David L. Thomas
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View article: Cellular signatures underlying functional resilience in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia
Cellular signatures underlying functional resilience in presymptomatic frontotemporal dementia Open
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows autosomal dominant transmission in up to a third of families, enabling the study of presymptomatic and prodromal phases. Despite self-reported well-being and normal daily cognitive functioning, brain str…
View article: A probabilistic histological atlas of the human brain for MRI segmentation
A probabilistic histological atlas of the human brain for MRI segmentation Open
In human neuroimaging, brain atlases are essential for segmenting regions of interest (ROIs) and comparing subjects in a common coordinate frame. State-of-the-art atlases derived from histology1-3 provide exquisite three-dimensi…
View article: Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Clustering-redshifts and importance sampling of Self-Organised-Maps $n(z)$ realizations for $3\times2$pt samples
Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Clustering-redshifts and importance sampling of Self-Organised-Maps $n(z)$ realizations for $3\times2$pt samples Open
This work is part of a series establishing the redshift framework for the $3\times2$pt analysis of the Dark Energy Survey Year 6 (DES Y6). For DES Y6, photometric redshift distributions are estimated using self-organizing maps (SOMs), cali…
View article: Glutamatergic dysfunction of astrocytes in paraventricular nucleus of thalamus contributes to adult anxiety susceptibility in adolescent ethanol exposed mice
Glutamatergic dysfunction of astrocytes in paraventricular nucleus of thalamus contributes to adult anxiety susceptibility in adolescent ethanol exposed mice Open
Repeated ethanol exposure during adolescence increases adult anxiety risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) has been considered a hub for controlling anxiety and is affected by…
View article: Fast segmentation with the NextBrain histological atlas
Fast segmentation with the NextBrain histological atlas Open
Structural brain analysis at the subregion level offers critical insights into healthy aging and neurodegenerative diseases. The NextBrain histological atlas was recently introduced to support such fine-grained investigations, but its exis…
View article: On the structural and practical identifiability of multi‐echo BBB‐ASL tracer kinetic models
On the structural and practical identifiability of multi‐echo BBB‐ASL tracer kinetic models Open
Purpose Tracer kinetic models are used in arterial spin labeling (ASL); however, deciding which model parameters to fix or fit is not always trivial. The identifiability of the resultant system of equations is useful to consider, since it …
View article: Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia
Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Open
CVR impairment in genetic FTD has a predilection for the middle frontal and posterior cortex, and its preservation may yield a cognitive benefit for at-risk individuals. Although findings do not provide causality and warrant replication, t…
View article: Isolated Cryptococcus Bloodstream Infection in a Non-HIV Patient Following Rituximab Therapy for B-Cell Lymphoma: A Therapeutic Challenge and Literature Review
Isolated Cryptococcus Bloodstream Infection in a Non-HIV Patient Following Rituximab Therapy for B-Cell Lymphoma: A Therapeutic Challenge and Literature Review Open
Background: Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with advanced HIV/AIDS. However, an increasing number of cases are being identified in non-HIV…
View article: Brain Perfusion Imaging of a Large Population: Arterial Spin Labelling MRI in UK Biobank
Brain Perfusion Imaging of a Large Population: Arterial Spin Labelling MRI in UK Biobank Open
Blood flow to the brain is a sensitive marker of neuronal activity as well as of a number of diseases, including stroke, tumours and neurodegenerative conditions. Arterial spin labelling (ASL) is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (…
View article: Real-time, inline quantitative MRI enabled by scanner-integrated machine learning: a proof of principle with NODDI.
Real-time, inline quantitative MRI enabled by scanner-integrated machine learning: a proof of principle with NODDI. Open
Real-time, inline parameter estimation with the proposed generalisable framework resolves a key practical barrier to clinical uptake of advanced qMRI methods and enables their efficient integration into clinical workflows.
View article: Ultra‐fast MRI for dementia diagnosis and treatment eligibility: A prospective study
Ultra‐fast MRI for dementia diagnosis and treatment eligibility: A prospective study Open
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for dementia diagnosis and a pre‐requisite for amyloid‐lowering therapies in Alzheimer's disease. Despite guidelines, many patients never undergo MRI due to limited scanner availabil…
View article: Pragmatic Approach to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in High-Incidence, Resource-Limited Settings in Africa
Pragmatic Approach to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in High-Incidence, Resource-Limited Settings in Africa Open
PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common and deadly in sub-Saharan Africa, where advanced imaging techniques, such as computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, are scarce. The purpose of this study was to develop a pr…
View article: Anatomical progression of genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration across the lifespan
Anatomical progression of genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration across the lifespan Open
The recent development of brain charts for the human lifespan offers an ideal modelling framework for pathologies such as genetic frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) which likely involve both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative p…
View article: Glutamatergic Dysfunction of Astrocytes in Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus Contributes to Adult Anxiety Susceptibility in Adolescent Ethanol Exposed Mice
Glutamatergic Dysfunction of Astrocytes in Paraventricular Nucleus of Thalamus Contributes to Adult Anxiety Susceptibility in Adolescent Ethanol Exposed Mice Open
Repeated ethanol exposure during adolescence increases the risk for displaying anxiogenic phenotype in adulthood, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (PVT) has been considered a h…
View article: Disease-modifying effects of <i>TMEM106B</i> in genetic frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal GENFI study
