Explanipedia

OR03-04 Lipidomic Insights Into Breast Milk: Impact on Infant Body Composition and Growth Open

Arti Uniyal, Chang Lu, Dreyfuss Jonathan, Emily Nagel, Armando Peña , et al. · 2025

Disclosure: A. Uniyal: None. C. Lu: None. D. Jonathan: None. E.M. Nagel: None. A. Peña: None. M.C. Rudolph: None. D.A. Fields: None. E. Demerath: None. E. Isganaitis: None. Introduction and Objectives Breast milk is a dynamic fluid rich in…

Maternal exercise during lactation reprograms obesity-related changes in mammary metabolism to optimize milk fatty acids and offspring energy expenditure Open

Gertrude Kyere-Davies, Kaitlyn Hill, Gregory P. Mullen, Rohan Varshney, Snehasis Das , et al. · 2025

Maternal obesity alters breast milk composition in ways that may predispose infants to excess adiposity. While maternal exercise during lactation has been associated with favorable shifts in milk metabolites in humans, the mechanisms by wh…

Methodological standards for body composition—an expert-endorsed guide for research and clinical applications: levels, models, and terminology Open

Carla M. Prado, Marı́a Cristina González, Kristina Norman, Rocco Barazzoni, Tommy Cederholm , et al. · 2025

Body composition assessment is widely used in both research and clinical practice, yet confusion over basic concepts and terminology persists, leading to inaccurate assessments, comparisons, and interpretations. To address this concern, an…

Gestational Diabetes, the Human Milk Metabolome, and Infant Growth and Adiposity Open

Emily Nagel, Armando Peña, Jonathan M. Dreyfuss, Eric F. Lock, Kelsey E. Johnson , et al. · 2024

Importance Gestational diabetes (GD) is linked to health risks for the birthing parent and infant. The outcomes of GD on human milk composition are mostly unknown. Objective To determine associations between GD, the human milk metabolome, …

Hidden: A Baker’s Dozen Ways in Which Research Reporting is Less Transparent than it Could be and Suggestions for Implementing Einstein’s Dictum Open

Abu Bakkar Siddique, Brian P. Shaw, Johanna Dwyer, David A. Fields, Kevin R. Fontaine , et al. · 2024

The tutelage of our mentors as scientists included the analogy that writing a good scientific paper was an exercise in storytelling that omitted unessential details that did not move the story forward or that detracted from the overall mes…

Maternal oral probiotic use is associated with decreased breastmilk inflammatory markers, infant fecal microbiome variation, and altered recognition memory responses in infants—a pilot observational study Open

Sara Gonia, Timothy Heisel, Neely C. Miller, Jacob L. Haapala, Lisa Harnack , et al. · 2024

Introduction Early life gut microbiomes are important for brain and immune system development in animal models. Probiotic use has been proposed as a strategy to promote health via modulation of microbiomes. In this observational study, we …

Human milk variation is shaped by maternal genetics and impacts the infant gut microbiome Open

Kelsey E. Johnson, Timothy Heisel, Mattea Allert, Annalee Fürst, Nikhila Yerabandi , et al. · 2024

Human milk is a complex mix of nutritional and bioactive components that provide complete nourishment for the infant. However, we lack a systematic knowledge of the factors shaping milk composition and how milk variation influences infant …

Human cytomegalovirus in breast milk is associated with milk composition and the infant gut microbiome and growth Open

Kelsey E. Johnson, Nelmary Hernandez-Alvarado, Mark Blackstad, Timothy Heisel, Mattea Allert , et al. · 2024

Assembly of the infant gut microbiome and resistome are linked to bacterial strains in mother’s milk Open

Mattea Allert, Pamela Ferretti, Kelsey E. Johnson, Timothy Heisel, Sara Gonia , et al. · 2024

The establishment of the gut microbiome in early life is critical for healthy infant development. Although human milk is recommended as sole nutrition for the infant, little is known about how variation in the milk microbiome shapes the mi…

