Explanipedia

Contribution of Arctic Cyclones of Different Origins to Poleward Heat Transport to the Arctic Open

M. M. Yang, Zhuo Wang, John E. Walsh, James D. Doyle, Matthew G. Fearon · 2025

Arctic cyclones play a crucial role in Arctic weather and climate. It has been shown that Arctic cyclones of different origins have different structural characteristics. In this study, we examine the contributions of Arctic cyclones of pol…

Increasing Importance of Local Hydroclimatology During the Tundra Growing Season in the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta Open

A. Hendricks, Uma S. Bhatt, Peter A. Bieniek, Christine F. Waigl, Rick Lader , et al. · 2025

Changing precipitation patterns in the Arctic is a key indicator of climate change, in addition to increasing land and ocean temperatures, but these patterns are not uniform across the circumpolar region. This regional analysis focuses on …

How does the changing marine environment affect hunters’ access to Pacific walruses? Open

Merle Apassingok, Marika M. Holland, Brendan P. Kelly, Chelsea W. Koch, Vera Metcalf , et al. · 2024

The Arctic Open

Matthew L. Druckenmiller, Richard Thoman, Twila Moon, Liss M. Andreassen, Thomas J. Ballinger , et al. · 2024

Arctic observations in 2023 provided clear evidence of rapid and pronounced climate and environmental change, shaped by past and ongoing human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and push the broader Earth system i…

A Diagnostic Analysis of the Mechanisms for Arctic Cyclone Intensity Evolution Open

Zhuo Wang, M. M. Yang, John E. Walsh, Robert M. Rauber, Melinda S. Peng · 2024

The intensity evolution of Arctic cyclones (ACs) is examined via cyclone parameter space and composite analyses based on approximately 18 000 AC tracks during 1979–2021. Cyclone parameter spaces are defined by various parameters representi…

Extremely Cold Climate and Social Vulnerability in Alaska: Problems and Prospects Open

Elena A. Grigorieva, John E. Walsh, V. A. Alexeev · 2024

Cold exposure remains a significant public health concern, particularly in the Arctic regions prone to extremely cold weather. While the physical health impacts of cold exposure are well documented, understanding the social vulnerability a…

Projected Changes in Extreme Event Indices for Alaska Open

John E. Walsh, Kyle Redilla, Norman James Shippee, Lukas Cheung, David Bigelow , et al. · 2024

As climate has warmed in recent decades, Alaska has experienced a variety of high-impact extreme events that include heat waves, wildfires, coastal storms and freezing rain. Because the warming is projected to continue, it is essential to …

Arctic cyclones have become more intense and longer-lived over the past seven decades Open

Xiangdong Zhang, Han Tang, Jing Zhang, John E. Walsh, Erika Roesler , et al. · 2023

Intense cyclones driving extreme Arctic weather and climate events have been more frequently observed during recent years, causing dramatic environmental and socioeconomic impacts. However, inconsistencies have emerged about long-term chan…

Persistent impact of winter atmospheric circulation anomalies on Arctic sea ice Open

Lei Cai, V. A. Alexeev, Jinlun Zhang, John E. Walsh · 2023

According to previous studies, the Arctic Oscillation (AO) in winter has an impact on the evolution of sea ice conditions from winter until the following September. This study explores and compares the sea ice responses to two climatic mod…

The Arctic Open

Twila Moon, Richard Thoman, Matthew L. Druckenmiller, Brandon Ahmasuk, Stacia A. Backensto , et al. · 2023

Rapid warming due to human-caused climate change is reshaping the Arctic, enhanced by physical processes that cause the Arctic to warm more quickly than the global average, collectively called Arctic amplification. Observations over the pa…

Building resilience to extreme weather and climate events in the rural water and wastewater sectors Open

Nathan P. Kettle, Sarah F. Trainor, Renée Edwards, Donald Antrobus, Curt Baranowski , et al. · 2023

Extreme weather and climate events pose significant risks to rural water and wastewater systems. We examine the vulnerability of the water sector to weather and climate extremes in rural, predominantly Indigenous and underserved coastal ar…

Universal thermal climate index in the Arctic in an era of climate change: Alaska and Chukotka as a case study Open

Elena A. Grigorieva, V. A. Alexeev, John E. Walsh · 2023

The modern unambiguous climate change reveals in a rapid increase of air temperature, which is more distinctly expressed in the Arctic than in any other part of the world, affecting people health and well-being. The main objective of the c…

Subseasonal Predictions of Polar Low Activity Using a Hybrid Statistical‐Dynamical Approach Open

Kevin Boyd, Zhuo Wang, John E. Walsh, Patrick Stoll · 2023

The subseasonal prediction of polar low (PL) activity is explored using a hybrid statistical‐dynamical approach. A previously developed PL genesis potential index is paired with ECMWF reforecasts and forecasts to predict regional statistic…

Modulation of Polar Low Activity by the Madden‐Julian Oscillation Open

Zhuo Wang, Kevin Boyd, John E. Walsh · 2023

The impacts of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) on polar low (PL) activity are examined. We found that PL frequency increases over the Irminger Sea and decreases over the Norwegian‐Barents Seas following the MJO Phases 2–4, and nearly o…

The Effect Of Age And Menstrual Cycling On Gene Expression Profiling Tests Open

Sarah M. Bernhardt, Pallave Dasari, Joe Wrin, Wendy A. Raymond, Suzanne Edwards , et al. · 2023

