Explanipedia

Immunoregulatory effect of metformin in monocytes exposed to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunit 1 Open

Rafael Moura Maurmann, Kierstin L. Davis, Negin Mosalmanzadeh, Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Brandt D. Pence · 2025

Background Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a hyperinflammatory state associated with an exacerbated inflammatory activation of monocytes and macrophages in the respiratory tract. Metformin has been identified as a potent monocyte infla…

The gut microbiome enhances breast cancer immunotherapy following bariatric surgery Open

Margaret S. Bohm, S Joseph, Laura M. Sipe, Minjung Kim, Cameron Leathem , et al. · 2025

Bariatric surgery is associated with improved breast cancer (BC) outcomes, including greater immunotherapy effectiveness in a preclinical BC model. A potential mechanism of bariatric surgery-associated protection is the gut microbiota. Her…

Revisiting mitochondrial dysfunction in aging biology research Open

Yufeng Zhang, Brandt D. Pence · 2025

Polysaccharides with Arabinose: Key Players in Reducing Chronic Inflammation and Enhancing Immune Health in Aging Open

Patrícia da Silva Pantoja, Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Rafael Moura Maurmann, Brandt D. Pence · 2025

Aging is associated with a decline in physiological performance leading to increased inflammation and impaired immune function. Polysaccharides (PLs) found in plants, fruits, and fungi are emerging as potential targets for therapeutic inte…

Modulatory Effects of Mdivi-1 on OxLDL-Induced Metabolic Alterations, Inflammatory Responses, and Foam Cell Formation in Human Monocytes Open

Negin Mosalmanzadeh, Rafael Moura Maurmann, Kierstin L. Davis, Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Liza Makowski , et al. · 2024

Atherosclerosis, a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, involves lipid accumulation and inflammatory processes in arterial walls, with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) playing a central role. OxLDL is increased during aging…

ARABINOSE MITIGATE METABOLIC STRESS IN INFLAMMAGING Open

Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Patricia Silva da Pantoja, Brandt D. Pence · 2024

Arabinose (Ab) is a monosaccharide found in vegetables, fruits, and grains. It has been showed that Ab can manage blood sugar levels, improve gut health, potential anti-aging, antidepressant, antioxidants. Inflammaging is a chronic low gra…

MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION IN DYSREGULATED MONOCYTE IMMUNE RESPONSE Open

Rafael Moura Maurmann, Brandt D. Pence · 2024

Monocytes are key innate immune cells involved in inflammatory signaling. This function is dysregulated in older adults, which thus correlates with increased basal inflammation and disease severity. This phenotype coincides with the buildu…

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Role in Immunometabolism Open

Negin Mosalmanzadeh, Brandt D. Pence · 2024

Modified cholesterols such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) contribute to atherosclerosis and other disorders through the promotion of foam cell formation and inflammation. In recent years, it has become evident that immune cell…

Mitochondrial dysfunction at the cornerstone of inflammatory exacerbation in aged macrophages Open

Rafael Moura Maurmann, Brenda Landvoigt Schmitt, Negin Mosalmanzadeh, Brandt D. Pence · 2023

Immunosenescence encompasses multiple age-related adaptations that result in increased susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammatory disorders, and higher mortality risk. Macrophages are key innate cells implicated in inflammatory res…

Targeting metabolism through exercise and nutrition to rejuvenate an aging immune system Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2022

Dysregulated metabolism is a hallmark of the aging process. Immune function is tightly controlled by cellular metabolism, and emerging evidence indicates that aged immune cells have alterations in metabolism that may promote aging-related …

Senescent macrophages alter fibroblast fibrogenesis in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection Open

Brandt D. Pence, Yufeng Zhang, Ivy Antwi, Theodore J. Cory · 2022

SARS-CoV-2 has, since its emergence in 2019, become a global pandemic. Disease outcomes are worsened in older patients who are infected. The causes for this is multifactorial, but one potential cause for this disparity is increased rates o…

Targeting Mononuclear Phagocytes to Treat COVID-19 Open

Brandt D. Pence, Theodore J. Cory · 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its etiological agent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused considerable illness and death worldwide. The innate immune system seems to play a principal in the dise…

Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Immunity and Aging Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2022

Aging increases susceptibility to and severity of a variety of chronic and infectious diseases. Underlying this is dysfunction of the immune system, including chronic increases in low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and age-related immun…

Metformin Suppresses Monocyte Inflammation and Metabolic Reprogramming by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Open