Human Cytomegalovirus in breast milk is associated with milk composition, the infant gut microbiome, and infant growth Open

Kelsey E. Johnson, Timothy Heisel, David A. Fields, Elvira Isganaitis, Katherine M. Jacobs , et al. · 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus that is often transmitted to the neonate via breast milk. Postnatal CMV transmission can have negative health consequences for preterm and immunocompromised infants, but any eff…

Human milk variation is shaped by maternal genetics and impacts the infant gut microbiome Open

Kelsey E. Johnson, Timothy Heisel, Mattea Allert, Annalee Fürst, Nikhila Yerabandi , et al. · 2023

Human milk is a complex mix of nutritional and bioactive components that provide complete nutrition for the infant. However, we lack a systematic knowledge of the factors shaping milk composition and how milk variation influences infant he…

Revisiting One-Carbon Metabolites in Human Breast Milk: Focus on S-Adenosylmethionine Open

Carles Lerín, María Carmen Collado, Elvira Isganaitis, Erland Arning, Brandi Wasek , et al. · 2023

Breastfeeding is the gold standard for early nutrition. Metabolites from the one-carbon metabolism pool are crucial for infant development. The aim of this study is to compare the breast-milk one-carbon metabolic profile to other biofluids…

Bacterial, fungal, and interkingdom microbiome features of exclusively breastfeeding dyads are associated with infant age, antibiotic exposure, and birth mode Open

Timothy Heisel, Abigail J. Johnson, Sara Gonia, Abrielle Dillon, Emily Skalla , et al. · 2022

The composition and function of early life gut bacterial communities (microbiomes) have been proposed to modulate health for the long term. In addition to bacteria, fungi (mycobiomes) also colonize the early life gut and have been implicat…

Stability of Human-Milk Oligosaccharide Concentrations Over 1 Week of Lactation and Over 6 Hours Following a Standard Meal Open

Paige K. Berger, Hailey E Hampson, Kelsey A. Schmidt, Tanya L. Alderete, Annalee Fürst , et al. · 2022

Bone Mass Accrual in First Six Months of Life: Impact of Maternal Diabetes, Infant Adiposity, and Cord Blood Adipokines Open

Sowmya Krishnan, Christopher E. Aston, David A. Fields, April M. Teague, Timothy J. Lyons , et al. · 2022

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with Differences in Human Milk Hormone and Cytokine Concentrations in a Fully Breastfeeding United States Cohort Open

Yuni Choi, Emily Nagel, Harmeet Kharoud, Kelsey E. Johnson, Tiffany T. Gallagher , et al. · 2022

It is unclear whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) alters breast milk composition. We prospectively examined associations of GDM status with concentrations of six potentially bioactive elements (glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein …

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with Altered Abundance of Exosomal MicroRNAs in Human Milk Open

Kruti B. Shah, David A. Fields, Nathan Pezant, Harmeet Kharoud, Shelly Gulati , et al. · 2022

Bioactive compounds in mothers milk affecting offspring outcomes: A narrative review Open

Brigid Gregg, Lindsay Ellsworth, Gregory Pavela, Kruti B. Shah, Paige K. Berger , et al. · 2022

Summary Background Compared to the exhaustive study of transgenerational programming of obesity and diabetes through exposures in the prenatal period, postnatal programming mechanisms are understudied, including the potential role of breas…

Maternal Psychological Distress and Lactation and Breastfeeding Outcomes: a Narrative Review Open

Emily Nagel, Mariann A. Howland, Cynthia Pando, Jamie Stang, Susan M. Mason , et al. · 2021

Infant sex differences in human milk intake and composition from 1- to 3-month post-delivery in a healthy United States cohort Open

Erin K. Eckart, Jennifer D. Peck, Elyse O. Kharbanda, Emily Nagel, David A. Fields , et al. · 2021

Macronutrient composition of human milk differs by infant sex, but few studies have examined sex differences in other milk components, or their potential modification by maternal body mass index (BMI). We compared milk intake and human mil…

