David L. Williams
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View article: In vitro protocol demonstrating five functional steps of trained immunity in mice: Implications on biomarker discovery and translational research
In vitro protocol demonstrating five functional steps of trained immunity in mice: Implications on biomarker discovery and translational research Open
View article: Dissemination of OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli is driven by transposon-carrying lineages in the UK
Dissemination of OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli is driven by transposon-carrying lineages in the UK Open
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales are a significant threat to global public health. Here, we characterize bla OXA-23 -positive Proteus mirabilis ( n =8) and Escherichia coli ( n =3) isolates from human clinical samples collected betwee…
View article: Toll-like receptor 4 induces trained innate immune tolerance in the heart in a model of stress-induced cardiomyopathy
Toll-like receptor 4 induces trained innate immune tolerance in the heart in a model of stress-induced cardiomyopathy Open
Aims Although the ability of the heart to adapt to environmental stress has been studied extensively, the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for cardioprotection are not yet fully understood. In this study, we sought to elucidat…
View article: Comparative cataract—lens opacification across species
Comparative cataract—lens opacification across species Open
View article: Endothelial HSPA12B regulates myocardial monocyte infiltration and inflammatory activity after myocardial infarction
Endothelial HSPA12B regulates myocardial monocyte infiltration and inflammatory activity after myocardial infarction Open
Introduction Cardiac macrophages are essential mediators of inflammation and tissue remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI). Endothelial cell-specific heat shock protein A12B (eHSPA12B) has emerged as a key vascular regulator, but …
View article: The role of heme in sepsis induced Kupffer cell PANoptosis and senescence
The role of heme in sepsis induced Kupffer cell PANoptosis and senescence Open
View article: Metabolic adaptations driving innate immune memory: mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Metabolic adaptations driving innate immune memory: mechanisms and therapeutic implications Open
Immune memory is a hallmark of the adaptive immune system. However, recent research reveals that innate immune cells also retain memory of prior pathogen exposure that prompts enhanced responses to subsequent infections. This phenomenon is…
View article: Plasmid conjugation drives within–patient plasmid diversity
Plasmid conjugation drives within–patient plasmid diversity Open
Plasmids are well-known vehicles of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene dissemination. Through conjugation, plasmid-encoded AMR genes are spread among neighbouring bacteria, irrespective of their strain or even their species. This process …
View article: Setdb2 Regulates Inflammatory Trigger-Induced Trained Immunity of Macrophages Through Two Different Epigenetic Mechanisms
Setdb2 Regulates Inflammatory Trigger-Induced Trained Immunity of Macrophages Through Two Different Epigenetic Mechanisms Open
SUMMARY "Trained immunity" of innate immune cells occurs through a sequential two-step process where an initial pathogenic or sterile inflammatory trigger is followed by an amplified response to a later un-related secondary pathogen challe…
View article: Dissemination of OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing<i>Proteus mirabilis</i>and<i>Escherichia coli</i>is driven by transposon-carrying lineages in the UK
Dissemination of OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing<i>Proteus mirabilis</i>and<i>Escherichia coli</i>is driven by transposon-carrying lineages in the UK Open
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales are a significant threat to global public health. Here, we characterize bla OXA-23 -positive Proteus mirabilis (n=8) and Escherichia coli (n=3) isolates from human clinical samples collected between 20…
View article: Dectin-1 stimulating <i>β</i>-glucans inhibit <i>Chlamydia</i> infections both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Dectin-1 stimulating <i>β</i>-glucans inhibit <i>Chlamydia</i> infections both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Open
Chlamydia trachomatis and Candida albicans are common inhabitants of the female genital tract. Candida albicans can impact the viability and pathogenesis of some bacteria. Previously, we investigated physical interactions between Ch. trach…
View article: Lipopolysaccharide Induces Trained Innate Immune Tolerance in the Heart Through Interferon Signaling in a Model of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy
Lipopolysaccharide Induces Trained Innate Immune Tolerance in the Heart Through Interferon Signaling in a Model of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy Open
Background Although the ability of the heart to adapt to environmental stress has been studied extensively, the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for cardioprotection are not yet fully understood. Methods We administered Toll-l…
View article: Glycogen synthase activity in <i>Candida albicans</i> is partly controlled by the functional ortholog of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Gac1p
Glycogen synthase activity in <i>Candida albicans</i> is partly controlled by the functional ortholog of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Gac1p Open
To adapt to various host microenvironments, the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans possesses the capacity to accumulate and store glycogen as an internal carbohydrate source. In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Sc Glc7p and S…
View article: Lactate’s impact on immune cells in sepsis: unraveling the complex interplay
Lactate’s impact on immune cells in sepsis: unraveling the complex interplay Open
Lactate significantly impacts immune cell function in sepsis and septic shock, transcending its traditional view as just a metabolic byproduct. This review summarizes the role of lactate as a biomarker and its influence on immune cell dyna…
