Daniel J. Deer
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View article: Experimental challenge of African green monkeys with contemporary Hendra virus isolates produces divergent clinical disease
Experimental challenge of African green monkeys with contemporary Hendra virus isolates produces divergent clinical disease Open
Hendra virus (HeV) is a medically important, zoonotic paramyxovirus that emerged over thirty years ago which causes severe, often fatal disease in humans and animals. There are presently no approved medical countermeasures to prevent or tr…
View article: Lassa fever in African green monkeys: Clinical disease and fatal outcome are associated with systemic viral dissemination and inflammation
Lassa fever in African green monkeys: Clinical disease and fatal outcome are associated with systemic viral dissemination and inflammation Open
Lassa virus (LASV) causes significant human morbidity and mortality in endemic areas of West Africa. Previous studies have shown that cynomolgus macaques of non-Mauritius Asian origin best reproduce clinical features of human Lassa fever (…
View article: Remdesivir, mAb114, REGN-EB3, and ZMapp partially rescue nonhuman primates infected with a low passage Kikwit variant of Ebola virus
Remdesivir, mAb114, REGN-EB3, and ZMapp partially rescue nonhuman primates infected with a low passage Kikwit variant of Ebola virus Open
In 2018, a clinical trial of four investigational therapies for Ebola virus disease (EVD), known as the PALM trial, was conducted in the Democratic Republic of Congo. All patients received either the antiviral remdesivir (RDV) or a monoclo…
View article: The oral drug obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against lethal Ebola virus infection
The oral drug obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against lethal Ebola virus infection Open
Obeldesivir (ODV; GS-5245) is an orally administered ester prodrug of the parent nucleoside GS-441524 that has broad spectrum antiviral activity inhibiting viral RNA–dependent RNA polymerases. We recently showed that ODV completely protect…
View article: Pathogenesis of Chapare virus in cynomolgus macaques
Pathogenesis of Chapare virus in cynomolgus macaques Open
Chapare virus (CHAPV) is an emerging New World arenavirus that is the causative agent of Chapare haemorrhagic fever (CHHF) responsible for recent outbreaks with alarmingly high case fatality rates in Bolivia near the Brazilian border. Here…
View article: Establishing an immune correlate of protection for Nipah virus in nonhuman primates
Establishing an immune correlate of protection for Nipah virus in nonhuman primates Open
The limited but recurrent outbreaks of the zoonotic Nipah virus (NiV) infection in humans, its high fatality rate, and the potential virus transmission from human to human make NiV a concerning threat with pandemic potential. There are no …
View article: Oral administration of obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i>
Oral administration of obeldesivir protects nonhuman primates against <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i> Open
Obeldesivir (ODV, GS-5245) is an orally administered prodrug of the parent nucleoside of remdesivir (RDV) and is presently in phase 3 trials for COVID-19 treatment. In this work, we show that ODV and its circulating parent nucleoside metab…
View article: Monoclonal antibody therapy protects nonhuman primates against mucosal exposure to Lassa virus
Monoclonal antibody therapy protects nonhuman primates against mucosal exposure to Lassa virus Open
View article: Monoclonal antibody therapy demonstrates increased virulence of a lineage VII strain of Lassa virus in nonhuman primates
Monoclonal antibody therapy demonstrates increased virulence of a lineage VII strain of Lassa virus in nonhuman primates Open
Lassa virus (LASV) is a World Health Organization (WHO) priority pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality. Recently, we showed that a combination of three broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies known as Arevirumab-3 (8.9…
View article: Thermostable bivalent filovirus vaccine protects against severe and lethal Sudan ebolavirus and marburgvirus infection
Thermostable bivalent filovirus vaccine protects against severe and lethal Sudan ebolavirus and marburgvirus infection Open
View article: The Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Bamlanivimab Does Not Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Infection by FcR-Mediated Mechanisms
The Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Bamlanivimab Does Not Enhance SARS-CoV-2 Infection by FcR-Mediated Mechanisms Open
As part of the non-clinical safety package characterizing bamlanivimab (SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody), the risk profile for antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) was evaluated in vitro and in an African green mon…
View article: A human monoclonal antibody combination rescues nonhuman primates from advanced disease caused by the major lineages of Lassa virus
A human monoclonal antibody combination rescues nonhuman primates from advanced disease caused by the major lineages of Lassa virus Open
There are no approved treatments for Lassa fever (LF), which is responsible for thousands of deaths each year in West Africa. A major challenge in developing effective medical countermeasures against LF is the high diversity of circulating…
View article: Long-term Prophylaxis Against Aerosolized Marburg Virus in Nonhuman Primates With an Afucosylated Monoclonal Antibody
Long-term Prophylaxis Against Aerosolized Marburg Virus in Nonhuman Primates With an Afucosylated Monoclonal Antibody Open
Marburg virus (MARV) causes a hemorrhagic fever disease in human and nonhuman primates with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Concerns about weaponization of aerosolized MARV have spurred the development of nonhuman primate (NHP) mod…
View article: Natural History of Nonhuman Primates After Oral Exposure to Ebola Virus Variant Makona
Natural History of Nonhuman Primates After Oral Exposure to Ebola Virus Variant Makona Open
Background The primary route of infection by Ebola virus (EBOV) is through contact of mucosal surfaces. Few studies have explored infection of nonhuman primates (NHPs) via the oral mucosa, which is a probable portal of natural infection in…
View article: A Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Based Vaccine Provides Postexposure Protection Against Bundibugyo Ebolavirus Infection
A Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Based Vaccine Provides Postexposure Protection Against Bundibugyo Ebolavirus Infection Open
Background The filovirus Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) causes severe disease with a mortality rate of approximately 20%–51%. The only licensed filovirus vaccine in the United States, Ervebo, consists of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (…
