David Blythe
YOU?
Author Swipe
Public Health Response to the First Locally Acquired Malaria Outbreaks in the US in 20 Years Open
Importance In 2023, the US reported 10 locally acquired mosquito-transmitted malaria cases of 4 genetic lineages in 4 states, the first such outbreaks detected in 20 years and the largest in 35 years. Objective To present the investigation…
694. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Clostridioides difficile Infection Rates and Risk Factors in Maryland Open
Background While many Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) rates increased during the pandemic, inpatient C. difficile infection (CDI) rates declined. We compared pre-pandemic (2018-2019) to interpandemic (2020-2021) data, using Maryland’…
970. Assessing the burden of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Candida auris</i> among ventilated patients in Maryland: A statewide period prevalence survey of two urgent threats Open
Background To date, only one statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Acinetobacter baumannii (2009) in the United States, and no statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Candida auris. We aimed to determine the prevale…
View article: 1800. <i>Candida Auris and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Vulnerability in Maryland</i>
1800. <i>Candida Auris and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Vulnerability in Maryland</i> Open
Background Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen increasingly recognized as a cause of healthcare-associated infections including outbreaks. The first case of transmission was detected in Maryland in June 2019. This study aims to de…
Prevalence of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Candida auris </i>in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation Open
Importance To date, only 1 statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Acinetobacter baumannii (2009) in the US, and no statewide prevalence survey has been performed for Candida auris , making the current burden of these emerging p…
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Locally Acquired Mosquito-Transmitted (Autochthonous) <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Malaria — National Capital Region, Maryland, August 2023 Open
phpa/OIDEOR/CIDSOR/Pages/diseaseconditions-count-rates.aspx malaria exist in many areas in the United States (2).Locally acquired mosquito-transmitted (i.e., autochthonous) cases have not been identified since 2003; however, these imported…
View article: Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Mpox-Associated Deaths — United States, May 10, 2022–March 7, 2023
Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Mpox-Associated Deaths — United States, May 10, 2022–March 7, 2023 Open
As of March 7, 2023, a total of 30,235 confirmed and probable monkeypox (mpox) cases were reported in the United States,† predominantly among cisgender men§ who reported recent sexual contact with another man (1). Although most mpox cases …
View article: Multiple lineages of monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021–2022
Multiple lineages of monkeypox virus detected in the United States, 2021–2022 Open
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa. In May 2022, dozens of non-endemic countries reported hundreds of monkeypox cases, most with no epidemiological link to Africa. We identified two lineages of monkeyp…
View article: Widespread Hepatitis A Outbreaks Associated with Person-to-Person Transmission — United States, 2016–2020
Widespread Hepatitis A Outbreaks Associated with Person-to-Person Transmission — United States, 2016–2020 Open
Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease typically acquired through fecal-oral transmission. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection rates in the United States declined approximately 97% during 1995-2015 after the introduction and widespread…
View article: Genomic deletions and rearrangements in monkeypox virus from the 2022 outbreak, USA
Genomic deletions and rearrangements in monkeypox virus from the 2022 outbreak, USA Open
Genomic surveillance of monkeypox virus (MPXV) during the 2022 outbreak has been mainly focused on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) changes. DNA viruses, including MPXV, have a lower SNP mutation rate than RNA viruses due to higher fid…
View article: Multiple lineages of <i>Monkeypox virus</i> detected in the United States, 2021- 2022
Multiple lineages of <i>Monkeypox virus</i> detected in the United States, 2021- 2022 Open
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa. In May 2022, dozens of non-endemic countries reported hundreds of monkeypox cases, most with no epidemiological link to Africa. We identified two lineages of Monkeyp…
View article: Impact of Statewide Prevention and Reduction of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (SPARC), a Maryland public health–academic collaborative: an evaluation of a quality improvement intervention
Impact of Statewide Prevention and Reduction of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (SPARC), a Maryland public health–academic collaborative: an evaluation of a quality improvement intervention Open
To evaluate changes in Clostridioides difficile incidence rates for Maryland hospitals that participated in the Statewide Prevention and Reduction of C. difficile (SPARC) collaborative. Pre-post, difference-in-difference analysis of non-ra…
View article: Association of E484K Spike Protein Mutation With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Vaccinated Persons: Maryland, January–May 2021
Association of E484K Spike Protein Mutation With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Vaccinated Persons: Maryland, January–May 2021 Open
Among 9048 people infected with SARS-CoV-2 between January and May 2021 in Maryland, in regression-adjusted analysis, SARS-CoV-2 viruses carrying the spike protein mutation E484K were disproportionately prevalent among persons infected aft…
View article: Association of E484K and L452R spike protein mutations with SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated persons---Maryland, January – May 2021
