Dennis W. Dees
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View article: Solid oxide fuel cell with single material for electrodes and interconnect
Solid oxide fuel cell with single material for electrodes and interconnect Open
A solid oxide fuel cell having a plurality of individual cells. A solid oxide fuel cell has an anode and a cathode with electrolyte disposed therebetween, and the anode, cathode and interconnect elements are comprised of substantially one …
View article: Modified lithium vanadium oxide electrode materials products and methods
Modified lithium vanadium oxide electrode materials products and methods Open
A method of improving certain vanadium oxide formulations is presented. The method concerns fluorine doping formulations having a nominal formula of LiV.sub.3 O.sub.8. Preferred average formulations are provided wherein the average oxidati…
View article: Silver manganese oxide electrodes for lithium batteries
Silver manganese oxide electrodes for lithium batteries Open
This invention relates to electrodes for non-aqueous lithium cells and batteries with silver manganese oxide positive electrodes, denoted AgxMnOy, in which x and y are such that the manganese ions in the charged or partially charged electr…
View article: Electrolytes for lithium ion batteries
Electrolytes for lithium ion batteries Open
A family of electrolytes for use in a lithium ion battery. The genus of electrolytes includes ketone-based solvents, such as, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone; 3,3-dimethyl 2-butanone(pinacolone) and 2-butanone. These solvents can be used in combi…
View article: Electrode for a lithium cell
Electrode for a lithium cell Open
This invention relates to a positive electrode for an electrochemical cell or battery, and to an electrochemical cell or battery; the invention relates more specifically to a positive electrode for a non-aqueous lithium cell or battery whe…
View article: Pseudo-capacitor device for aqueous electrolytes
Pseudo-capacitor device for aqueous electrolytes Open
A pseudo-capacitor having a high energy storage capacity develops a double layer capacitance as well as a Faradaic or battery-like redox reaction, also referred to as pseudo-capacitance. The Faradaic reaction gives rise to a capacitance mu…
View article: Electrically conductive material
Electrically conductive material Open
An electrically conductive material for use in solid oxide fuel cells, electrochemical sensors for combustion exhaust, and various other applications possesses increased fracture toughness over available materials, while affording the same…
View article: Monolithic solid electrolyte oxygen pump
Monolithic solid electrolyte oxygen pump Open
A multi-layer oxygen pump having a one-piece, monolithic ceramic structure affords high oxygen production per unit weight and volume and is thus particularly adapted for use as a portable oxygen supply. The oxygen pump is comprised of a la…
View article: Three-Electrode Metal Oxide Reduction Cell
Three-Electrode Metal Oxide Reduction Cell Open
A method of electrochemically reducing a metal oxide to the metal in an electrochemical cell is disclosed along with the cell. Each of the anode and cathode operate at their respective maximum reaction rates. An electrolyte and an anode at…
View article: USING A CLASSICAL POROUS MEDIA TWO PHASE FLOW MODEL TO STUDY ELECTROLYTE WETTING OF LITHIUM-ION SINGLE LAYER POUCH CELLS
USING A CLASSICAL POROUS MEDIA TWO PHASE FLOW MODEL TO STUDY ELECTROLYTE WETTING OF LITHIUM-ION SINGLE LAYER POUCH CELLS Open
The method of standard contact porosimetry was utilized to establish electrode and separator pore size distribution and electrolyte wetting parameters for a single layer lithium-ion pouch cell. A classical two phase flow model was develope…
View article: Estimating the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium in Graphite: Extremely Fast Charging and a Comparison of Data Analysis Techniques
Estimating the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium in Graphite: Extremely Fast Charging and a Comparison of Data Analysis Techniques Open
Galvanostatic intermittent titration experiments were performed in three-electrode cells to characterize the effect of C/2, 2-C and 4-C charge rates on the observed lithium diffusion coefficient. As part of the data analysis process, we co…
View article: Computational Design of Batteries from Materials to Systems
Computational Design of Batteries from Materials to Systems Open
Computer models are helping to accelerate the design and validation of next generation batteries and provide valuable insights not possible through experimental testing alone. Validated 3-D physics-based models exist for predicting electro…
View article: Pathways towards managing cost and degradation risk of fast charging cells with electrical and thermal controls
Pathways towards managing cost and degradation risk of fast charging cells with electrical and thermal controls Open
This work demonstrates pathways toward affordable, fast-charging Li-ion batteries by implementing a constant-risk charging protocol with active thermal management.
