Explanipedia

The Effects of Social Determinants of Health on Medication Utilization in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Open

Maryana Stryelkina, Megan A. Lewis, Eric P. Smith, Rajesh Shah · 2025

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are chronic inflammatory conditions requiring ongoing medical management. Although disparities in outcomes across racial and ethni…

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Madhesh Province, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study Open

Harendra Mohan Singh, Md. Asdaq Hussain, Abanish Singh, Rajesh Shah, Harish Kumar Shah , et al. · 2025

Background Globally, dental caries is the most common oral health issue and a major public health problem. The prevalence of dental caries in a population is influenced by a number of risk factor such as gender, socioeconomic status, dieta…

BrAPI v2: real-world applications for data integration and collaboration in the breeding and genetics community Open

Peter Selby, Rafael Abbeloos, Anne‐Françoise Adam‐Blondon, Francisco Agosto-Perez, Michaël Alaux , et al. · 2025

Population growth and the impacts of climate change are placing increasing pressure on global agriculture and breeding programmes. Recent advancements in phenotyping techniques, genotyping technologies, and predictive modelling are acceler…

Ultrasensitive ctDNA detection for preoperative disease stratification in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma Open

James R. Black, Gábor Bartha, Charles W. Abbott, Sean Michael Boyle, Takahiro Karasaki , et al. · 2025

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection can predict clinical risk in early-stage tumors. However, clinical applications are constrained by the sensitivity of clinically validated ctDNA detection approaches. NeXT Personal is a whole-genome-…

Prevalence and Pattern of Traumatic Dental Injury Among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study Open

Harendra Mohan Singh, Md. Asdaq Hussain, Abanish Singh, Rajesh Shah, Harish Kumar Sah , et al. · 2024

Introduction: Dental trauma is a common dental public health problem worldwide. It has a physical as well as a psychological effect. Despite this concern, data regarding its prevalence is insufficient in the literature of Nepal and specifi…

Mixed responses to targeted therapy driven by chromosomal instability through p53 dysfunction and genome doubling Open

Sebastijan Hobor, Maise Al Bakir, Crispin T. Hiley, Marcin Skrzypski, Alexander M. Frankell , et al. · 2024

SOX9-regulated matrix proteins predict poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis Open

Laurence Pearmain, Elliot Jokl, Kara Simpson, Lindsay Birchall, Yaqing Ou , et al. · 2024

Pulmonary fibrosis is an increasing and major cause of death worldwide. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of lung fibrosis may lead to urgently needed diagnostic and prognostic strategies fo…

Effect of tobacco smoking on the periodontal health in Parsa, Nepal: A comparative cross-sectional study Open

Rajesh Shah, Abanish Singh, Harendra Mohan Singh, Rahul Gupta, Snehashish Ghosh · 2024

Introduction: For ages, smoking tobacco has been a part of cultural practice in different parts of Nepal. For periodontal diseases, one of the important risk factors is tobacco smoking, mainly cigarette smoking. Objectives: This study was …

PAK1-dependent mechanotransduction enables myofibroblast nuclear adaptation and chromatin organization during fibrosis Open

Elliot Jokl, Aoibheann Mullan, Kara Simpson, Lindsay Birchall, Laurence Pearmain , et al. · 2023

Myofibroblasts are responsible for scarring during fibrosis. The scar propagates mechanical signals inducing a radical transformation in myofibroblast cell state and increasing profibrotic phenotype. Here, we show mechanical stress from pr…

Safety of curative-intent lung cancer surgery in older patients (octogenarians): A contemporary multicentre cohort study Open

Jenny King, Marcus Taylor, Richard Booton, Philip Crosbie, Dinakshi Shah , et al. · 2023

Mortality for octogenarians fell significantly over time in this study. Indeed, when confined to the most recent time period, comparable rates of both 90-day and one-year mortality for octogenarian and non-octogenarian patients were seen. …

A Systematic Review of Sacral Insufficiency Fractures: Treatment Modalities and Outcomes Open

Praise Briggs, Samuel W. King, Tim Staniland, Shivkumar Gopal, Rajesh Shah , et al. · 2023

Forthcoming Articles Open

Matthias Stechele, Moritz Wildgruber, Aurelia Markezana, Sophia K€ Astle, Elif Öcal , et al. · 2023

Rapid Generation of Pulmonary Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Co-Culturing Endodermal and Mesodermal Progenitors for Pulmonary Disease Modelling Open

Adam Mitchell, Chaowen Yu, Xiangjun Zhao, Laurence Pearmain, Rajesh Shah , et al. · 2023

Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells to a range of useful, mature target cell types is ubiquitous in monolayer culture. To further improve the phenotype of the cells produced, 3D organoid culture is becoming increasingly preva…

Tracking early lung cancer metastatic dissemination in TRACERx using ctDNA Open

Christopher Abbosh, Alexander M. Frankell, Thomas Harrison, Judit Kisistók, Aaron T. Garnett , et al. · 2023

Evolutionary characterization of lung adenocarcinoma morphology in TRACERx Open

Takahiro Karasaki, David A. Moore, Selvaraju Veeriah, Cristina Naceur‐Lombardelli, Antonia Toncheva , et al. · 2023

Lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) display a broad histological spectrum from low-grade lepidic tumors through to mid-grade acinar and papillary and high-grade solid, cribriform and micropapillary tumors. How morphology reflects tumor evolution …

PAK1-dependant mechanotransduction enables myofibroblast nuclear adaptation and chromatin organisation during fibrosis Open

Elliot Jokl, Aoibheann Mullan, Kara Simpson, Lindsay Birchall, Laurence Pearmain , et al. · 2023

Myofibroblasts are responsible for scarring and organ stiffness during fibrosis. The scar propagates mechanical signals inducing a radical transformation in myofibroblast cell state linked to an increasingly pro-fibrotic phenotype. Here, w…

Gallium protoporphyrin as an antimicrobial for non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae in COPD patients Open

James Baker, Aisha Baba-Dikwa, Rajesh Shah, Simon Lea, Dave Singh · 2022

GaPP is an effective antimicrobial for NTHi while GaN showed no effect on growth or viability. Culture of NTHi with GaPP also reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokine response in MDMs.

