David A. Fifield
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View article: Dealing with the heat: Assessing heat stress in an Arctic seabird using 3D-printed thermal models
Dealing with the heat: Assessing heat stress in an Arctic seabird using 3D-printed thermal models Open
The Arctic is warming at four times the global average rate and most studies have focused on the indirect (e.g., changes in food web) rather than the direct effects of climate change. However, as Arctic animals often have low capacity to d…
View article: Noise results in lower quality of an important forage fish, the Pacific sand lance, Ammodytes personatus
Noise results in lower quality of an important forage fish, the Pacific sand lance, Ammodytes personatus Open
Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive environmental pollutant that continues to expand and increase globally, especially in marine environments, affecting many marine animals, especially fish. Although interest and concern regarding the effec…
View article: Using model‐based distance sampling to estimate decadal population change in Northern Gannets (<i>Morus bassanus</i>) across periods spanned by different at‐sea survey methods
Using model‐based distance sampling to estimate decadal population change in Northern Gannets (<i>Morus bassanus</i>) across periods spanned by different at‐sea survey methods Open
Seabirds are important sentinels of climate and ecosystem change, but many breeding populations are difficult to monitor because of the remoteness and inaccessibility of their colonies, and the sometimes cryptic nature of their nests and b…
View article: A History of Monitoring Marine Birds at Sea in Eastern and Arctic Canada
A History of Monitoring Marine Birds at Sea in Eastern and Arctic Canada Open
Systematic surveys of marine birds from ships were first conducted by the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) in Atlantic Canada in 1965, and then expanded to the Canadian Arctic in 1969 under PIROP (Programme intégré de recherches sur les ois…
View article: Migratory pathways and winter destinations of Northern Gannets breeding at Helgoland (North Sea): known patterns and increasing importance of the Baltic Sea
Migratory pathways and winter destinations of Northern Gannets breeding at Helgoland (North Sea): known patterns and increasing importance of the Baltic Sea Open
We analysed the migratory behaviour of adult Northern Gannets ( Morus bassanus ) breeding at Helgoland in the North Sea, based on data obtained from geolocation devices in the non-breeding season 2016–2017. Birds moved east and south-west …
View article: Burrow nests fall below critical temperatures of threatened seabirds but offer thermal refuge during extreme cold events
Burrow nests fall below critical temperatures of threatened seabirds but offer thermal refuge during extreme cold events Open
Climate change is altering the severity and intensity of extreme weather events. Occupying microhabitats that buffer extreme weather may help species avoid harsh environmental conditions. We describe the thermal microclimate of Atlantic Pu…
View article: Small tube-nosed seabirds fledge on the full moon and throughout the lunar cycle
Small tube-nosed seabirds fledge on the full moon and throughout the lunar cycle Open
Many seabirds are attracted to anthropogenic light, and the risk is greater for recent fledglings. Moon phase predicts the probability of stranding (fewer birds strand on the full moon), but it remains uncertain whether moon phase is assoc…
View article: Inter-colony variation in predation, mercury burden and adult survival in a declining seabird
Inter-colony variation in predation, mercury burden and adult survival in a declining seabird Open
Migratory species with disjunct and localized breeding distributions, including many colonial marine birds, pose challenges for management and conservation as their dynamics are shaped by both broad oceanographic changes and specific facto…
View article: Burrows buffer nest temperatures and offer a stable thermal microclimate for threatened seabird chicks during extreme events
Burrows buffer nest temperatures and offer a stable thermal microclimate for threatened seabird chicks during extreme events Open
Climate change is altering the severity and intensity of extreme weather events. Occupying microhabitats that buffer extreme weather may help species avoid harsh environmental conditions. Monitoring important habitats during extreme weathe…
View article: Leach’s Storm-Petrels fledge on the full moon and throughout the lunar cycle
Leach’s Storm-Petrels fledge on the full moon and throughout the lunar cycle Open
Many seabirds are attracted to anthropogenic light, and the risk is greater for recent fledglings. Lunar phase predicts the probability of stranding, but it remains uncertain whether lunar phase is associated with when young seabirds fledg…
View article: River- and Sex-Specific Annual Survival Rates of Mature Anadromous Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
River- and Sex-Specific Annual Survival Rates of Mature Anadromous Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) Open
During multiple annual spawning runs from 2013 to 2021, over 9,000 mature anadromous alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus A. Wilson, 1811) were monitored with passive integrated transponders (PITs) in four rivers of the Chignecto Isthmus, Bay of …
View article: Apparent Survival Among Adult Leach's Storm Petrels <i>Hydrobates leucorhous</i> on a Colony Managed for Predators in Nova Scotia, Canada
Apparent Survival Among Adult Leach's Storm Petrels <i>Hydrobates leucorhous</i> on a Colony Managed for Predators in Nova Scotia, Canada Open
Population declines of Leach’s Storm Petrels Hydrobates leucorhous in the western Atlantic have both led to the species’ recent assessment as Threatened in Canada and contributed to a Vulnerable designation by the IUCN. Limited information…
