Dan J. Stein
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View article: Increased risk of smoking and pain in individuals with intermittent explosive disorder in the All of Us dataset
Increased risk of smoking and pain in individuals with intermittent explosive disorder in the All of Us dataset Open
Introduction Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) is characterized by recurrent impulsive aggression and has been linked to impairments in physical and psychological functioning. However, population-based evidence examining health-related…
View article: Mapping the genetic landscape across 14 psychiatric disorders
Mapping the genetic landscape across 14 psychiatric disorders Open
Psychiatric disorders display high levels of comorbidity and genetic overlap1,2, challenging current diagnostic boundaries. For disorders for which diagnostic separation has been most debated, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder3, g…
View article: White Matter Microstructure Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Mega-Analysis Across Twelve Cohorts in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
White Matter Microstructure Alterations in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Mega-Analysis Across Twelve Cohorts in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group Open
Using a mega-analytic approach, several differences in WM microstructure were found between individuals with SAD and HC participants, both in the full sample and in age group-specific sensitivity analyses. Some neurobiological changes in W…
View article: Association between maternal organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) metabolite levels during pregnancy and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in children at 2-5 years
Association between maternal organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) metabolite levels during pregnancy and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in children at 2-5 years Open
Background Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) metabolites are frequently detected in human samples. Their structural similarity to polybrominated diphenyl ethers raises concerns about potential neurotoxicity. Animal and limited huma…
View article: Association of early life adversity with internalizing and externalizing behavior across 3 low- and middle-income countries
Association of early life adversity with internalizing and externalizing behavior across 3 low- and middle-income countries Open
Introduction Early life adversity (ELA) is associated with increased internalizing and externalizing behavior in high-income cohorts. It is unclear to what extent these associations generalize to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). W…
View article: Key biopsychosocial lessons from a South African birth cohort: A review and reflection
Key biopsychosocial lessons from a South African birth cohort: A review and reflection Open
Background: Birth cohorts provide evidence regarding factors promoting child neurodevelopment, including optimal maternal mental health and a secure early environment. Few birth cohorts exist in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), an…
View article: Correlates and persistence of OCD and related disorders: Findings from a national LMIC student survey
Correlates and persistence of OCD and related disorders: Findings from a national LMIC student survey Open
Background: Although research on the epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is growing, most studies are from high-income countries, with limited data on obsessive-compulsive related disorders (OCRDs). Whereas age of onset, pe…
View article: Maternal and child immune profiles are associated with neurometabolite measures of early-life neuroinflammation in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected: a South African birth cohort
Maternal and child immune profiles are associated with neurometabolite measures of early-life neuroinflammation in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected: a South African birth cohort Open
Background Children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected (HEU) are at risk of neurodevelopmental delays, potentially via prenatal immune dysregulation. We investigated whether maternal and child peripheral blood immune markers relate to earl…
View article: Inhibitory control and error processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A mega-analysis of task-based fMRI data by the ENIGMA-OCD consortium
Inhibitory control and error processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A mega-analysis of task-based fMRI data by the ENIGMA-OCD consortium Open
Objective Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition in which impaired inhibitory control and excessive error monitoring may contribute to the maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. This mega-analysis investigates neura…
View article: Cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies of childhood ADHD symptoms
Cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies of childhood ADHD symptoms Open
Studying DNA methylation (DNAm) can provide insights into gene-regulatory mechanisms underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While most DNAm studies were performed in bulk tissue, this study used statistical deconvoluti…
View article: Problematic usage of the internet: Converging and diverging terminologies and constructs
Problematic usage of the internet: Converging and diverging terminologies and constructs Open
Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an increasing global concern, leading to significant negative impacts in various levels. PUI is an umbrella term comprised of subcategories, including online gaming disorder, online gambling disor…
