Dirk Ostwald
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View article: The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales
The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales Open
Empathy is widely considered one of the most fundamental components of prosocial and cooperative human behavior. However, contemporary research still struggles to reach a unified conceptualization of empathy. This lack of conceptual unity …
View article: The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales
The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales Open
Empathy is widely considered one of the most fundamental components of prosocial and cooperative human behavior. However, contemporary research still struggles to reach a unified conceptualization of empathy. This lack of conceptual unity …
View article: Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task
Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task Open
Despite its key role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety disorders, the detailed mechanisms of human avoidance learning remain elusive. To contribute to the understanding of avoidance learning, we here report on a nov…
View article: Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task
Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task Open
Despite its key role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety disorders, the detailed mechanisms of human avoidance learning remain elusive. To contribute to the understanding of avoidance learning, we here report on a nov…
View article: Use it or lose it: Facilitating the use of interactive data apps in psychological research data sharing
Use it or lose it: Facilitating the use of interactive data apps in psychological research data sharing Open
The value of open research data (ORD), a key feature of open science, lies in their reuse. However, the mere online availability of ORD does not guarantee their reuse by other researchers. Specifically, previous meta-scientific research ha…
View article: Conceptualizing and measuring empathy: An exploratory factor analysis of empathy self-rating subscales
Conceptualizing and measuring empathy: An exploratory factor analysis of empathy self-rating subscales Open
Empathy is widely considered one of the most fundamental components of prosocial and cooperative human behavior. However, contemporary research still struggles to reach a unified conceptualization of empathy. This lack of conceptual unity …
View article: The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales
The Psychometric Construction of Empathy: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of Empathy Self-Rating Subscales Open
Empathy is widely considered one of the most fundamental components of prosocial and cooperative human behavior. However, contemporary research still struggles to reach a unified conceptualization of empathy. This lack of conceptual unity …
View article: Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task
Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task Open
Despite its key role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety disorders, the detailed mechanisms of human avoidance learning remain elusive. To contribute to the understanding of avoidance learning, we here report on a nov…
View article: Semantic Surprise Predicts the N400 Brain Potential
Semantic Surprise Predicts the N400 Brain Potential Open
Language is central to human life; however, how our brains derive meaning from language is still not well understood. A commonly studied electrophysiological measure of on-line meaning related processing is the N400 component, the computat…
View article: An induction proof of the backpropagation algorithm in matrix notation
An induction proof of the backpropagation algorithm in matrix notation Open
Backpropagation (BP) is a core component of the contemporary deep learning incarnation of neural networks. Briefly, BP is an algorithm that exploits the computational architecture of neural networks to efficiently evaluate the gradient of …
View article: Neural surprise in somatosensory Bayesian learning
Neural surprise in somatosensory Bayesian learning Open
Tracking statistical regularities of the environment is important for shaping human behavior and perception. Evidence suggests that the brain learns environmental dependencies using Bayesian principles. However, much remains unknown about …
View article: Brain–Behavior Associations for Risk Taking Depend on the Measures Used to Capture Individual Differences
Brain–Behavior Associations for Risk Taking Depend on the Measures Used to Capture Individual Differences Open
Maladaptive risk taking can have severe individual and societal consequences; thus, individual differences are prominent targets for intervention and prevention. Although brain activation has been shown to be associated with individual dif…
View article: Berlin|Oxford Summer School 2020
Berlin|Oxford Summer School 2020 Open
This repository contains materials and talks for the Berlin|Oxford Summer School 2020 from 28th September to 1st of October
View article: Belief states and categorical-choice biases determine reward-based learning under perceptual uncertainty
Belief states and categorical-choice biases determine reward-based learning under perceptual uncertainty Open
In natural settings, learning and decision making often takes place under considerable perceptual uncertainty. Here we investigate the computational principles that govern reward-based learning and decision making under perceptual uncertai…
View article: Human belief state-based exploration and exploitation in an information-selective symmetric reversal bandit task
Human belief state-based exploration and exploitation in an information-selective symmetric reversal bandit task Open
Humans often face sequential decision-making problems, in which information about the environmental reward structure is detached from rewards for a subset of actions. In the current exploratory study, we introduce an information-selective …
View article: Neural surprise in somatosensory Bayesian learning
Neural surprise in somatosensory Bayesian learning Open
Tracking statistical regularities of the environment is important for shaping human behavior and perception. Evidence suggests that the brain learns environmental dependencies using Bayesian principles. However, much remains unknown about …
View article: Oxford-Berlin Open Research summer school 2019
Oxford-Berlin Open Research summer school 2019 Open
Slides from my introductory talk at the Oxford-Berlin Open Research summer school on 16 September 2019.
View article: Sustainability and transparency in computational cognitive neuroscience
Sustainability and transparency in computational cognitive neuroscience Open
In this talk, I will discuss open science practices that aim to foster sustainability and transparency in computational cognitive neuroscience. First, I will review recent community efforts that aim to ease data sharing and analytical repr…
View article: Evaluation of the 3D fractal dimension as a marker of structural brain complexity in multiple‐acquisition MRI
Evaluation of the 3D fractal dimension as a marker of structural brain complexity in multiple‐acquisition MRI Open
Fractal analysis represents a promising new approach to structural neuroimaging data, yet systematic evaluation of the fractal dimension (FD) as a marker of structural brain complexity is scarce. Here we present in‐depth methodological ass…
View article: Power, positive predictive value, and sample size calculations for random field theory-based fMRI inference
Power, positive predictive value, and sample size calculations for random field theory-based fMRI inference Open
Recent discussions on the reproducibility of task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have emphasized the importance of power and sample size calculations in fMRI study planning. In general, statistical power and s…
View article: Power, positive predictive value, and sample size calculations for random field theory-based fMRI inference
Power, positive predictive value, and sample size calculations for random field theory-based fMRI inference Open
This project contains data and code related to Ostwald et al. (2019) Power, positive predictive value, and sample size calculations for random field theory-based fMRI inference.
View article: Brain-outcome associations for risk taking depend on the measures used to capture individual differences
Brain-outcome associations for risk taking depend on the measures used to capture individual differences Open
Maladaptive risk taking can have severe individual and societal consequences, thus individual differences are prominent targets for intervention and prevention. How to capture individual differences in risk taking, however, presents a majo…