List, is situated on a small rocky island in the center of the Aegean Sea. This uninhabited island boasts of monuments with immense significance to human civilizati…
View article: The NEAM-COMMITMENT EU project aiming to support improved tsunami risk management and planning in the NEAM region
The NEAM-COMMITMENT EU project aiming to support improved tsunami risk management and planning in the NEAM region Open
NEAM-COMMITMENT is a two-year project funded by the European Commission’s DG-ECHO, starting in 2025. We will present an overview of the project, its expected outcomes, and its synergies with previous/ongoing projects and initiatives.…
View article: Assessment of daily altimeter-based open ocean water level with hindcast and forecast efficiency
Assessment of daily altimeter-based open ocean water level with hindcast and forecast efficiency Open
Satellite altimetry water level measurements are valuable in episodic and climate change related hydrodynamic impact studies, despite their sparse temporal distribution over the global ocean. This study presents the spatiotemporal characte…
View article: Wildfire risk management in the era of climate change
Wildfire risk management in the era of climate change Open
The August 8, 2023 Lahaina fire refocused attention on wildfires, public alerts, and emergency management. Wildfire risk is on the rise, precipitated through a combination of climate change, increased development in the wildland–urban inte…
View article: FIELD SURVEY OF THE 30 OCTOBER 2020 SAMOS (AEGEAN SEA) TSUNAMI IN THE GREEK ISLANDS
FIELD SURVEY OF THE 30 OCTOBER 2020 SAMOS (AEGEAN SEA) TSUNAMI IN THE GREEK ISLANDS Open
On October 30th, 2020, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck offshore from the northern coast of Samos, Greece, generating a tsunami that impacted the nearshore Greek islands and the Aegean coastline of Turkey. The 2020 Samos (Aegean Sea) tsun…
View article: Field based estimates of wave power at a nearshore Mediterranean locale for sustainable wave energy harnessing
Field based estimates of wave power at a nearshore Mediterranean locale for sustainable wave energy harnessing Open
Measurements from two Nortek/AWAC acoustic Doppler current profilers deployed for over three years at three sites were used to estimate the nearshore wave energy resource of the Gulf of Chania, in the island of Crete, Greece. Similar to ot…
View article: Application of decatastrophize (Use of SDSS and MCDA to prepare for disasters or plan for multlple hazards) Decision Support Systems (DSS) tool
Application of decatastrophize (Use of SDSS and MCDA to prepare for disasters or plan for multlple hazards) Decision Support Systems (DSS) tool Open
DECATASTROPHIZE (UsE of SDSS and MCDA To prepAre for diSasTeRs Or Plan for multlplE HaZards) was financed from the European Union's Directorate-General humanitarian aid and civil protection (DG-ECHO) under Grant Agreement ECHO/SUB/2015/713…
View article: The <i>M</i>w = 6.6 earthquake and tsunami of south Crete on 2020 May 2
The <i>M</i>w = 6.6 earthquake and tsunami of south Crete on 2020 May 2 Open
SUMMARY On 2020 May 2, an Mw = 6.6 earthquake struck about 63 km south of Ierapetra in Crete, Greece. The earthquake generated a small tsunami which agitated local harbours. We studied this event in the context of earthquakes with seismic …
View article: Palaeo-Tsunami Events on the Coasts of Cyprus
Palaeo-Tsunami Events on the Coasts of Cyprus Open
Cyprus has a long history of tsunami activity, as described in archaeological and geological records. Although the study area has experienced tsunamis in the past and constitutes an area threatened by this hazard both from the Cyprean arc …
View article: Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis
Anatomy of strike-slip fault tsunami genesis Open
Significance Our work has uncovered unexpected potential for strike-slip faults to generate devastating tsunamis, without necessarily triggering coseismic underwater landslides or slumps with their associated wave generation. This is a pre…
View article: TSUNAMI RUNUP AMPLIFICATION OF BREAKING AND NON-BREAKING ERROR-FUNCTION WAVES OVER A SLOPING BEACH IN SHADOW ZONE BY A SMALL ISLAND
TSUNAMI RUNUP AMPLIFICATION OF BREAKING AND NON-BREAKING ERROR-FUNCTION WAVES OVER A SLOPING BEACH IN SHADOW ZONE BY A SMALL ISLAND Open
The time series of free surface elevation measured in and outside the shadow zone were compared and analyzed in the time-frequency domain by employing the continuous wavelet transform. Regardless of the conditions of the ERF wave in the sh…
View article: Anatomy of Strike Slip Fault Tsunami-genesis