Problem Statement: Gene expression profiling tests are becoming a critical part of the clinician's toolbox to guide treatment decisions for early-stage estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer patients. Women over the age of 50 with …

Alaska Terrestrial and Marine Climate Trends, 1957–2021 Open

Thomas J. Ballinger, Uma S. Bhatt, Peter A. Bieniek, Brian Brettschneider, Rick Lader , et al. · 2023

Some of the largest climatic changes in the Arctic have been observed in Alaska and the surrounding marginal seas. Near-surface air temperature (T2m), precipitation ( P ), snowfall, and sea ice changes have been previously documented, ofte…

Concurrence of blowing snow and polynya enhances arctic surface–atmosphere interaction: a modeling study with an extreme wind event in 2018 Open

Jing Zhang, Xiangdong Zhang, John E. Walsh, Erika Roesler, Benjamin Hillman · 2023

Snow, a critical element influencing surface energy/mass balance of the Arctic, can also drift in the air to complicate the surface–atmosphere interaction. This complexity can be further enhanced when the surface includes polynya. These pr…

Projected Changes in Extreme Event Indices for Alaska Open

John E. Walsh, Kyle Redilla, Norman James Shippee, Lukas Cheung, David Bigelow , et al. · 2023

Arctic cyclones have become more intense and longer-lived over the past seven decades Open

Xiangdong Zhang, Han Tang, Jing Zhang, John E. Walsh, Erika Roesler , et al. · 2023

Datasets created and used for the paper:Zhang, X., Tang, H, Zhang, J., Walsh, J. E., Roesler, E. L., Hillman, B., Ballinger, T. J. & Weijer, W. Arctic cyclones have become more intense and longer-lived over the past seven decades. Commun. …

Climate Indicators of Landslide Risks on Alaska National Park Road Corridors Open

Rick Lader, Pamela J. Sousanes, Uma S. Bhatt, John E. Walsh, Peter A. Bieniek · 2022

Landslides along road corridors in Alaska national parks pose threats to public safety, visitor access, subsistence activities, and result in costly remediation of damaged infrastructure. Landslide risk in these areas, which contain near-s…

Sea ice breakup and freeze-up indicators for users of the Arctic coastal environment Open

John E. Walsh, Hajo Eicken, Kyle Redilla, Mark A. Johnson · 2022

The timing of sea ice retreat and advance in Arctic coastal waters varies substantially from year to year. Various activities, ranging from marine transport to the use of sea ice as a platform for industrial activity or winter travel, are …

A Genesis Potential Index for Polar Lows Open

Kevin Boyd, Zhuo Wang, John E. Walsh · 2022

Polar lows (PLs) are intense maritime mesocyclones that typically develop during marine cold-air outbreak events over the high latitudes. The impacts posed by these systems to humans and the broader environment demand a robust understandin…

The Arctic Open

Richard Thoman, Matthew L. Druckenmiller, Twila Moon, Liss M. Andreassen, Emily H. Baker , et al. · 2022

Disruptive environmental change in the Arctic continued in 2021. While few indicators were at record levels, the ongoing trends provide a stark illustration of an Arctic that is a very different place than the Arctic of the twentieth centu…

Reply on RC2 Open

John E. Walsh · 2022

Arctic coastal waters are characterized by seasonal retreat and advance of sea ice. The timing of advance and retreat varies substantially from year to year. Various activities, ranging from marine transport to the use of sea ice as a plat…

Future Changes of Snow in Alaska and the Arctic under Stabilized Global Warming Scenarios Open

Siiri Bigalke, John E. Walsh · 2022

Manifestations of global warming in the Arctic include amplifications of temperature increases and a general increase in precipitation. Although topography complicates the pattern of these changes in regions such as Alaska, the amplified w…

Comment on tc-2022-21 Open

John E. Walsh, Hajo Eicken, Kyle Redilla, Mark A. Johnson · 2022

Abstract. Arctic coastal waters are characterized by seasonal retreat and advance of sea ice. The timing of advance and retreat varies substantially from year to year. Various activities, ranging from marine transport to t…

Comment on tc-2022-21 Open

John E. Walsh, Hajo Eicken, Kyle Redilla, Mark A. Johnson · 2022

Arctic coastal waters are characterized by seasonal retreat and advance of sea ice. The timing of advance and retreat varies substantially from year to year. Various activities, ranging from marine transport to the use of sea ice as a plat…

Modulation of North Atlantic Polar Low Activity and Associated Flow Patterns by Sudden Stratospheric Warmings Open

Chuan‐Chieh Chang, Zhuo Wang, John E. Walsh, Patrick Stoll · 2022

Polar lows (PLs) are intense maritime mesoscale cyclones that can pose hazards to coastal communities and marine operation in the Arctic. This study examines the impacts of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) on PL activity in the subarct…

Extreme Precipitation Events in Alaska: Historical Trends and Projected Changes Open

Claire Bachand, John E. Walsh · 2022

While recent increases in heavy precipitation events in some midlatitude regions are consistent with climate model simulations, evidence of such increases in high latitudes is more tenuous, partly because of data limitations. The present s…

Sea ice break-up and freeze-up indicators for users of the Arctic coastal environment Open

John E. Walsh, Hajo Eicken, Kyle Redilla, Mark A. Johnson · 2022

Arctic coastal waters are characterized by seasonal retreat and advance of sea ice. The timing of advance and retreat varies substantially from year to year. Various activities, ranging from marine transport to the use of sea ice as a plat…

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