Dara A. Lehman
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View article: Longitudinal dynamics of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in response to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and HIV infection in Kenyan women and their children
Longitudinal dynamics of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in response to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and HIV infection in Kenyan women and their children Open
The nasopharynx and its microbiota are implicated in respiratory health and disease. The interplay between viral infection and the nasopharyngeal microbiome is an area of increased interest. The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome …
View article: Intact HIV DNA decays in children with and without complete viral load suppression
Intact HIV DNA decays in children with and without complete viral load suppression Open
To inform cure in children living with HIV (CWH), we elucidated the dynamics and mechanisms underlying HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART). In 120 Kenyan CWH who initiated ART between 1-12 months of age, 55 had durable vira…
View article: The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy
The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy Open
Background Historically, children who are HIV-exposed, uninfected (CHEU) have been found to have greater morbidity and mortality than children who are HIV-unexposed, uninfected (CHUU). To assess whether this difference persists in the era …
View article: PP4.17 – 00063 Distinct immune profiles in children living with HIV based on timing and duration of suppressive antiretroviral treatment Madeline
PP4.17 – 00063 Distinct immune profiles in children living with HIV based on timing and duration of suppressive antiretroviral treatment Madeline Open
View article: PP2.7 – 00034 The Cross-Subtype Intact Proviral DNA Assay Detects >97% of Proviral Sequences from Diverse HIV Clades
PP2.7 – 00034 The Cross-Subtype Intact Proviral DNA Assay Detects >97% of Proviral Sequences from Diverse HIV Clades Open
View article: ST2.2 – 00065 Models and correlates of intact and defective HIV DNA decay in Kenyan children over 8 years of ART
ST2.2 – 00065 Models and correlates of intact and defective HIV DNA decay in Kenyan children over 8 years of ART Open
View article: Distinct immune profiles in children living with HIV based on timing and duration of suppressive antiretroviral treatment
Distinct immune profiles in children living with HIV based on timing and duration of suppressive antiretroviral treatment Open
Timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains a major challenge in the effort to treat children living with HIV (“CLH”) and little is known regarding the dynamics of immune normalization following ART in CLH with varying times …
View article: Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants
Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants Open
Microbiome perturbations can have long-term effects on health. The dynamics of the gut microbiome and virome in women living with HIV (WLHIV) and their newborn infants is poorly understood. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing analyse…
View article: Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants
Gut virome and microbiome dynamics before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in women living with HIV and their infants Open
Microbiome perturbations can have long-term effects on health. The dynamics of the gut microbiome and virome in women living with HIV (WLHIV) and their newborn infants is poorly understood. Here, we performed metagenomic sequencing analyse…
View article: Longitudinal dynamics of the nasopharyngal microbiome in response to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and HIV infection in Kenyan women and their infants
Longitudinal dynamics of the nasopharyngal microbiome in response to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and HIV infection in Kenyan women and their infants Open
The nasopharynx and its microbiota are implicated in respiratory health and disease. The interplay between viral infection and the nasopharyngeal microbiome is an area of increased interest and of clinical relevance. The impact of SARS-CoV…
View article: Using viral sequence diversity to estimate time of HIV infection in infants
Using viral sequence diversity to estimate time of HIV infection in infants Open
Age at HIV acquisition may influence viral pathogenesis in infants, and yet infection timing (i.e. date of infection) is not always known. Adult studies have estimated infection timing using rates of HIV RNA diversification, however, it is…
View article: Higher HIV-1 Env gp120-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) Activity Is Associated with Lower Levels of Defective HIV-1 Provirus
Higher HIV-1 Env gp120-Specific Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC) Activity Is Associated with Lower Levels of Defective HIV-1 Provirus Open
A cure for HIV-1 (HIV) remains unrealized due to a reservoir of latently infected cells that persist during antiretroviral therapy (ART), with reservoir size associated with adverse health outcomes and inversely with time to viral rebound …
View article: Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers
Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers Open
View article: Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers
Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers Open
Summary Infant antibody responses to viral infection can differ from those in adults. However, data on the specificity and function of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in infants, and direct compariso…
View article: Predictors of intact HIV DNA levels among children in Kenya
Predictors of intact HIV DNA levels among children in Kenya Open
Objective: We determined predictors of both intact (estimate of replication-competent) and total (intact and defective) HIV DNA in the reservoir among children with HIV. Design: HIV DNA in the reservoir was quantified longitudinally in chi…
View article: HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in postpartum Kenyan women and their infants
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in postpartum Kenyan women and their infants Open
Background HIV may increase SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and COVID-19 severity generally, but data are limited about its impact on postpartum women and their infants. As such, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 infection among mother-infant pairs in…