View article: A Highly Attenuated Panfilovirus VesiculoVax Vaccine Rapidly Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Marburg Virus and 3 Species of Ebola Virus
A Highly Attenuated Panfilovirus VesiculoVax Vaccine Rapidly Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Marburg Virus and 3 Species of Ebola Virus Open
Background The family Filoviridae consists of several virus members known to cause significant mortality and disease in humans. Among these, Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MARV), Sudan virus (SUDV), and Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) are cons…
View article: Pathogenesis of Aerosolized Ebola Virus Variant Makona in Nonhuman Primates
Pathogenesis of Aerosolized Ebola Virus Variant Makona in Nonhuman Primates Open
Background Highly pathogenic filoviruses such as Ebola virus (EBOV) hold capacity for delivery by artificial aerosols, and thus potential for intentional misuse. Previous studies have shown that high doses of EBOV delivered by small-partic…
View article: Natural history of nonhuman primates after conjunctival exposure to Ebola virus
Natural history of nonhuman primates after conjunctival exposure to Ebola virus Open
Transmission of Ebola virus (EBOV) primarily occurs via contact exposure of mucosal surfaces with infected body fluids. Historically, nonhuman primate (NHP) challenge studies have employed intramuscular (i.m.) or small particle aerosol exp…
View article: Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease
Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease Open
The emergence of the novel henipavirus, Langya virus, received global attention after the virus sickened over three dozen people in China. There is heightened concern that henipaviruses, as respiratory pathogens, could spark another pandem…
View article: The therapeutic monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab does not enhance SARS‑CoV-2 infection by FcR-mediated mechanisms
The therapeutic monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab does not enhance SARS‑CoV-2 infection by FcR-mediated mechanisms Open
Background Antibodies targeting envelope glycoproteins have been shown in some instances to enhance infection by subverting Fc receptor and complement function, or by directly inducing fusion with cellular membranes. The potential for anti…
View article: A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against heterologous lethal Lassa fever
A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against heterologous lethal Lassa fever Open
Lassa virus (LASV) is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the top five pathogens likely to cause a severe outbreak. A recent unprecedented resurgence of LASV in Nigeria caused by genetically diverse strains underscores th…
View article: Reversion of Ebolavirus Disease from a Single Intramuscular Injection of a Pan-Ebolavirus Immunotherapeutic
Reversion of Ebolavirus Disease from a Single Intramuscular Injection of a Pan-Ebolavirus Immunotherapeutic Open
Intravenous (IV) administration of antiviral monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be challenging, particularly during an ongoing epidemic, due to the considerable resources required for performing infusions. An ebolavirus therapeutic administe…
View article: Natural history of <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i> infection in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques
Natural history of <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i> infection in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques Open
Due to its high mortality rate and continued re-emergence, Ebolavirus disease (EVD) continues to pose a serious threat to global health. A group of viruses within the genus Ebolavirus causes this severe hemorrhagic disease in humans…
View article: A highly attenuated Vesiculovax vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Marburg virus challenge
A highly attenuated Vesiculovax vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Marburg virus challenge Open
Background Marburg virus (MARV), an Ebola-like virus, remains an eminent threat to public health as demonstrated by its high associated mortality rate (23–90%) and recent emergence in West Africa for the first time. Although a recombinant …
View article: Combination therapy with remdesivir and monoclonal antibodies protects nonhuman primates against advanced Sudan virus disease
Combination therapy with remdesivir and monoclonal antibodies protects nonhuman primates against advanced Sudan virus disease Open
A major challenge in managing acute viral infections is ameliorating disease when treatment is delayed. Previously, we reported the success of a 2-pronged mAb and antiviral remdesivir therapeutic approach to treat advanced illness in rhesu…
View article: A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease
A recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Nipah virus disease Open
Significance Concern has increased about the pandemic potential of Nipah virus (NiV). Similar to SARS-CoV-2, NiV is an RNA virus that is transmitted by respiratory droplets. There are currently no NiV vaccines licensed for human use. While…
View article: A highly attenuated Vesiculovax vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Marburg virus challenge
A highly attenuated Vesiculovax vaccine rapidly protects nonhuman primates against lethal Marburg virus challenge Open
Background Marburg virus (MARV), an Ebola-like virus, remains an eminent threat to public health as demonstrated by its high associated mortality rate (23-90%) and recent emergence in West Africa for the first time. Although a recombinant …
View article: Reversion of Ebolavirus Disease from a Single Intramuscular Injection of a pan-Ebolavirus Immunotherapeutic
Reversion of Ebolavirus Disease from a Single Intramuscular Injection of a pan-Ebolavirus Immunotherapeutic Open
Intravenous administration (IV) of antiviral monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is challenging due to limited resources for performing infusions during an ongoing epidemic. An ebolavirus therapeutic administered via intramuscular (IM) injection …
View article: Natural history of <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i> infection in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques
Natural history of <i>Sudan ebolavirus</i> infection in rhesus and cynomolgus macaques Open
Due to its high mortality rate and continued re-emergence, Ebolavirus disease (EVD) continues to pose a serious threat to global health. A group of viruses within the genus Ebolavirus causes this severe hemorrhagic disease in humans…
View article: Natural history of nonhuman primates after conjunctival exposure to Ebola virus
Natural history of nonhuman primates after conjunctival exposure to Ebola virus Open
Summary Transmission of Ebola virus (EBOV) primarily occurs via contact exposure of mucosal surfaces with infected body fluids. Historically, nonhuman primate (NHP) challenge studies have employed intramuscular or small particle aerosol ex…