View article: Apparent Increasing Lithium Diffusion Coefficient with Applied Current in Graphite
Apparent Increasing Lithium Diffusion Coefficient with Applied Current in Graphite Open
In this study, we assert that the apparent lithium diffusion coefficient in graphite active particles in the negative electrodes of lithium-ion cells increases appreciably with the intercalation rate. This assertion is based on an electroc…
View article: Graphite Lithiation under Fast Charging Conditions: Atomistic Modeling Insights
Graphite Lithiation under Fast Charging Conditions: Atomistic Modeling Insights Open
The charging of lithium ion batteries in a fast and safe manner is critical for promoting the mass adoption of electric vehicles. Li intercalation in graphite electrodes is known to be one of the bottlenecks during the fast charging proces…
View article: <i>In situ</i> X-ray spatial profiling reveals uneven compression of electrode assemblies and steep lateral gradients in lithium-ion coin cells
<i>In situ</i> X-ray spatial profiling reveals uneven compression of electrode assemblies and steep lateral gradients in lithium-ion coin cells Open
In situ X-ray diffraction profilometry reveals radially nonuniform compression of the electrode assembly leading to large lateral heterogeneity of lithium intercalation and plating in the standard Li-ion coin cells in fast charge regimes.
View article: Understanding Impact of Local Heterogeneities During Fast Charge
Understanding Impact of Local Heterogeneities During Fast Charge Open
Reducing battery charging time to 10 minutes would improve the market acceptance and utility of electric vehicles. Such a fast charge rate is difficult to achieve in energy-dense thick battery electrodes, however. In particular, fast charg…
View article: Modeling the Performance and Cost of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric-Drive Vehicles, Third Edition
Modeling the Performance and Cost of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric-Drive Vehicles, Third Edition Open
This Manual details the Battery Performance and Cost model (BatPaC) developed at Argonne National Laboratory for lithium-ion battery packs used in automotive transportation. The model designs the battery for a specified power, energy, and …
View article: Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part I. Using Li/Cu Reference Electrodes to Probe Individual Electrode Potentials
Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part I. Using Li/Cu Reference Electrodes to Probe Individual Electrode Potentials Open
Increasing the charge rate of Li-ion cells over 1–2C (full charge in 30–60 min) would be highly desirable, but high currents flowing through the active materials push these cells to their endurance limits. In this article, we aim to unders…
View article: Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part II. Nonlinear Contributions to Cell and Electrode Polarization
Fast Charging of Li-Ion Cells: Part II. Nonlinear Contributions to Cell and Electrode Polarization Open
In this series, Li/Cu microprobes are used to monitor potentials of individual electrodes in situ during high-rate charging of Li-ion cells. Here we focus on capacity-limited charging of these cells to 6C, and present a general treatment o…
View article: Investigations of Si Thin Films as Anode of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Investigations of Si Thin Films as Anode of Lithium-Ion Batteries Open
Amorphous silicon thin films having various thicknesses were investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemical characterization of the 20 nm thick thin silicon film revealed a very low first cycle Cou…
View article: Nonlinear Conductivities and Electrochemical Performances of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Electrodes
Nonlinear Conductivities and Electrochemical Performances of LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Electrodes Open
There is increasing research attention on optimizing the carbon black nanoparticles’ structure and loading procedure for improving conductivities and thus, electrochemical performances of cathodes in lithium-ion batteries. Recently, LiNi0.…
View article: Enabling High-Energy, High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Cells: Standardization of Coin-Cell Assembly, Electrochemical Testing, and Evaluation of Full Cells
Enabling High-Energy, High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Cells: Standardization of Coin-Cell Assembly, Electrochemical Testing, and Evaluation of Full Cells Open
Coin-cells are often the test format of choice for laboratories engaged in battery research and development as they provide a convenient platform for rapid testing of new materials on a small scale. However, reliable, reproducible data via…
View article: Electrode Behavior RE-Visited: Monitoring Potential Windows, Capacity Loss, and Impedance Changes in Li<sub>1.03</sub>(Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>)<sub>0.97</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/Silicon-Graphite Full Cells
Electrode Behavior RE-Visited: Monitoring Potential Windows, Capacity Loss, and Impedance Changes in Li<sub>1.03</sub>(Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>)<sub>0.97</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/Silicon-Graphite Full Cells Open
Here, the capacity and power performance of lithium-ion battery cells evolve over time. The mechanisms leading to these changes can often be identified through knowledge of electrode potentials, which contain information about electrochemi…