Brandt D. Pence, Theodore J. Cory, Russell Emmons, Johnathan R. Yarbro · 2021

COVID-19 disproportionately affects older adults, and a hallmark of the disease is a hyperinflammatory state that is associated with severity. Various anti-inflammatory therapeutics have shown mixed efficacy in treating COVID-19, and the m…

Metformin Suppresses Monocyte Immunometabolic Activation by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Subunit 1 Open

Theodore J. Cory, Russell Emmons, Johnathan R. Yarbro, Kierstin L. Davis, Brandt D. Pence · 2021

A hallmark of COVID-19 is a hyperinflammatory state associated with severity. Monocytes undergo metabolic reprogramming and produce inflammatory cytokines when stimulated with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that binding by the viral spike pro…

Metformin Suppresses Monocyte Immunometabolic Activation by SARS-CoV-2 and Spike Protein Subunit 1 Open

Theodore J. Cory, Russell Emmons, Johnathan R. Yarbro, Kierstin L. Davis, Brandt D. Pence · 2021

A hallmark of COVID-19 is a hyperinflammatory state that is associated with severity. Various anti-inflammatory therapeutics have shown mixed efficacy in treating COVID-19, and the mechanisms by which hyperinflammation occurs are not well …

Aging and monocyte immunometabolism in COVID-19 Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2021

Metformin paper datasets Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2021

Datasets to accompany manuscript (Cory et al. Front Immunol 2021)

Recent developments and future perspectives in aging and macrophage immunometabolism Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2021

Aging is the strongest contributor to the development and severity of many chronic and infectious diseases, primarily through age-related increases in low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) and decreases in immune function (immunosenescenc…

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Mediates Glycolytic and Inflammatory Activation in Human Monocytes Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in part through cytokine storm. Metabolic reprogramming in immune cells mediates inflammation, and recent evidence suggests SARS-CoV-2 …

Atypical monocytes in COVID-19: Lighting the fire of cytokine storm? Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2020

Discussion on the observed association between unique populations of circulating monocytes and severity of COVID-19.

Growth differentiation factor‐15 is associated with age‐related monocyte dysfunction Open

Brandt D. Pence, Johnathan R. Yarbro, Russell Emmons · 2020

Objective Age‐associated decreases in immune functions are precipitated by a variety of mechanisms and affect nearly every immune cell subset. In myeloid cells, aging reduces numbers of phagocytes and impairs their functional abilities, in…

Macrophage Immunometabolism and Inflammaging: Roles of Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cellular Senescence, CD38, and NAD Open

Johnathan R. Yarbro, Russell Emmons, Brandt D. Pence · 2020

Aging is a complex process that involves dysfunction on multiple levels, all of which seem to converge on inflammation. Macrophages are intimately involved in initiating and resolving inflammation, and their dysregulation with age is a pri…

Fanning the Flames of Inflammaging: Impact of Monocyte Metabolic Reprogramming Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2020

Monocytes are circulating innate immune cells that are functionally dysregulated during aging. However, while metabolic regulation of innate immune cell function is now well-established, only a handful of studies have examined this in the …

Severe COVID-19 and aging: are monocytes the key? Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2020

The ongoing pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a disproportionate number of severe cases and deaths in older adults. Severe SARS-CoV-2-associated disease (coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)) was d…

Growth differentiation factor-15 is associated with age-related monocyte immunosenescence Open

Brandt D. Pence, Johnathan R. Yarbro, Russell Emmons · 2020

Background Immunosenescence is an age-associated decrease in function of immune cells precipitated by a variety of mechanisms and affecting nearly every immune cell subset. In myeloid cell subsets, aging reduces numbers of phagocytes and i…

gdf15_plasma_pl2.csv Open

Brandt D. Pence · 2020

GDF-15 plasma ELISA data accompanying Pence et al. Aging Med 2020 doi: 10.1002/agm2.12128

Exercise immunology: Future directions Open

David C. Nieman, Brandt D. Pence · 2019

GROWTH DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 15 IS CORRELATED TO MARKERS OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE IN MONOCYTES Open

Brandt D. Pence, Johnathan R. Yarbro · 2019

Immunosenescence is an age-associated decrease in function of immune cells precipitated by a variety of mechanisms and affecting nearly every immune cell subset. In myeloid cell subsets, aging reduces numbers of phagocytes and impairs thei…

METABOLIC FLEXIBILITY IN CLASSICAL MONOCYTES IS NOT AFFECTED BY AGE Open

Johnathan R. Yarbro, Brandt D. Pence · 2019

Inflammaging is the chronic low-grade inflammation that occurs with age that contributes to the pathology of age-related diseases. Monocytes are innate immune cells that become dysregulated with age and which can contribute to inflammaging…

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