View article: Apolipoprotein E controls Dectin-1-dependent development of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages upon pulmonary β-glucan-induced inflammatory adaptation
Apolipoprotein E controls Dectin-1-dependent development of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages upon pulmonary β-glucan-induced inflammatory adaptation Open
View article: <i>Candida albicans N</i>-Linked Mannans Potentiate the Induction of Trained Immunity via Dectin-2
<i>Candida albicans N</i>-Linked Mannans Potentiate the Induction of Trained Immunity via Dectin-2 Open
The interaction between the Candida albicans cell wall and pattern recognition receptors is crucial for the initiation of host immune responses, which, ultimately, contribute to the clearance of this pathogenic fungus. In the present study…
View article: Leishmania braziliensis enhances monocyte responses to promote anti-tumor activity
Leishmania braziliensis enhances monocyte responses to promote anti-tumor activity Open
View article: Self‐recognition through Dectin‐1 exacerbates liver inflammation
Self‐recognition through Dectin‐1 exacerbates liver inflammation Open
Dectin‐1 is a well‐characterized C‐type lectin receptor involved in anti‐fungal immunity through the recognition of polysaccharides; however, molecular mechanisms and outcomes initiated through self‐recognition have not been fully understo…
View article: Synthesis of a unique mannose α-1-phosphate side chain moiety found in Candida auris cell wall mannan
Synthesis of a unique mannose α-1-phosphate side chain moiety found in Candida auris cell wall mannan Open
View article: Disseminated cat-scratch disease with bacillary peliosis in a patient without AIDS
Disseminated cat-scratch disease with bacillary peliosis in a patient without AIDS Open
View article: Cholinergic signaling via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor regulates the migration of monocyte-derived macrophages during acute inflammation
Cholinergic signaling via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor regulates the migration of monocyte-derived macrophages during acute inflammation Open
Background The involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of inflammation is an emerging concept with significant potential for clinical applications. Recent studies demonstrate that stimulating the vagus nerve activates…
View article: Recent Advances in Chemical Synthesis of Phosphodiester Linkages Found in Fungal Mannans
Recent Advances in Chemical Synthesis of Phosphodiester Linkages Found in Fungal Mannans Open
View article: Synthesis of a Unique Mannose Α-1-Phosphate Side Chain Moiety Found in <i>Candida Auris</i> Cell Wall Mannan
Synthesis of a Unique Mannose Α-1-Phosphate Side Chain Moiety Found in <i>Candida Auris</i> Cell Wall Mannan Open
View article: User-Centric Deployment of Automated Program Repair at Bloomberg
User-Centric Deployment of Automated Program Repair at Bloomberg Open
Automated program repair (APR) tools have unlocked the potential for the rapid rectification of codebase issues. However, to encourage wider adoption of program repair in practice, it is necessary to address the usability concerns related …
View article: Bacteria- and fungus-derived PAMPs induce innate immune memory via similar functional, metabolic, and transcriptional adaptations
Bacteria- and fungus-derived PAMPs induce innate immune memory via similar functional, metabolic, and transcriptional adaptations Open
Exposure to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) induces an augmented, broad-spectrum antimicrobial response to subsequent infection, a phenomenon termed innate immune memory. This study examined the effects of treatment with β-g…
View article: Development of Negative Controls for Fc-C-Type Lectin Receptor Probes
Development of Negative Controls for Fc-C-Type Lectin Receptor Probes Open
While Fc-CTLRs probes are useful tools to study the interaction of CTLRs with ligands, their use is limited by the lack of appropriate negative controls in assays involving fungi and potentially other pathogens. We have developed and chara…
View article: Glycogen Metabolism in Candida albicans Impacts Fitness and Virulence during Vulvovaginal and Invasive Candidiasis
Glycogen Metabolism in Candida albicans Impacts Fitness and Virulence during Vulvovaginal and Invasive Candidiasis Open
Glycogen is a highly branched polymer of glucose and is used across the tree of life as an efficient and compact form of energy storage. Whereas glycogen metabolism pathways have been studied in model yeasts, they have not been extensively…
View article: Lactate promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via Snail1 lactylation after myocardial infarction
Lactate promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition via Snail1 lactylation after myocardial infarction Open
High levels of lactate are positively associated with the prognosis and mortality in patients with heart attack. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) plays an important role in cardiac fibrosis. Here, we report that lactate exert…
View article: Aorta- and liver-generated TMAO enhances trained immunity for increased inflammation via ER stress/mitochondrial ROS/glycolysis pathways
Aorta- and liver-generated TMAO enhances trained immunity for increased inflammation via ER stress/mitochondrial ROS/glycolysis pathways Open
We determined whether gut microbiota-produced trimethylamine (TMA) is oxidized into trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in nonliver tissues and whether TMAO promotes inflammation via trained immunity (TI). We found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER…
View article: LACTATE IMPAIRS VASCULAR PERMEABILITY BY INHIBITING HSPA12B EXPRESSION VIA GPR81-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN SEPSIS
LACTATE IMPAIRS VASCULAR PERMEABILITY BY INHIBITING HSPA12B EXPRESSION VIA GPR81-DEPENDENT SIGNALING IN SEPSIS Open
Introduction : Sepsis impaired vascular integrity results in multiple organ failure. Circulating lactate level is positively correlated with sepsis-induced mortality. We investigated whether lactate plays a role in causing endothelial barr…