Human Milk Glucose, Leptin, and Insulin Predict Cessation of Full Breastfeeding and Initiation of Formula Use Open

Emily Nagel, Leslie Kummer, David R. Jacobs, Laurie Foster, Katy Duncan , et al. · 2021

Objective: We aimed to investigate prospective associations between milk bioactives related to metabolic health (glucose, insulin, leptin, C reactive protein [CRP], and interleukin 6 [IL-6]) and incident formula initiation at…

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Are Stable Over One-Week of Lactation and Over Six-Hours Following a Standardized Meal Open

Paige K. Berger, Jasmine F. Plows, Roshonda B. Jones, Tanya L. Alderete, Kelsey A. Schmidt , et al. · 2021

OBJECTIVES: Our prior studies revealed that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have numerous health benefits for nursing infants, and can also change dynamically over 24 months of lactation. However, the extent to which HMOs vary over days…

Increasing breast milk betaine modulates <i>Akkermansia</i> abundance in mammalian neonates and improves long-term metabolic health Open

Sílvia Ribó, David Sánchez‐Infantes, Laura Martinez-Guino, Izaskun García‐Mantrana, Marta Ramon‐Krauel , et al. · 2021

Maternal betaine supplementation during lactation increases breast milk betaine content with beneficial metabolic effects on mouse offspring.

Human Milk Exosomal MicroRNA: Associations with Maternal Overweight/Obesity and Infant Body Composition at 1 Month of Life Open

Kruti B. Shah, Steven D. Chernausek, Lori Garman, Nathan Pezant, Jasmine F. Plows , et al. · 2021

Among all the body fluids, breast milk is one of the richest sources of microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs packaged within the milk exosomes are bioavailable to breastfeeding infants. The role of miRNAs in determining infant growth and the impact …

Maternal Dietary Intake of Total Fat, Saturated Fat, and Added Sugar Is Associated with Infant Adiposity and Weight Status at 6 mo of Age Open

Emily Nagel, David R. Jacobs, Kelsey E. Johnson, Laurie Foster, Katy Duncan , et al. · 2021

Associations of breastfeeding or formula feeding with infant anthropometry and body composition at 6 months Open

Muna J. Tahir, Keisuke Ejima, Peng Li, Ellen W. Demerath, David B. Allison , et al. · 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of mode of feeding with infant anthropometric and body composition variables at 6 months of age. We studied 259 infants whose exclusive mode of feeding (breast or formula) to …

Brown Fat–Activating Lipokine 12,13-diHOME in Human Milk Is Associated With Infant Adiposity Open

Danielle Wolfs, Matthew D. Lynes, Yu‐Hua Tseng, Stephanie Pierce, Valerie Bussberg , et al. · 2020

Context Little is known about the specific breastmilk components responsible for protective effects on infant obesity. Whether 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-diHOME), an oxidized linoleic acid metabolite and activator of brown…

Associations Among Maternal Adiposity, Insulin, and Adipokines in Circulation and Human Milk Open

Camille R. Schneider, Jessica Bahorski, David A. Fields, Barbara A. Gower, José R. Fernández , et al. · 2020

Background Insulin, leptin, and adiponectin regulate energy balance and may influence infant growth via their presence in human milk. Maternal body mass index has been associated with human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin concentrati…

Associations of maternal fructose and sugar-sweetened beverage and juice intake during lactation with infant neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months Open

Paige K. Berger, Jasmine F. Plows, Roshonda B. Jones, Tanya L. Alderete, Claudia Rios , et al. · 2020

Cardiac amyloidosis possibly secondary to Agent Orange exposure Open

Ryan Dean, Evan Nix, Lindsay Porter, David A. Fields, Nneka Okeke , et al. · 2020

Much research has focused on the association between the toxic metabolites of the tactical herbicide Agent Orange and several blood cancers, including systemic amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis. Here we present a rare case of heart fail…

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