View article: Maternal and early-life longitudinal cytokine profiles in a South African birth cohort: the impact of HIV
Maternal and early-life longitudinal cytokine profiles in a South African birth cohort: the impact of HIV Open
Background During pregnancy, exposure to maternal HIV and a disrupted cytokine environment may impact foetal immune development and health outcomes through cytokine-mediated mechanisms. We evaluated (i) peripheral blood cytokine difference…
View article: Child Mental Health Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Twin-Family Feasibility Study in Nigeria
Child Mental Health Research in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Twin-Family Feasibility Study in Nigeria Open
Globally, most children and adolescents live in low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries. Despite the high and under-recognized mental health burden in these settings, there is little systematic research to inform cost-effective mental heal…
View article: Executive functioning in adolescents with internalizing disorders: a systematic review
Executive functioning in adolescents with internalizing disorders: a systematic review Open
Internalizing disorders (INTs), including anxiety (AD) and depressive disorders (DD), frequently emerge during adolescence. Studies suggest that certain core domains of executive functioning (EF), i.e. inhibition, shifting and working memo…
View article: South Africa’s mental health human resources dilemma: from shortage to solution
South Africa’s mental health human resources dilemma: from shortage to solution Open
Aim This paper investigates the critical shortage of mental health human resources in South Africa, exacerbated by longstanding socio-economic challenges and the COVID-19 pandemic. It assesses the current state of mental health human resou…
View article: Longitudinally investigating patterns of maternal psychological distress in a South African birth cohort
Longitudinally investigating patterns of maternal psychological distress in a South African birth cohort Open
Background Psychological distress, a broad construct that encompasses of a range of emotional difficulties—including depression and anxiety—is prevalent during pregnancy and postnatally with up to 25% of women experiencing psychological di…
View article: Treatment Approaches for Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI): A Dual-Level Meta-Analysis of Meta-Analyses and Randomized Controlled Trials
Treatment Approaches for Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI): A Dual-Level Meta-Analysis of Meta-Analyses and Randomized Controlled Trials Open
Background Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is a growing public health concern, with a rapidly expanding literature of primary trials and meta-analyses on treatment approaches. However, this evidence base remains fragmented due to d…
View article: Research priorities in gambling: Findings of a large-scale expert study
Research priorities in gambling: Findings of a large-scale expert study Open
Objective While gambling is a growing public health concern, research resources are limited, and no guidance is available to prioritise research. This study aimed to identify priorities for gambling research on a global scale using a syste…
View article: Beyond symptom improvement: transdiagnostic and disorder‐specific ways to assess functional and quality of life outcomes across mental disorders in adults
Beyond symptom improvement: transdiagnostic and disorder‐specific ways to assess functional and quality of life outcomes across mental disorders in adults Open
Improving meaningful outcomes is the main goal of clinical care for mental disorders. Traditionally, the focus in clinical research and practice has been on outcome domains that refer to symptom severity or service use (e.g., hospitalizati…
View article: Systematic review and meta-analysis of child and adolescent mental health in South Africa
Systematic review and meta-analysis of child and adolescent mental health in South Africa Open
Introduction Reliable epidemiological data are crucial to make evidence-based decisions about youth mental health. Yet little is known about the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental health in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a syste…
View article: Problematic Usage of the Internet: Converging and Diverging Terminologies and Constructs
Problematic Usage of the Internet: Converging and Diverging Terminologies and Constructs Open
Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an increasing global concern, leading to significant negative impacts in various levels. PUI is an umbrella term comprised of subcategories, including online gaming disorder, online gambling disor…
View article: Consortium profile: the methylation, imaging and NeuroDevelopment (MIND) consortium
Consortium profile: the methylation, imaging and NeuroDevelopment (MIND) consortium Open
Epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, show potential as biological markers and mechanisms underlying gene-environment interplay in the prediction of mental health and other brain-based phenotypes. However, little is known about ho…
View article: Maternal intimate partner violence exposure is associated with differences in cortical structure in 2-to-3-year-old children: A prospective investigation from the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS)
Maternal intimate partner violence exposure is associated with differences in cortical structure in 2-to-3-year-old children: A prospective investigation from the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS) Open
The adverse impacts of psychological stress during pregnancy are well established, with negative outcomes reported for both mothers and children. Intimate partner violence (IPV) represents a significant stressor, with high prevalence in lo…