Explanipedia

Radiation drive designed to extend the pressure ranges measured in Gbar equation of state experiments at the National Ignition Facility Open

Michael Springstead, Damian Swift, T. Döppner, T. Cordova, R. P. Drake , et al. · 2025

We present the design and demonstration of a Shock-Strengthening hohlraum radiation temperature drive in the Gbar experimental platform at the National Ignition Facility intended to increase the pressure range measured in a single experime…

First-principles theory for cerium predicts three distinct face-centered cubic phases Open

Per Söderlind, A. Landa, Christine Wu, Damian Swift, Börje Johansson · 2025

Diffraction Measurement of Reaction Products in Shock Compressed TATB on the NIF Open

Simon J. Clarke, Ray F. Smith, S. Soderlind, JM Christenson, M. C. Marshall , et al. · 2024

The shock-induced reaction of high explosives to gaseous and solid reaction products is a rapid, complex process. Understanding solid reaction product structure and formation kinetics is essential in determining the high-pressure equation …

TEMPERATURE-BASED REACTIVE FLOW MODEL FOR ANFO Open

Roberta Mulford, Damian Swift · 2024

Reaction rates depend on temperature as well as on the mechanical state. In shock wave initiation, experimental data almost always comprise mechanical measurements such as shock speed, material speed, compression, and pressure, and are acc…

Radiation drive with a composite laser pulse shape Open

J. A. Cobble, D. L. Tubbs, N. M. Hoffman, Damian Swift, T. E. Tierney · 2024

The objective is to develop a 6-ns Hohlraum environment on Omega for Be anisotropy studies. In particular, they are seeking an environment for Be isotropy studies with enough growth times to assess the suitability of Be for NIF ignition ca…

Time-resolved X-ray diffraction diagnostic development for the National Ignition Facility Open

Kalpani Werellapatha, N. E. Palmer, M. G. Gorman, Joel V. Bernier, N. Bhandarkar , et al. · 2024

We present the development of an experimental platform that can collect four frames of x-ray diffraction data along a single line of sight during laser-driven, dynamic-compression experiments at the National Ignition Facility. The platform…

Laser-driven ramp-compression experiments on the national ignition facility Open

R. F. Smith, Travis J. Volz, P. M. Celliers, D. G. Braun, Damian Swift , et al. · 2023

This report details the analyses and related uncertainties in measuring longitudinal-stress–density paths in indirect laser-driven ramp equation-of-state (EOS) experiments [Smith et al., Nat. Astron. 2(6), 452–458 (2018); Smith et al., Nat…

Efficient prediction of equations of state and strength properties using new electronic structure methods Open

Damian Swift, Patricia Kalita, Kenneth Mc clellan, Darrin Byler, Per Söderlind , et al. · 2023

Ramp compression of tantalum to multiterapascal pressures: Constraints of the thermal equation of state to 2.3 TPa and 5000 K Open

M. G. Gorman, Christine J. Wu, R. F. Smith, Lorin X. Benedict, Carrie J. Prisbrey , et al. · 2023

We report measurements of the compressibility of ramp compressed tantalum to a final stress of 2.3 TPa corresponding to threefold volumetric compression. Using these data, we extended the experimental constraint on the Ta cold compression …

The effect of temperature and microstructure on dynamic deformation of iron, tantalum, and titanium Open

L. E. Chen, Damian Swift, J.N. Florando, J. Hawreliak, Amy Lazicki , et al. · 2023

Laser-driven shock loading was performed on thin samples of iron, tantalum, and titanium at strain-rates up to 10⁷ s^–1, and over a range of temperatures extending from 120 through 800 K, to investigate the influence o…

Development of a system for heating and cooling targets in laser-based dynamic compression experiments Open

L. E. Chen, M. D. Saculla, Damian Swift, Joel V. Bernier, Daniel Eakins · 2023

The ability to study the temperature dependence of material properties for various microstructures under extreme loading conditions enables a greater understanding of a range of high pressure, high strain rate phenomena, extending from spa…

Ta compressibility to 20+ Mbar Open

M. G. Gorman, S. J. Ali, C. Y. Wu, R. F. Smith, Lorin X. Benedict , et al. · 2022

Developing techniques for experimentally constraining equation of state (EOS) models for important programmatic materials under extreme conditions is vital for advancing our modeling and predictive capabilities. Tantalum is a frequently us…

X-ray source characterization and sample heating on x-ray diffraction experiments at the National Ignition Facility Open

A. Krygier, C. E. Wehrenberg, Joel V. Bernier, Samantha M. Clarke, A. L. Coleman , et al. · 2022

X-ray diffraction is a powerful measurement technique for determining material properties, and it is now possible to perform these experiments at pressures exceeding 1 TPa [Rygg et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 043902 (2020)] at the National…

Femtosecond diffraction studies of the sodium chloride phase diagram under laser shock compression Open

Vinay Rastogi, R. F. Smith, Damian Swift, R. Briggs, M. G. Gorman , et al. · 2022

The phase diagram of sodium chloride (NaCl) under laser shock compression has been studied at Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the x-ray free-electron laser facility. Both solid–solid (B1 → B2) and solid–liquid (B2 → liquid) transitio…

Transition to efficient, unsuppressed bulk-target ion acceleration via high-fluence laser irradiation Open

D. P. Higginson, J. Kim, G. M. Petrov, Damian Swift, J. A. Cobble , et al. · 2022

A high-intensity laser irradiating a few-μm solid foil will accelerate ions from the bulk of the target as well as protons from a surface contaminant layer. Experimental measurements of ion spectra using the OMEGA EP laser (0.25–1 kJ, 10 p…

Evidence for Dissociation and Ionization in Shock Compressed Nitrogen to 800 GPa Open

