Dehan Kong
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View article: Reduced strength is associated with abnormal body composition in children with a history of intestinal failure
Reduced strength is associated with abnormal body composition in children with a history of intestinal failure Open
Objective Data on the relationship between body composition and strength in children with intestinal failure (IF) is lacking. The objectives were to (1) assess strength in children with IF compared to published norms; (2) examine the relat…
View article: Convergence and Optimality of the EM Algorithm Under Multi-Component Gaussian Mixture Models
Convergence and Optimality of the EM Algorithm Under Multi-Component Gaussian Mixture Models Open
Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are fundamental statistical tools for modeling heterogeneous data. Due to the nonconcavity of the likelihood function, the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is widely used for parameter estimation of ea…
View article: Salience or value: what drives priority in pain-cognition interactions?
Salience or value: what drives priority in pain-cognition interactions? Open
The evolutionary function of pain is to protect against injury by capturing attention and motivating nocifensive behavior. This makes pain inherently salient and capable of disrupting the pursuit of competing goals. However, this interfere…
View article: The incidence and epidemiology of necrotising otitis externa in England before, during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: an updated analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics data 2002–2024
The incidence and epidemiology of necrotising otitis externa in England before, during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: an updated analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics data 2002–2024 Open
Objectives Necrotising otitis externa is a serious infective condition with significant risk of complications and a profound impact on patients’ quality of life. Methods A quantitative descriptive study was undertaken using epidemiological…
View article: A sequential classification learning for estimating quantile optimal treatment regimes
A sequential classification learning for estimating quantile optimal treatment regimes Open
Quantile optimal treatment regimes (OTRs) aim to assign treatments that maximize a specified quantile of patients' outcomes. Compared to treatment regimes that target the mean outcomes, quantile OTRs offer fairer regimes when a lower quant…
View article: Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in Otolaryngology research: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in Otolaryngology research: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials Open
Objective Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) entails working with patients and the public to shape research. The Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP2) checklist aims to improve the quality…
View article: Endoscopic Treatment and Outcome Analysis of Biliary Stricture After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Single Center Retrospective Study
Endoscopic Treatment and Outcome Analysis of Biliary Stricture After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Single Center Retrospective Study Open
Initial endoscopic treatment for BS in patients after OLT is effective, safe, and has a high success rate. However, patients with the proximal and distal bile duct angle≤145, NABS, and severe strictures exhibit poorer initial endoscopic tr…
View article: The impact of job stability on monetary poverty in Italy: causal small area estimation
The impact of job stability on monetary poverty in Italy: causal small area estimation Open
Job stability - encompassing secure contracts, adequate wages, social benefits, and career opportunities - is a critical determinant in reducing monetary poverty, as it provides households with reliable income and enhances economic well-be…
View article: Modeling Cell Type Developmental Trajectory using Multinomial Unbalanced Optimal Transport
Modeling Cell Type Developmental Trajectory using Multinomial Unbalanced Optimal Transport Open
Single-cell trajectory analysis aims to reconstruct the biological developmental processes of cells as they evolve over time, leveraging temporal correlations in gene expression. During cellular development, gene expression patterns typica…
View article: Simultaneous Estimation of Multiple Treatment Effects from Observational Studies
Simultaneous Estimation of Multiple Treatment Effects from Observational Studies Open
Unmeasured confounding presents a significant challenge in causal inference from observational studies. Classical approaches often rely on collecting proxy variables, such as instrumental variables. However, in applications where the effec…
View article: Stationarity of Manifold Time Series
Stationarity of Manifold Time Series Open
In modern interdisciplinary research, manifold time series data have been garnering more attention. A critical question in analyzing such data is ``stationarity'', which reflects the underlying dynamic behavior and is crucial across variou…
View article: LLOT: application of Laplacian Linear Optimal Transport in spatial transcriptome reconstruction
LLOT: application of Laplacian Linear Optimal Transport in spatial transcriptome reconstruction Open
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows transcriptional profiling, and cell-type annotation of individual cells. However, sample preparation in typical scRNA-seq experiments often homogenizes the samples, thus spatial locations of in…
View article: Total sulfur amino acid requirements are higher during late gestation compared with early gestation in healthy Canadian pregnancies in a repeated-measures trial
Total sulfur amino acid requirements are higher during late gestation compared with early gestation in healthy Canadian pregnancies in a repeated-measures trial Open
We directly measured TSAA requirements in healthy pregnant mothers, and our findings suggest that requirements are lower than current DRI recommendations of 20 and 25 mg⋅kg-1⋅d-1, as the EAR, and Recommended Dietary Allowance, respectively…
View article: Empirical likelihood M‐estimation for the varying‐coefficient model with functional response
Empirical likelihood M‐estimation for the varying‐coefficient model with functional response Open
This work is motivated by a gap in the functional data analysis literature, particularly in the context of neuroimaging, regarding the ability of functional models to robustly accommodate intra‐observation dependence. In response, we propo…
View article: Modeling single cell trajectory using forward-backward stochastic differential equations
Modeling single cell trajectory using forward-backward stochastic differential equations Open
Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technology have provided opportunities for mathematical modeling of dynamic developmental processes at the single-cell level, such as inferring developmental trajectories. Optimal transport has eme…
View article: Gaussian variational approximation with composite likelihood for crossed random effect models
Gaussian variational approximation with composite likelihood for crossed random effect models Open
Composite likelihood usually ignores dependencies among response components, while variational approximation to likelihood ignores dependencies among parameter components. We derive a Gaussian variational approximation to the composite log…
View article: The Minimum Methionine Requirement for Adults Aged ≥60 Years Is the Same in Males and Females
The Minimum Methionine Requirement for Adults Aged ≥60 Years Is the Same in Males and Females Open
The minimum methionine requirement in the presence of excess dietary cysteine has not been determined in older adults. This study aimed to determine the minimum methionine requirement in healthy older adults using the indicator amino acid …
View article: Modeling Single Cell Trajectory Using Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations
Modeling Single Cell Trajectory Using Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations Open
Recent advances in single-cell sequencing technology have provided opportunities for mathematical modeling of dynamic developmental processes at the single-cell level, such as inferring developmental trajectories. Optimal transport has eme…
View article: The synthetic instrument: From sparse association to sparse causation
The synthetic instrument: From sparse association to sparse causation Open
In many observational studies, researchers are often interested in studying the effects of multiple exposures on a single outcome. Standard approaches for high-dimensional data such as the lasso assume the associations between the exposure…