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View article: Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Observed at the Telescope Array Surface Detector
Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Observed at the Telescope Array Surface Detector Open
The first time‐resolved leader spectra associated with a downward Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flash (TGF) observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) were recently reported by Kieu et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041720 )…
View article: Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays Originating from Relativistic Jets of Nearby Radio Galaxies
Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays Originating from Relativistic Jets of Nearby Radio Galaxies Open
Relativistic jets of radio galaxies (RGs) are possible sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Recent studies combining relativistic hydrodynamic simulations with Monte Carlo particle transport have demonstrated that UHECRs can …
View article: Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Originating from Relativistic Jets of Nearby Radio Galaxies
Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Originating from Relativistic Jets of Nearby Radio Galaxies Open
Relativistic jets of radio galaxies (RGs) are possible sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Recent studies combining relativistic hydrodynamic simulations with Monte Carlo particle transport have demonstrated that UHECRs can …
View article: Neutrinos from Carbon-burning Red Supergiants and Their Detectability
Neutrinos from Carbon-burning Red Supergiants and Their Detectability Open
Stars emit megaelectronvolt neutrinos during their evolution via nuclear syntheses and thermal processes, and detecting them could provide insights into stellar structure beyond what is accessible through electromagnetic wave observations.…
View article: Morphology and Mach Number Distribution of Merger Shock Surfaces in Merging Galaxy Clusters
Morphology and Mach Number Distribution of Merger Shock Surfaces in Merging Galaxy Clusters Open
In a binary merger of two subclusters with comparable masses, a pair of merger shocks are typically generated, often manifesting as double radio relics. Using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, we identify major merger events with mass…
View article: Intermediate Fluence Downward Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes as Observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector
Intermediate Fluence Downward Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes as Observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector Open
On 11 September 2021, two small thunderstorms developed over the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) that produced an unprecedented number of six downward terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) within one‐hour timeframe. The TGFs occurre…
View article: First Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flash Detected at the Telescope Array Surface Detector
First Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flash Detected at the Telescope Array Surface Detector Open
Optical emissions associated with Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes (TGFs) have recently become important subjects in space‐based and ground‐based observations as they can help us understand how TGFs are produced during thunderstorms. In this …
View article: A Simulation Study of Low-power Relativistic Jets: Flow Dynamics and Radio Morphology of FR-I Jets
A Simulation Study of Low-power Relativistic Jets: Flow Dynamics and Radio Morphology of FR-I Jets Open
Radio galaxies are classified into two primary categories based on their morphology: center-brightened FR-I and edge-brightened FR-II. It is believed that the jet power and interactions with the ambient medium govern the deceleration and d…
View article: A Simulation Study of Low-Power Relativistic Jets: Flow Dynamics and Radio Morphology of FR-I Jets
A Simulation Study of Low-Power Relativistic Jets: Flow Dynamics and Radio Morphology of FR-I Jets Open
Radio galaxies are classified into two primary categories based on their morphology: center-brightened FR-I and edge-brightened FR-II. It is believed that the jet power and interactions with the ambient medium govern the deceleration and d…
View article: Morphology and Mach Number Distribution of Merger Shock Surfaces in Merging Galaxy Clusters
Morphology and Mach Number Distribution of Merger Shock Surfaces in Merging Galaxy Clusters Open
In a binary merger of two subclusters with comparable masses, a pair of merger shocks are typically generated, often manifesting as double radio relics. Using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, we identify major merger events with mass…
View article: First Time-Resolved Leader Spectra associated with a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash detected at the Telescope Array Surface Detector
First Time-Resolved Leader Spectra associated with a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash detected at the Telescope Array Surface Detector Open
Optical emissions associated with Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) have recently become important subjects in space-based and ground-based observations since these emissions play crucial roles in understanding the generation of TGFs du…
View article: Radio surface fluctuations in radio relics
Radio surface fluctuations in radio relics Open
Recent observations have revealed detailed structures of radio relics across a wide range of frequencies. In this work, we performed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical (3D MHD) simulations of merger shocks propagating through a turbul…
View article: Radio surface fluctuations in radio relics
Radio surface fluctuations in radio relics Open
Recent observations have revealed detailed structures of radio relics in a wide range of frequencies. In this work, we perform three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of merger shocks propagating through a turbulent magnetized …
View article: Model Spectrum of Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated in FR-I Radio Galaxy Jets
Model Spectrum of Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated in FR-I Radio Galaxy Jets Open
Nearby radio galaxies (RGs) of Fanaroff–Riley Class I (FR-I) are considered possible sites for the production of observed ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Among those, some exhibit blazar-like inner jets, while others display plume-l…