Differential responses of COPD macrophages to respiratory bacterial pathogens Open

Simon Lea, Augusta Beech, James Baker, Rosemary Gaskell, Dharmendra Pindolia , et al. · 2022

COPD patients have increased susceptibility to airway bacterial colonisation. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are three of the most common respiratory bacterial species in COPD. H. influenzae colo…

COPD lung studies of Nrf2 expression and the effects of Nrf2 activators Open

Jian Li, James Baker, Andrew Higham, Rajesh Shah, Ángeles Montero-Fernandez , et al. · 2022

Background Nrf2 regulates cellular antioxidant defence in lung cells, including epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages (AM). The Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway can be modulated by activators with different modes of action; electrophilic compounds …

Risk prediction for lung cancer surgery in the current era Open

Marcus K. Taylor, George Whittaker, Stuart W Grant, Richard Booton, Rajesh Shah · 2022

Dysregulation of the CD163-Haptoglobin Axis in the Airways of COPD Patients Open

Andrew Higham, James Baker, Natalie Jackson, Rajesh Shah, Simon Lea , et al. · 2021

Pulmonary iron levels are increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Iron causes oxidative stress and is a nutrient for pathogenic bacteria. Iron may therefore play an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD.…

Red Blood Cell-Derived Iron Alters Macrophage Function in COPD Open

James Baker, Molly Hammond, Josiah Dungwa, Rajesh Shah, Ángeles Montero-Fernandez , et al. · 2021

Lung macrophage iron levels are increased in COPD patients. Lung macrophage iron levels are thought to be increased by cigarette smoke, but the role of red blood cells (RBCs) as a source of iron has not been investigated. We investigate RB…

Pneumonectomy for primary lung cancer: contemporary outcomes, risk factors and model validation Open

Annemarie Brunswicker, Marcus Taylor, Stuart W Grant, Udo Abah, M.O. Smith , et al. · 2021

OBJECTIVES Despite the increased rate of adverse outcomes compared to lobectomy, for selected patients with lung cancer, pneumonectomy is considered the optimal treatment option. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for…

The IPF fibroblastic focus is an active collagen biosynthesis factory embedded in a distinct extracellular matrix Open

Jeremy Herrera, Lewis Dingle, M. Angeles Montero, Rajesh Shah, Rajamiyer Venkateswaran , et al. · 2021

Background The Fibroblastic Focus (FF) is the signature lesion of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) where myofibroblasts accumulate and extracellular matrix (ECM) is produced. However, the molecular composition and function of the FF and…

Development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model for 90-day mortality after lung resection: the RESECT-90 score Open

Marcus Taylor, Glen P. Martin, Udo Abah, Matthew Sperrin, M.O. Smith , et al. · 2021

OBJECTIVES The ability to accurately estimate the risk of peri-operative mortality after lung resection is important. There are concerns about the performance and validity of existing models developed for this purpose, especially when pred…

Effects of Tobacco Chewing on Periodontal Health in Parsa, Nepal: A Comparative Study Open

Rajesh Shah, Snehashish Ghosh, Abanish Singh, Sartaj Singh Wazir, Harendra Mohan Singh , et al. · 2021

Background: Tobacco chewing in Nepal has been a part of cultural rituals in different since ages. The tobacco products and by-products are detrimental to oral as well as systemic health. Objectives: The objective of the study was to ascert…

Interleukin-33 Amplifies Human Mast Cell Activities Induced by Complement Anaphylatoxins Open

Peter West, Rajia Bahri, Karen M. Garcia‐Rodriguez, Georgia Sweetland, Georgia Wileman , et al. · 2021

Both, aberrant mast cell responses and complement activation contribute to allergic diseases. Since mast cells are highly responsive to C3a and C5a, while Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a potent mast cell activator, we hypothesized that IL-33 c…

External validation of six existing multivariable clinical prediction models for short-term mortality in patients undergoing lung resection Open

Marcus Taylor, Bartłomiej Szafron, Glen P. Martin, Udo Abah, M.O. Smith , et al. · 2020

OBJECTIVES National guidelines advocate the use of clinical prediction models to estimate perioperative mortality for patients undergoing lung resection. Several models have been developed that may potentially be useful but contemporary ex…

A systematic review of risk prediction models for perioperative mortality after thoracic surgery Open

Marcus Taylor, Syed Faisal Hashmi, Glen P. Martin, Michael Shackcloth, Rajesh Shah , et al. · 2020

OBJECTIVES Guidelines advocate that patients being considered for thoracic surgery should undergo a comprehensive preoperative risk assessment. Multiple risk prediction models to estimate the risk of mortality after thoracic surgery have b…

A review of interventional treatments for colorectal lung metastases: is it time for a change in practice? Open

Marcus Taylor, Udo Abah, Rajesh Shah · 2020

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