View article: Experts’ opinions on threats to Leach’s Storm-Petrels ( Hydrobates leucorhous ) across their global range
Experts’ opinions on threats to Leach’s Storm-Petrels ( Hydrobates leucorhous ) across their global range Open
Seabirds are declining globally, though the threats they face differ among and within species and populations. Following substantial population declines at several breeding colonies, Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates leucorhous) was upliste…
View article: Predicting Seabird Foraging Habitat for Conservation Planning in Atlantic Canada: Integrating Telemetry and Survey Data Across Thousands of Colonies
Predicting Seabird Foraging Habitat for Conservation Planning in Atlantic Canada: Integrating Telemetry and Survey Data Across Thousands of Colonies Open
Conservation of mobile organisms is difficult in the absence of detailed information about movement and habitat use. While the miniaturization of tracking devices has eased the collection of such information, it remains logistically and fi…
View article: Foraging Paths of Breeding Leach’s Storm-Petrels in Relation to Offshore Oil Platforms, Breeding Stage, and Year
Foraging Paths of Breeding Leach’s Storm-Petrels in Relation to Offshore Oil Platforms, Breeding Stage, and Year Open
The global population of Leach’s Storm-Petrels ( Hydrobates leucorhous ), the smallest and most abundant breeding seabird species in eastern Canada, has declined substantially in recent decades. The species is listed as “Threatened” by the…
View article: Extending density surface models to include multiple and double-observer survey data
Extending density surface models to include multiple and double-observer survey data Open
Spatial models of density and abundance are widely used in both ecological research ( e.g ., to study habitat use) and wildlife management ( e.g. , for population monitoring and environmental impact assessment). Increasingly, modellers are…
View article: The summer distribution, habitat associations and abundance of seabirds in the sub-polar frontal zone of the Northwest Atlantic
The summer distribution, habitat associations and abundance of seabirds in the sub-polar frontal zone of the Northwest Atlantic Open
Biological production in the oceanic zone (i.e. waters beyond the continental shelves) is typically spatially patchy and strongly seasonal. In response, seabirds have adapted to move rapidly within and between ocean basins,
\nmaking them …
View article: Ecology and epidemiology of the striped shrimp, <i>Pandalus montagui</i> Leach, 1814 (Decapoda: Caridea), in the northern Labrador Sea, Davis Strait, and Ungava Bay, Canada
Ecology and epidemiology of the striped shrimp, <i>Pandalus montagui</i> Leach, 1814 (Decapoda: Caridea), in the northern Labrador Sea, Davis Strait, and Ungava Bay, Canada Open
Despite a fishery with annual landings valued at over $50 million CAD, very little knowledge has been gathered about the ecology of the striped shrimp (Pandalus montagui Leach 1814) in the Canadian northwestern Atlantic. This information i…
View article: Data from: Study "Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus); Fifield; Witless Bay, Canada"
Data from: Study "Herring Gulls (Larus Argentatus); Fifield; Witless Bay, Canada" Open
Background: Recent studies have proposed that birds migrating short distances migrate at an overall slower pace, minimizing energy expenditure, while birds migrating long distances minimize time spent on migration to cope with seasonal cha…
View article: Small-Scale Patterns in the Distribution and Condition of Bamboo Coral, Keratoisis grayi, in Submarine Canyons on the Grand Banks, Newfoundland
Small-Scale Patterns in the Distribution and Condition of Bamboo Coral, Keratoisis grayi, in Submarine Canyons on the Grand Banks, Newfoundland Open
Keratoisis grayi is one of the most abundant large gorgonian corals found off Newfoundland and Labrador, yet we know little regarding the factors influencing its distribution, abundance, and condition. We employed remotely operated vehicle…
View article: Detecting Censor Detection
Detecting Censor Detection Open
Our goal is to empirically discover how censors react to the introduction of new proxy servers that can be used to circumvent their information controls. We examine a specific case, that of obfuscated Tor bridges, and conduct experiments d…
View article: A Usability Evaluation of Tor Launcher
A Usability Evaluation of Tor Launcher Open
Although Tor has state-of-the art anticensorship measures, users in heavily censored environments will not be able to connect to Tor if they cannot configure their connections. We perform the first usability evaluation of Tor Launcher, the…
View article: Employing Predictive Spatial Models to Inform Conservation Planning for Seabirds in the Labrador Sea
Employing Predictive Spatial Models to Inform Conservation Planning for Seabirds in the Labrador Sea Open
Seabirds are vulnerable to incidental harm from human activities in the ocean, and knowledge of their seasonal distribution is required to assess risk and effectively inform marine conservation planning. Significant hydrocarbon discoveries…
View article: Seabirds At-Sea Surveys: The Line-Transect Method Outperforms the Point-Transect Alternative
Seabirds At-Sea Surveys: The Line-Transect Method Outperforms the Point-Transect Alternative Open
Introduction: Knowledge of seasonal distribution and abundance of species is paramount in identifying key areas. Field data collection and analysis must provide best information concerning seabirds at-sea to optimize conservation efforts. …
View article: Threat modeling and circumvention of Internet censorship
Threat modeling and circumvention of Internet censorship Open
Research on Internet censorship is hampered by poor models of censor behavior. Censor models guide the development of circumvention systems, so it is important to get them right. A censor model should be understood not just as a set of cap…