D. P. Casper
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View article: Liquefied cheese as a novel milk replacer ingredient for neonatal calves
Liquefied cheese as a novel milk replacer ingredient for neonatal calves Open
Byproduct cheese (American, mozzarella, provolone) can be liquefied and used as an ingredient for the formulation and manufacture of neonatal calf milk replacers. This study evaluated the optimal inclusion rate for maintaining or improving…
View article: Can water source and quality affect nutrient digestion?
Can water source and quality affect nutrient digestion? Open
This study was conducted to evaluate the water source quality and a water treatment system to improve water quality for dairy cattle on the rate of ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility. One gram of dried ground TMR fed to lactat…
View article: Lactational Performance of Early-Lactation Dairy Cows Fed Forages Produced by Two Different Crop Production Programs
Lactational Performance of Early-Lactation Dairy Cows Fed Forages Produced by Two Different Crop Production Programs Open
Early-lactation high-producing dairy cows require highly digestible forages. Thirty early-lactation (58 days in milk; 38.9 kg/d milk) cows were blocked and randomly assigned to one of two treatments. The treatments were the control (CON), …
View article: The Effect of a Phytobiotic, Probiotic, and Their Combination as Feed Additives on Growth Performance of Weaned Holstein Male Dairy Calves
The Effect of a Phytobiotic, Probiotic, and Their Combination as Feed Additives on Growth Performance of Weaned Holstein Male Dairy Calves Open
A phytobiotic extract (PE; proprietary blend of garlic, anise, cassia, rosemary, and thyme) has been shown to enhance dry matter intake (DMI) and gut health, while ExCell (EX), a probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product), …
View article: Encapsulated sodium butyrate without or with a botanical extract for transitioning neonatal calves
Encapsulated sodium butyrate without or with a botanical extract for transitioning neonatal calves Open
Butyrate (C4) is known to enhance ruminal papillae development for transitioning neonatal calves from liquid to dry feed, and botanical extracts (BE) have demonstrated enhanced DMI and improved gut health. The hypothesis was that these add…
View article: Monitoring the effects of oxidative stress on the growth of Holstein bull calves using Diquat
Monitoring the effects of oxidative stress on the growth of Holstein bull calves using Diquat Open
Background Holstein bull calves received a one-time intraperitoneal injection of Diquat to explore its effects on growth, body frame, blood oxidation indices, fecal scores, and pathogenic bacteria in weaned calves. Methods A total of twelv…
View article: An essential oil blend fed for growth performance and carcass characteristics to feedlot steers
An essential oil blend fed for growth performance and carcass characteristics to feedlot steers Open
Some essential oils (EO) are known for having antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and antioxidant characteristics that may be a feedlot antibiotic alternative to replace monensin sodium (M) and tylosin (T). Four-hundred cross-bred steers…
View article: Choice white grease used for manufacturing a protein-encapsulated fat blend source for neonatal calves
Choice white grease used for manufacturing a protein-encapsulated fat blend source for neonatal calves Open
Protein-encapsulated fat (PEF) blends are routinely used for manufacturing calf milk replacers (MR). The use of PEF blends improves fat mixability to ensure MR when mixed and fed as a homogeneous solution for neonatal calves. A new alterna…
View article: Growth performance of neonatal Holstein heifers fed acidified waste milk containing essential oil blend and encapsulated butyrate alone or in combination
Growth performance of neonatal Holstein heifers fed acidified waste milk containing essential oil blend and encapsulated butyrate alone or in combination Open
Previous research demonstrated the growth-promoting benefits of an essential oil and oligosaccharide blend (Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc.; EO) or an encapsulated sodium butyrate (C4; Ultramix GF, Adisseo, Inc.) fed to neonatal calves. The possi…
View article: Male Holstein calves fed a milk replacer and pelleted calf starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination
Male Holstein calves fed a milk replacer and pelleted calf starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination Open