Association of E484K and L452R spike protein mutations with SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated persons---Maryland, January – May 2021 Open
Background The E484K and L452R amino acid substitutions on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are associated with reduced neutralization by antibodies from acquired immunity. This study examines the respective association of these mutations w…
Linked Clusters of SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.351 — Maryland, January–February 2021 Open
In late January 2021, a clinical laboratory notified the Maryland Department of Health (MDH) that the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern B.1.351 had been identified in a specimen collected from a Maryland resident with COVID-19 (1). The SARS-Co…
View article: Identification of Colonized Patients During an Outbreak of <i>Candida auris</i> Using a Regional Health Information Exchange
Identification of Colonized Patients During an Outbreak of <i>Candida auris</i> Using a Regional Health Information Exchange Open
Background: In June 2019, the Maryland Department of Health (MDH) was notified of a hospitalized patient with Candida auris bloodstream infection. The MDH initiated a contact investigation to identify additional patients with C. auris colo…
View article: 1430. Novel Transmission of <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> from a Freshwater Aquarium to a Human — Maryland, 2019
1430. Novel Transmission of <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> from a Freshwater Aquarium to a Human — Maryland, 2019 Open
Background Nearly all U.S. cases of melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, are associated with travel to endemic areas. In September 2019, a patient in Maryland with no international travel history de…
View article: Seoul Virus Infection and Spread in United States Home-Based Ratteries: Rat and Human Testing Results From a Multistate Outbreak Investigation
Seoul Virus Infection and Spread in United States Home-Based Ratteries: Rat and Human Testing Results From a Multistate Outbreak Investigation Open
Background During 2017, a multistate outbreak investigation occurred after the confirmation of Seoul virus (SEOV) infections in people and pet rats. A total of 147 humans and 897 rats were tested. Methods In addition to immunoglobulin (Ig)…
Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016-2019. Open
To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric illnesses, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) of CDC's Emerging Infections Program monitors the incidence of laboratory-diagnosed infections caused by eight pathog…
View article: Outbreaks of Adenovirus-associated Respiratory Illness on 5 College Campuses in the United States, 2018–2019
Outbreaks of Adenovirus-associated Respiratory Illness on 5 College Campuses in the United States, 2018–2019 Open
Background Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are commonly associated with acute respiratory illness. HAdV outbreaks are well documented in congregate military training settings, but less is known about outbreaks on college campuses. During fall 2…
Completeness of HIV nucleotide sequence ascertainment and its potential impact on understanding HIV transmission – Maryland, 2011–2013 Open
HIV nucleotide sequences generated through routine drug resistance testing (DRT) and reported to Maryland's Molecular HIV Surveillance system are most effective for elucidating transmission patterns and identifying outbreaks if DRT is orde…
Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus Outbreak at Three Fairs — Maryland, 2017 Open
On September 17, 2017, the Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) was notified by fair and 4-H officials of ill swine at agricultural fair A, held September 14-17. That day, investigation of the 107 swine at fair A revealed five swine wi…
View article: Outbreak of Seoul Virus Among Rats and Rat Owners — United States and Canada, 2017
Outbreak of Seoul Virus Among Rats and Rat Owners — United States and Canada, 2017 Open
In December 2016, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (WDHS) notified CDC of a patient hospitalized with fever, leukopenia, elevated transaminases, and proteinuria. The patient owned and operated an in-home rattery, or rat-breeding…
Likely Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus from a Man with No Symptoms of Infection — Maryland, 2016 Open
In June 2016, the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DHMH) was notified of a nonpregnant woman who sought treatment for a subjective fever and an itchy rash, which was described as maculopapular by her provider. Laboratory t…
Association between community socioeconomic factors, animal feeding operations, and campylobacteriosis incidence rates: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2004–2010 Open
Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have been associated with individual risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Recently, a Maryland-based study ident…
Incidence of Norovirus and Other Viral Pathogens That Cause Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) among Kaiser Permanente Member Populations in the United States, 2012–2013 Open
Noroviruses and other viral pathogens are increasingly recognized as frequent causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, few laboratory-based data are available on the incidence of AGE caused by viral pathogens in the U.S. This study …
Evaluation of a Novel Intervention to Reduce Unnecessary Urine Cultures in Intensive Care Units at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Maryland, 2011–2014 Open
We assessed the impact of a reflex urine culture protocol, an intervention aimed to reduce unnecessary urine culturing, in intensive care units at a tertiary care hospital. Significant decreases in urine culturing rates and reported rates …
Use of a State Health Information Exchange for Public Health Clostridium difficile Surveillance Case Investigations Open
Background. The Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DHMH) has been conducting population-based surveillance for Clostridium difficile for over 5 years through the Emerging Infections Program. Traditional surveillance methods …