Yong-Jae Kim, Burkhard Militzer, Brian Boates, Stanimir Bonev, P. M. Celliers , et al. · 2022

Triple bonding in the nitrogen molecule (N₂) is among the strongest chemical bonds with a dissociation enthalpy of 9.8 eV/molecule. Nitrogen is therefore an excellent test bed for theoretical and numerical methods aimed at under…

Development of slurry targets for high repetition-rate x-ray free electron laser experiments Open

R. F. Smith, Vinay Rastogi, Amy Lazicki, M. G. Gorman, R. Briggs , et al. · 2022

Combining an x-ray free electron laser with a high-power laser driver enables the study of equations-of-state, high strain-rate deformation processes, structural phase transitions, and transformation pathways as a function of pressure to h…

Author Correction: Metastability of diamond ramp-compressed to 2 terapascals Open

Amy Lazicki, D. McGonegle, J. R. Rygg, D. G. Braun, Damian Swift , et al. · 2022

Shock Hugoniot of diamond from 3 to 80 TPa Open

Damian Swift, A. L. Kritcher, Amy Lazicki, J. Hawreliak, T. Doeppner , et al. · 2022

The principal Hugoniot of carbon, initially diamond, was measured from 3 to 80 TPa (30 to 800 million atmospheres), the highest pressure ever achieved, using radiography of spherically-converging shocks. The shocks were generated by ablati…

A broad study of tantalum strength from ambient to extreme conditions Open

Michael B. Prime, A. Arsenlis, Ryan Austin, Nathan R. Barton, Corbett Chandler. Battaile , et al. · 2022

By combining experiments and modeling from three US national laboratories, we explore compressive strength in a well-characterized material, tantalum, across pressures from zero to over 350 GPa, strain-rates from 10^-3/s to 10

Improved analysis of converging shock radiographs Open

Damian Swift, A. L. Kritcher, Amy Lazicki, Natalie Kostinski, Brian Maddox , et al. · 2022

We previously reported an experimental platform to induce a spherically-convergent shock in a sample using laser-driven ablation, probed with time-resolved x-ray radiography, and an analysis method to deduce states along the principal shoc…

Equation of state and strength of diamond in high-pressure ramp loading Open

Damian Swift, Olivier Heuzé, Amy Lazicki, Sébastien Hamel, Lorin X. Benedict , et al. · 2022

Diamond is used extensively as a component in high-energy-density experiments, but existing equation of state (EOS) models do not capture its observed response to dynamic loading. In particular, in contrast with first-principles theoretica…

Atom-in-jellium predictions of the shear modulus at high pressure Open

Damian Swift, Thomas Lockard, Sébastien Hamel, Christine J. Wu, Lorin X. Benedict , et al. · 2022

Atom-in-jellium calculations of the Einstein frequency in condensed matter and of the equation of state were used to predict the variation of shear modulus from zero pressure to ~10⁷g/cm³, for several elements relevan…

Measuring the melting curve of iron at super-Earth core conditions Open

Richard Kraus, Russell J. Hemley, S. J. Ali, Jonathan L. Belof, Lorin X. Benedict , et al. · 2022

Terapascal iron-melting temperature The pressure and temperature conditions at which iron melts are important for terrestrial planets because they determine the size of the liquid metal core, an important factor for understanding the poten…

Development of slurry targets for high repetition-rate XFEL experiments Open

R. F. Smith, Vinay Rastogi, Amy Lazicki, M. G. Gorman, Richard W. Briggs , et al. · 2022

Combining an x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) with high power laser drivers enables the study of phase transitions, equation-of-state, grain growth, strength, and transformation pathways as a function of pressure to 100s GPa along differen…

Comparison of ablators for the polar direct drive exploding pusher platform Open

Heather D. Whitley, G. Elijah Kemp, C. B. Yeamans, Zachary B. Walters, B. E. Blue , et al. · 2022

We examine the performance of pure boron, boron carbide, high density carbon, and boron nitride ablators in the polar direct drive exploding pusher (PDXP) platform. The platform uses the polar direct drive conguration at the National Ignit…

Using neutrons and x rays to measure plasma conditions in a solid sphere of deuterated polyethylene compressed to densities of 35 g/cc at temperatures of 2 keV and pressures of 40 Gbar Open

Joseph Nilsen, B. Bachmann, G. B. Zimmerman, R. Hatarik, T. Döppner , et al. · 2021

This paper describes an experiment that shock compresses the center of a solid deuterated polyethylene sphere, CD2, to densities of 35 g/cc and temperatures of 2 keV with corresponding pressure of 40 Gbar. The design employs a strong spher…

Dislocation-based strength model for high energy density conditions Open

Damian Swift, Kazem Alidoost, Ryan Austin, Thomas Lockard, Christine Wu , et al. · 2021

We derive a continuum-level plasticity model for polycrystalline materials in the high energy density regime, based on a single dislocation density and single mobility mechanism, with an evolution model for the dislocation density. The mod…

Investigations of the high-pressure high-temperature behaviour of Au using laser-driven dynamic compression Open

A. L. Coleman, R. F. Smith, Tom Lockard, Damian Swift, J. M. McNaney · 2021

Au has long been regarded as an important calibration standard in the high-pressure diffraction community, especially for experiments involving diamond anvil cells.The face centred cubic phase of Au is believe to be stable for hundreds of …

Simultaneous compression and opacity data from time-series radiography with a Lagrangian marker Open

Damian Swift, A. L. Kritcher, J. Hawreliak, James A. Gaffney, Amy Lazicki , et al. · 2021

Time-resolved radiography can be used to obtain absolute shock Hugoniot states by simultaneously measuring at least two mechanical parameters of the shock, and this technique is particularly suitable for one-dimensional converging shocks w…

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