Anatomy of Strike Slip Fault Tsunami-genesis Open
Tsunami generation from earthquake induced seafloor deformations has long been recognized as a major hazard to coastal areas. Strike-slip faulting has generally been believed as insufficient for triggering large tsunamis, except through th…
View article: Coastal Boulders on the SE Coasts of Cyprus as Evidence of Palaeo-Tsunami Events
Coastal Boulders on the SE Coasts of Cyprus as Evidence of Palaeo-Tsunami Events Open
Cyprus has a long history of tsunami events, as noted by archaeological and geological records. At Cape Greco (southeastern Cyprus) large boulders have been noted, however, no detailed geomorphological research has taken place so far and t…
View article: Boulder deposits on the southeastern coast of Cyprus and their relation with paleotsunami events of the Eastern Mediterranean
Boulder deposits on the southeastern coast of Cyprus and their relation with paleotsunami events of the Eastern Mediterranean Open
<p>Cyprus has a long record of tsunami waves, as noted by archaeological and geological records. Large boulder deposits have been noted in the southeastern and western part of the Island. At Cape Greco (southeastern Cyprus) large bou…
View article: Energy of a tsunami in the framework of an irreversible deformation of the ocean bottom
Energy of a tsunami in the framework of an irreversible deformation of the ocean bottom Open
<p>The classic approach to tsunami simulation by earthquake sources consists<br>of computing the vertical static deformation of the ocean bottom due to<br>the dislocation, using formalisms such as Mansinha and Smylie's [1…
View article: Field Survey of the 2018 Anak Krakatau Tsunami on the Islands in the Sunda Strait
Field Survey of the 2018 Anak Krakatau Tsunami on the Islands in the Sunda Strait Open
<p>On December 22, 2018, an eruption and partial collapse of the Anak Krakatau volcano generated a tsunami in the Sunda Strait. The tsunami caused catastrophic damage and more than 400 deaths in coastal regions of the Sunda Strait in…
View article: THE JULY 20, 2017 BODRUM/KOS EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI: FIELD SURVEYS, LESSONS and MODELING
THE JULY 20, 2017 BODRUM/KOS EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI: FIELD SURVEYS, LESSONS and MODELING Open
A magnitude (Mw) 6.6 earthquake occurred on July 20, 2017 (22:31 UTC) in between Bodrum, Turkey and Kos Island, Greece. Field surveys are conducted in the region (Yalciner et al., 2017) including southern and northern coastlines of Bodrum …
View article: Twenty Challenges in Incident Planning
Twenty Challenges in Incident Planning Open
Disasters create overwhelming demands to affected communities and pose unique problems that complicate efforts of orchestrating the response. It is in such environments of uncertainty, operational friction, time-constraints and the need fo…
View article: The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Momentum, Kinetic Energy and Force in Tsunami Waves during Breaking and Inundation
The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Momentum, Kinetic Energy and Force in Tsunami Waves during Breaking and Inundation Open
A plethora of studies in the past decade describe tsunami hazards and study their evolution from the source to the target coastline, but mainly focus on coastal inundation and maximum runup. Nonetheless, anecdotal reports from eyewitnesses…
View article: Development of MOST for Real-Time Tsunami Forecasting
Development of MOST for Real-Time Tsunami Forecasting Open
The development, testing, and implementation of a real-time tsunami forecast model, the method of splitting tsunami (MOST), is described. MOST is now used as an operational forecast model for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra…
View article: COASTLINE EXTRACTION FROM AERIAL IMAGES BASED ON EDGE DETECTION
COASTLINE EXTRACTION FROM AERIAL IMAGES BASED ON EDGE DETECTION Open
Nowadays coastline extraction and tracking of its changes become of high importance because of the climate change, global warming and rapid growth of human population. Coastal areas play a significant role for the economy of the entire reg…
View article: Lagrangian flow measurements and observations of the 2015 Chilean tsunami in Ventura, CA
Lagrangian flow measurements and observations of the 2015 Chilean tsunami in Ventura, CA Open
Tsunami‐induced coastal currents are spectacular examples of nonlinear and chaotic phenomena. Due to their long periods, tsunamis transport substantial energy into coastal waters, and as this energy interacts with the ubiquitous irregulari…