View article: Comparison of nucleocapsid and spike antibody ELISAs for determining SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity in Kenyan women and infants
Comparison of nucleocapsid and spike antibody ELISAs for determining SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositivity in Kenyan women and infants Open
A multitude of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) has been developed to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) antibodies since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic started in late 2019. Assessing the…
View article: Protocol for high-throughput reservoir quantification across global HIV subtypes using a cross-subtype intact proviral DNA assay
Protocol for high-throughput reservoir quantification across global HIV subtypes using a cross-subtype intact proviral DNA assay Open
The cross-subtype intact proviral DNA assay (CS-IPDA) is a high-throughput method to quantify HIV reservoir size in populations infected with any of the dominant global HIV-1 subtypes. Our protocol includes genomic DNA isolation optimized …
View article: Distinct Antibody Responses to Endemic Coronaviruses Pre- and Post-SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kenyan Infants and Mothers
Distinct Antibody Responses to Endemic Coronaviruses Pre- and Post-SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kenyan Infants and Mothers Open
Pre-existing antibodies that bind endemic human coronaviruses (eHCoVs) can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2, which is the betacoronavirus that causes COVID-19, but whether these responses influence SARS-CoV-2 infection is still under investigat…
View article: HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in postpartum Kenyan women and their infants
HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in postpartum Kenyan women and their infants Open
Background HIV may increase SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and COVID-19 severity generally, but data are limited about its impact on postpartum women and their infants. As such, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 infection among mother-infant pairs in…
View article: Distinct antibody responses to endemic coronaviruses pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kenyan infants and mothers
Distinct antibody responses to endemic coronaviruses pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kenyan infants and mothers Open
Pre-existing antibodies that bind endemic human coronaviruses (eHCoVs) can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2, the betacoronavirus that causes COVID-19, but whether these responses influence SARS-CoV-2 infection is still under investigation and i…
View article: Dynamic Changes in Breast Milk Microbiome in the Early Postpartum Period of Kenyan Women Living with HIV Are Influenced by Antibiotics but Not Antiretrovirals
Dynamic Changes in Breast Milk Microbiome in the Early Postpartum Period of Kenyan Women Living with HIV Are Influenced by Antibiotics but Not Antiretrovirals Open
Breastfeeding has important benefits for long-term infant health, particularly in establishing and shaping the infant gut microbiome. However, the impact of combination antiretroviral therapy exposure and antibiotics on the breast milk mic…
View article: HIV reservoir quantification using cross-subtype multiplex ddPCR
HIV reservoir quantification using cross-subtype multiplex ddPCR Open
A major barrier to conducting HIV cure research in populations with the highest HIV burden is the lack of an accurate assay to quantify the replication-competent reservoir across the dominant global HIV-1 subtypes. Here, we modify a subtyp…
View article: HIV reservoir quantification by five-target multiplex droplet digital PCR
HIV reservoir quantification by five-target multiplex droplet digital PCR Open
View article: A highly multiplexed droplet digital PCR assay to measure the intact HIV-1 proviral reservoir
A highly multiplexed droplet digital PCR assay to measure the intact HIV-1 proviral reservoir Open
Quantifying the replication-competent HIV reservoir is essential for evaluating curative strategies. Viral outgrowth assays (VOAs) underestimate the reservoir because they fail to induce all replication-competent proviruses. Single- or dou…
View article: Breast Milk Virome and Bacterial Microbiome Resilience in Kenyan Women Living with HIV
Breast Milk Virome and Bacterial Microbiome Resilience in Kenyan Women Living with HIV Open
Breastfeeding plays an important role in seeding the infant gut microbiome and mammary health. Although most studies focus on the diverse breast milk bacterial communities, little is known about the viral communities harbored in breast mil…
View article: Association Between Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Viremia And Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA Levels in the Reservoir of Kenyan Infants Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Association Between Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Viremia And Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA Levels in the Reservoir of Kenyan Infants Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy Open
Identifying determinants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir levels may inform novel viral eradication strategies. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) coinfections were assessed as predictors of HIV proviral DNA …
View article: Elevation of cervical C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 levels is associated with HIV-1 acquisition in pregnant and postpartum women
Elevation of cervical C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 levels is associated with HIV-1 acquisition in pregnant and postpartum women Open
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between cervical cytokine/chemokine concentrations and HIV-1 acquisition in peripartum Kenyan women. Design: Nested case–control study. Methods: Women participating in a prospective study of peripart…
View article: Zika Virus Circulates at Low Levels in Western and Coastal Kenya
Zika Virus Circulates at Low Levels in Western and Coastal Kenya Open
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) was discovered over 70 years ago in East Africa, but little is known about its circulation and pathogenesis there. Methods We screened 327 plasma samples collected 2–12 months after febrile illness in Western a…
Dynamics of HIV DNA reservoir seeding in a cohort of superinfected Kenyan women Open