Disease-modifying effects of <i>TMEM106B</i> in genetic frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal GENFI study Open
Common variants within TMEM106B are associated with risk for frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP). The G allele of the top single nucleotide polymorphism, rs1990622, confers protection against FTLD-TDP, includ…
View article: Proteomic analysis reveals distinct cerebrospinal fluid signatures across genetic frontotemporal dementia subtypes
Proteomic analysis reveals distinct cerebrospinal fluid signatures across genetic frontotemporal dementia subtypes Open
We used an untargeted mass spectrometric approach, tandem mass tag proteomics, for the identification of proteomic signatures in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). A total of 238 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from the Genetic FTD I…
View article: Transcription of hepatitis B surface antigen shifts from cccDNA to integrated HBV DNA during treatment
Transcription of hepatitis B surface antigen shifts from cccDNA to integrated HBV DNA during treatment Open
The cornerstone of functional cure for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss from blood. HBsAg is encoded by covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and HBV DNA integrated into the host genome (iDNA). Nucleo…
View article: Blood-Brain Barrier Water Exchange in Relation to Amyloid, Cognition and Cerebrovascular Burden
Blood-Brain Barrier Water Exchange in Relation to Amyloid, Cognition and Cerebrovascular Burden Open
View article: Thalamus involvement in genetic frontotemporal dementia assessed using structural and diffusion MRI: a GENFI study
Thalamus involvement in genetic frontotemporal dementia assessed using structural and diffusion MRI: a GENFI study Open
Thalamic subregions are commonly, but variably, affected by different forms of frontotemporal dementia. We aimed to better characterize thalamic subregional involvement in genetic frontotemporal dementia with a recently published thalamus …
View article: Advantages and challenges of using arterial spin labelling MRI to monitor cerebral blood flow in multi-centre clinical trials of neurodegenerative disease: Experience from the RADAR study
Advantages and challenges of using arterial spin labelling MRI to monitor cerebral blood flow in multi-centre clinical trials of neurodegenerative disease: Experience from the RADAR study Open
Arterial spin labelling (ASL) enables non-invasive quantification of regional brain perfusion using MRI. ASL was used in the Reducing Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease through Angiotensin TaRgeting (RADAR) multi-centre trial to pilot the as…
View article: Non-invasive MRI of blood-cerebrospinal fluid-barrier function in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease: a potential biomarker of early pathology
Non-invasive MRI of blood-cerebrospinal fluid-barrier function in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease: a potential biomarker of early pathology Open
View article: The association between grey matter microstructural MRI biomarkers, mid‐life blood pressure, and late‐life Alzheimer’s disease pathology
The association between grey matter microstructural MRI biomarkers, mid‐life blood pressure, and late‐life Alzheimer’s disease pathology Open
Background With an aging population, it is essential to identify subtle features of brain pathology – both neurodegenerative and vascular – at an early stage, which may predict risk of future decline. We used diffusion MRI (dMRI) to assess…
View article: Design and Validation of the ADNI MR Protocol
Design and Validation of the ADNI MR Protocol Open
Background Phase four of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4) began in 2023. This time‐period corresponded to MRI vendors introducing product sequences with compressed sensing (CS), cross‐vendor adoption of arterial spin…
View article: Estimating age at Aβ onset in the 1946 British birth cohort: exploring the influence of APOE ɛ4 carriership and sex
Estimating age at Aβ onset in the 1946 British birth cohort: exploring the influence of APOE ɛ4 carriership and sex Open
Background Cerebral Aβ accumulates decades before symptom onset in AD. Sampled iterative local approximation (SILA, Betthauser et al. 2022) is a technique for estimating time from Aβ positivity (Aβ+) using Aβ‐PET. Here we explore the influ…
View article: Estimating the time between Aβ positivity and elevated regional tau in preclinical AD
Estimating the time between Aβ positivity and elevated regional tau in preclinical AD Open
Background Understanding when Aβ positive cognitively normal individuals develop tau pathology has important implications for treatment with anti‐Aβ therapies. We employed a changepoint regression approach to estimate time from Aβ‐PET posi…
View article: Design and Validation of the ADNI MR Protocol
Design and Validation of the ADNI MR Protocol Open
Background Phase four of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4) began in 2023. This time‐period corresponded to MRI vendors introducing product sequences with compressed sensing (CS), cross‐vendor adoption of arterial spin…
View article: Estimating the time between Aβ positivity and elevated regional tau in preclinical AD
Estimating the time between Aβ positivity and elevated regional tau in preclinical AD Open
Background Understanding when Aß positive cognitively normal individuals develop tau pathology has important implications for treatment with anti‐Aß therapies. We employed a changepoint regression approach to estimate time from Aß‐PET posi…
View article: Estimating age at Aβ onset in the 1946 British birth cohort: exploring the influence of APOE ɛ4 carriership and sex
Estimating age at Aβ onset in the 1946 British birth cohort: exploring the influence of APOE ɛ4 carriership and sex Open
Background Cerebral Aβ accumulates decades before symptom onset in AD. Sampled iterative local approximation (SILA, Betthauser et al. 2022) is a technique for estimating time from Aβ positivity (Aβ+) using Aβ‐PET. Here we explore the influ…
View article: Associations of life-course cardiovascular risk factors with late-life cerebral hemodynamics
Associations of life-course cardiovascular risk factors with late-life cerebral hemodynamics Open
While the associations of mid-life cardiovascular risk factors with late-life white matter lesions (WMH) and cognitive decline have been established, the role of cerebral haemodynamics is unclear. We investigated the relation of late-life …
View article: Arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: Past, present, and future
Arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: Past, present, and future Open
On the 20th anniversary of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the role of arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in understanding perfusion changes…