Botanical extracts (BE; Apex, Adisseo North America, Atlanta, GA) are known to enhance DMI and gut health, whereas direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as a Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (EX: Excel; Pacer Technology Inc., Mur…
View article: PSVI-1 Supplemented milk replacer improves feed transition of dairy bull-calves
PSVI-1 Supplemented milk replacer improves feed transition of dairy bull-calves Open
Neonatal calves are affected by pathogenic infections, compounded by stress, leading to enteric and respiratory disorders accounting for about 7.8% mortality rate and annual treatment costs exceeding $250 million. Federal restrictions on a…
View article: Milk replacer galacto-oligosaccharide inclusion rates for neonatal calves
Milk replacer galacto-oligosaccharide inclusion rates for neonatal calves Open
Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) is a prebiotic isolated from whey. This study evaluated the optimal inclusion rate for improving the growth and health performance of neonatal calves. Eighty-eight 2 to 5-d old Holstein bull calves were blocke…
View article: Holstein calves fed a milk replacer with a direct-fed microbial and a starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination
Holstein calves fed a milk replacer with a direct-fed microbial and a starter containing a botanical extract or a direct-fed microbial alone or in combination Open
Botanical extracts (BE; Apex, Adisseo) have demonstrated enhanced DMI and improved gut health, whereas direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (Excell [EX], Pacer Technology Inc.), have demonstra…
View article: Feeding limestone buffer to limit-fed dairy steers fed a high inclusion rate of distiller grains
Feeding limestone buffer to limit-fed dairy steers fed a high inclusion rate of distiller grains Open
The study objective was to evaluate dietary limestone buffer inclusion rates for impacting nutrient digestibility and excretion when growing dairy cattle are fed high distiller grains with solubles (DDGS) limit-fed ration. The hypothesis w…
View article: Growth performance of neonatal calves fed milk replacer 2 vs. 3 times per day
Growth performance of neonatal calves fed milk replacer 2 vs. 3 times per day Open
Several calf studies demonstrated growth advantages when feeding greater protein and/or milk solids amounts, however, studies comparing 2 times per day vs. 3 times per day feeding are limited. The study objective was to evaluate feeding 2 …
View article: Effects of Essential Oil and/or Encapsulated Butyrate on Fecal Microflora in Neonatal Holstein Calves
Effects of Essential Oil and/or Encapsulated Butyrate on Fecal Microflora in Neonatal Holstein Calves Open
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding oregano essential oil, butyrate, and its mixture on the intestinal microbial diversity of calves. A completely randomized experimental design was used. Sixty-four healthy neona…
View article: Comparison of growth performance and tissue cobalt concentrations in beef cattle fed inorganic and organic cobalt sources
Comparison of growth performance and tissue cobalt concentrations in beef cattle fed inorganic and organic cobalt sources Open
Cobalt is an essential trace mineral required for ruminal vitamin B12 synthesis, but sources differ in ruminal microbial utilization, i.e., cobalt carbonate is poorly water soluble, whereas acetate and lactate forms are water soluble. Repo…
View article: 356 Neonatal Holstein Calves fed a Pelleted Calf Starter Containing a Botanical Extract and Direct fed Microbial Alone or in Combination
356 Neonatal Holstein Calves fed a Pelleted Calf Starter Containing a Botanical Extract and Direct fed Microbial Alone or in Combination Open
Botanical extracts (BE; Adisseo North America, Altanta, GA) are known to enhance dry matter intake (DMI) and gut health, while direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as a Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (RC: RumaCell DF 5G; Pacer…
View article: 355 Growth Performance of Neonatal Holstein Heifer Calves fed Milk Containing Essential oil Blend and/or Encapsulated Butyrate
355 Growth Performance of Neonatal Holstein Heifer Calves fed Milk Containing Essential oil Blend and/or Encapsulated Butyrate Open
Previous research demonstrated the growth promoting benefits of an essential oil/oligosaccharide blend (EO; Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc.) or an encapsulated sodium butyrate (C4; Ultramix GF, Adisseo, Inc.) fed to neonatal calves. The possibili…