View article: An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array
An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array Open
Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting area…
View article: Model Spectrum of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated in FR-I Radio Galaxy Jets
Model Spectrum of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated in FR-I Radio Galaxy Jets Open
Nearby radio galaxies (RGs) of Fanaroff-Riley Class I (FR-I) are considered possible sites for the production of observed ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Among those, some exhibit blazar-like inner jets, while others display plume-…
View article: HOW-MHD: A High-order WENO-based Magnetohydrodynamic Code with a High-order Constrained Transport Algorithm for Astrophysical Applications
HOW-MHD: A High-order WENO-based Magnetohydrodynamic Code with a High-order Constrained Transport Algorithm for Astrophysical Applications Open
Due to the prevalence of magnetic fields in astrophysical environments, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation has become a basic tool for studying astrophysical fluid dynamics. To further advance the precision of MHD simulations, we have de…
View article: First High‐Speed Video Camera Observations of a Lightning Flash Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flash
First High‐Speed Video Camera Observations of a Lightning Flash Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flash Open
In this paper, we present the first high‐speed video observation of a cloud‐to‐ground lightning flash and its associated downward‐directed Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flash (TGF). The optical emission of the event was observed by a high‐speed vi…
View article: Electron–Ion Temperature Ratio in Astrophysical Shocks
Electron–Ion Temperature Ratio in Astrophysical Shocks Open
Collisionless shock waves in supernova remnants and the solar wind heat electrons less effectively than they heat ions, as is predicted by kinetic simulations. However, the values of T e / T p inferred from the H α profiles of supernova re…
View article: HOW-MHD: A High-Order WENO-Based Magnetohydrodynamic Code with a High-Order Constrained Transport Algorithm for Astrophysical Applications
HOW-MHD: A High-Order WENO-Based Magnetohydrodynamic Code with a High-Order Constrained Transport Algorithm for Astrophysical Applications Open
Due to the prevalence of magnetic fields in astrophysical environments, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation has become a basic tool for studying astrophysical fluid dynamics. To further advance the precision of MHD simulations, we have de…
View article: Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Astrophysical Shocks
Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Astrophysical Shocks Open
Collisionless shock waves in supernova remnants and the solar wind heat electrons less effectively than they heat ions, as is predicted by kinetic simulations. However, the values of T$_e$/T$_p$ inferred from the H alpha profiles of supern…
View article: A Simulation Study of Ultra-relativistic Jets. III. Particle Acceleration in FR-II Jets
A Simulation Study of Ultra-relativistic Jets. III. Particle Acceleration in FR-II Jets Open
We study the acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in Class II Fanaroff–Riley (FR-II) radio galaxies by performing Monte Carlo simulations for the transport, scattering, and energy change of CR particles injected into time…
View article: Cosmic-Ray Acceleration and Nonthermal Radiation at Accretion Shocks in the Outer Regions of Galaxy Clusters
Cosmic-Ray Acceleration and Nonthermal Radiation at Accretion Shocks in the Outer Regions of Galaxy Clusters Open
Cosmology models predict that external accretion shocks form in the outer region of galaxy clusters owing to supersonic gas infall from filaments and voids in the cosmic web. They are characterized by high sonic and Alfvénic Mach numbers, …
View article: A Simulation Study of Ultra-relativistic Jets -- III. Particle Acceleration at FR-II Jets
A Simulation Study of Ultra-relativistic Jets -- III. Particle Acceleration at FR-II Jets Open
We study the acceleration of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at FR-II radio galaxies by performing Monte Carlo simulations for the transport, scattering, and energy change of the CR particles injected into the time-evolving jet flow…
View article: Cosmic Ray Acceleration and Nonthermal Radiation at Accretion Shocks in the Outer Regions of Galaxy Clusters
Cosmic Ray Acceleration and Nonthermal Radiation at Accretion Shocks in the Outer Regions of Galaxy Clusters Open
Cosmology models predict that external accretion shocks form in the outer region of galaxy clusters due to supersonic gas infall from filaments and voids in the cosmic web. They are characterized by high sonic and Alfvénic Mach numbers, $M…
View article: Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions
Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions Open
It has recently been demonstrated experimentally that a turbulent plasma created by the collision of two inhomogeneous, asymmetric, weakly magnetized, laser-produced plasma jets can generate strong stochastic magnetic fields via the small-…
View article: Strong suppression of heat conduction in a laboratory replica of galaxy-cluster turbulent plasmas
Strong suppression of heat conduction in a laboratory replica of galaxy-cluster turbulent plasmas Open
In conventional gases and plasmas, it is known that heat fluxes are proportional to temperature gradients, with collisions between particles mediating energy flow from hotter to colder regions and the coefficient of thermal conduction give…
View article: Effects of Forcing on Shocks and Energy Dissipation in Interstellar and Intracluster Turbulences
Effects of Forcing on Shocks and Energy Dissipation in Interstellar and Intracluster Turbulences Open
Observations indicate that turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) is supersonic ( M turb ≫ 1) and strongly magnetized ( β ∼ 0.01–1), while in the intracluster medium (ICM) it is subsonic ( M turb ≲ 1) and weakly magnetized ( β ∼ 100).…
View article: Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions
Insensitivity of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo to initial conditions Open
It has recently been demonstrated experimentally that a turbulent plasma created by the collision of two inhomogeneous, asymmetric, weakly magnetised laser-produced plasma jets can generate strong stochastic magnetic fields via the small-s…