View article: PSX-B-9 A Nanotechnology Base Immunity Measurement (D2Dx) Compared with Total Serum Protein Concentration Using Neonatal Holstein Bull Calves
PSX-B-9 A Nanotechnology Base Immunity Measurement (D2Dx) Compared with Total Serum Protein Concentration Using Neonatal Holstein Bull Calves Open
The D2Dx immunity test (Nano Discovery Inc.) is a nanotechnology-based assay for quantifying the immune responses to foreign pathogens. In contrast, the measurement of total serum protein (TSP) concentration is used to determine the passiv…
View article: 353 Neonatal Holstein Calves fed a Pelleted Calf Starter Containing a Botanical Extract and Direct-fed Microbial (DFM) Alone or in Combination without or with Milk Replacer DFM
353 Neonatal Holstein Calves fed a Pelleted Calf Starter Containing a Botanical Extract and Direct-fed Microbial (DFM) Alone or in Combination without or with Milk Replacer DFM Open
Botanical extracts (BE; Adisseo North America, Altanta, GA) are known to enhance dry matter intake (DMI) and gut health, while direct-fed microbials (DFM), such as a actobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (RC: RumaCell DF 5G; Pacer …
View article: 354 Evaluation of Protein Encapsulated fat (PEF) Alternatives for Neonatal Calves
354 Evaluation of Protein Encapsulated fat (PEF) Alternatives for Neonatal Calves Open
Protein encapsulated fats (PEF) are routinely used in the manufacture of calf milk replacers. The use of PEF improves fat mixability to ensure the milk replacer (MR) when mixed and fed is a homogenous solution for neonatal calves. A new al…
View article: The female to male calf sex ratio is associated with the number of services to achieve a calf and parity of lactating dairy cows
The female to male calf sex ratio is associated with the number of services to achieve a calf and parity of lactating dairy cows Open
Commercial dairy producers may get frustrated by the lower ratio of female to male calves born because female calves are more valuable than bull calves. Our objective was to determine if parity or stage of lactation at the time of breeding…
View article: 301 Milk Replacer Biosalt Supplementation for Neonatal Calves
301 Milk Replacer Biosalt Supplementation for Neonatal Calves Open
Neonatal Holstein calves may have limited liver bile production and secretion, which could limit fat digestion and absorption. Eighty 2- to 5-d old Holstein bull calves were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments using a randomized compl…
View article: Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and carcass characteristics by lambs fed an oregano and cobalt blend
Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, and carcass characteristics by lambs fed an oregano and cobalt blend Open
Shifting ruminal fermentation via feeding a blend of oregano (Organum vulgare L.) essential oils and Co-lactate (EOC; Rum-A-Fresh, Ralco, Inc. Marshall, MN) could improve lamb growth and carcass performance. Eighteen Suffolk × Little Han T…
View article: Supplementing additional cobalt as cobalt lactate in a high-forage total mixed ration fed to late-lactation dairy cows
Supplementing additional cobalt as cobalt lactate in a high-forage total mixed ration fed to late-lactation dairy cows Open
Cobalt lactate is a highly soluble ruminal Co source. Prior research evaluating higher Co feeding rates demonstrated increased ruminal fiber digestion. Feeding high-forage (>70%) rations to late-lactation dairy cows to enhance income over …
View article: Feeding a Low-protein Maternal Diet Affects Qinghai Bamei Piglet Jejunal Microbiome-metabolome Response
Feeding a Low-protein Maternal Diet Affects Qinghai Bamei Piglet Jejunal Microbiome-metabolome Response Open
This experiment investigated the impacts of feeding a maternal low-CP concentration diet having iso-essential amino acids on new born suckling piglets intestinal microbial composition and metabolic profiles. The Bamei swine breed was selec…
View article: Feeding Sheep Cobalt and Oregano Essential Oil Alone or in Combination on Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility, Fermentation, and Fiber Digestion Combined With Scanning Electron Microscopy
Feeding Sheep Cobalt and Oregano Essential Oil Alone or in Combination on Ruminal Nutrient Digestibility, Fermentation, and Fiber Digestion Combined With Scanning Electron Microscopy Open
The feeding of Co lactate (Co), an essential oil blend (EO; oregano), or a combination of Co and EO (EOC) may improve nutrient digestion of corn silage-based rations. In four separate studies, Co, EO, or EOC was fed at 0, 4, and 7 g/days t…