Dudley E. Shallcross
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View article: Global modeling of trifluoroacetic acid surface concentration and deposition from the gas-phase oxidation of a wide range of precursor hydrofluoroolefins
Global modeling of trifluoroacetic acid surface concentration and deposition from the gas-phase oxidation of a wide range of precursor hydrofluoroolefins Open
Oxidation of hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) is a source of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the lower atmosphere.
View article: Atmospheric Oxidation of Hydrofluoroolefins and Hydrochlorofluoroolefins by Ozone Produces HFC-23, PFC-14, and CFC-13
Atmospheric Oxidation of Hydrofluoroolefins and Hydrochlorofluoroolefins by Ozone Produces HFC-23, PFC-14, and CFC-13 Open
Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and hydrochlorofluoroolefins (HCFOs) are fluorinated compounds developed to replace refrigerant and propellant gases known to be ozone-depleting substances and/or potent greenhouse gases (GHGs). Their short atmosp…
View article: Photochemical Ozone Production Along Flight Trajectories in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere and Route Optimisation
Photochemical Ozone Production Along Flight Trajectories in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere and Route Optimisation Open
Aviation is widely recognised to have global-scale climate impacts through the formation of ozone (O3) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), driven by emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX). Ozone is known to be one of the mo…
View article: Tracer release experiments to interpret pollutant dispersion in Bristol, UK.
Tracer release experiments to interpret pollutant dispersion in Bristol, UK. Open
Urban air flow is affected by topography, built environment and meteorology in a way that can be difficult to predict. The deliberate release of inert, non-toxic tracers can provide measurements of air flow. A series of experiments in Bris…
View article: A Pollutant’s Tale: An Interactive Talk on the Chemistry of the Earth’s Climate and Its Response to Pollutants
A Pollutant’s Tale: An Interactive Talk on the Chemistry of the Earth’s Climate and Its Response to Pollutants Open
A Pollutant's Tale and its primary school version, Gases in the Air, are two talks that have been developed and modified over the last ca. 18 years, that provide audiences from approximately 4-90 years old with the background to the compos…
View article: Isoprene Emissions, Oxidation Chemistry and Environmental Impacts
Isoprene Emissions, Oxidation Chemistry and Environmental Impacts Open
Isoprene emissions can affect the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and are likely to increase with an increase in the world’s biomass. The emission of isoprene is strongest in tropical forested regions, suggesting a major portion of tr…
View article: Insights and innovations to mitigate aviation climate impact by 2030
Insights and innovations to mitigate aviation climate impact by 2030 Open
The aviation sector needs to work fast to address its impact on the environment. A small conference in Bristol brought together technologists, climate scientists, policy makers and activists to examine the issues. Here we report on present…
View article: Simple Climate Models That Can Be Used in Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Education
Simple Climate Models That Can Be Used in Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Education Open
Climate change is of great concern to all age groups but in particular to children. "Simple" climate models have been in place for a long time and can be used effectively with post-16 students. For younger children, modifications are requi…
View article: Investigating the Effect of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Emission Reduction on Surface-Level Ozone (O3) during Summer across the UK
Investigating the Effect of Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Emission Reduction on Surface-Level Ozone (O3) during Summer across the UK Open
UK air pollutant data collected over a 10-year period (2010–2019) from 46 sites with Urban Traffic, Urban Background, Suburban Background, Rural Background, and Urban Industrial environmental types were analysed to study the relationships …
View article: Elucidating the Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns in the UK on the O3-NOx-VOC Relationship
Elucidating the Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns in the UK on the O3-NOx-VOC Relationship Open
The unprecedented reductions in anthropogenic emissions over the COVID-19 lockdowns were utilised to investigate the response of ozone (O3) concentrations to changes in its precursors across various UK sites. Ozone, volatile organic compou…
View article: Evaluating Health Risks of Volatile Organic Compounds in Various UK Environments: Insights from Health Indices
Evaluating Health Risks of Volatile Organic Compounds in Various UK Environments: Insights from Health Indices Open
The health risks of twelve volatile organic compounds (VOCs) across three sites in the UK were analysed across an 11-year period (2013–2023) using US EPA proposed health indices; Inhalation Unit Risk (IUR) and Reference Concentration (RfC)…
View article: Smart Worksheets and Their Positive Impact on a Second-Year Chemical Kinetics Course
Smart Worksheets and Their Positive Impact on a Second-Year Chemical Kinetics Course Open
Smart Worksheets were introduced in 2017 into a second-year undergraduate chemical kinetics course (UK) and were available to students from the start of the course until the summer examination (ca. 3 months in duration). Several metrics st…
View article: Trifluoroacetic Acid: Toxicity, Sources, Sinks and Future Prospects
Trifluoroacetic Acid: Toxicity, Sources, Sinks and Future Prospects Open
Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a known and persistent pollutant in the environment. Although several direct anthropogenic sources exist, production from the atmospheric degradation of fluorocarbons such as some hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) has…
View article: Understanding and quantifying chemical uncertainties in the hydrogen budget
Understanding and quantifying chemical uncertainties in the hydrogen budget Open
The potential transition to a hydrogen-based economy, requires a comprehensive understanding of hydrogen's atmospheric behaviour for well-informed decision-making. Among the uncertainties surrounding the atmospheric fate of hydrogen, the c…
View article: Electrical environment can be altered at 1 km distances from high voltage power lines.
Electrical environment can be altered at 1 km distances from high voltage power lines. Open
High voltage powerlines emit electrical charges into the atmosphere which can then attach to aerosols. This space charge above ground can be measured directly using ion spectrometers or indirectly through perturbations of the Earth’s poten…
View article: Chemical Science Research, Elementary School Children and Their Teachers Are More Closely Related than You May Imagine: The “I Bet You Did Not Know” Project
Chemical Science Research, Elementary School Children and Their Teachers Are More Closely Related than You May Imagine: The “I Bet You Did Not Know” Project Open
Topics associated with the chemical sciences form a significant part of the curriculum in science at the primary school level in the U.K. In this methodology paper, we demonstrate how a wide range of research articles associated with the c…
View article: Indoor Exchange Rates and Penetration From Outdoors in an Instrumented Terraced House (Townhouse) Using Gas Tracers: Implications for Particles and Gases Indoors
Indoor Exchange Rates and Penetration From Outdoors in an Instrumented Terraced House (Townhouse) Using Gas Tracers: Implications for Particles and Gases Indoors Open
Air exchange rate is a key determinant of indoor air quality which is highly variable within the rooms of a naturally ventilated terraced house (townhouse). Window opening can increase the air exchange rate, but internal door opening betwe…
View article: Ozonolysis can produce long-lived greenhouse gases from commercial refrigerants
Ozonolysis can produce long-lived greenhouse gases from commercial refrigerants Open
Hydrofluoroolefins are being adopted as sustainable alternatives to long-lived fluorine- and chlorine-containing gases and are finding current or potential mass-market applications as refrigerants, among a myriad of other uses. Their olefi…
View article: Flipping the Thinking on Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion. Why EDI Is Essential for the Development and Progression of the Chemical Sciences: A Case Study Approach
Flipping the Thinking on Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion. Why EDI Is Essential for the Development and Progression of the Chemical Sciences: A Case Study Approach Open
All learners have a contribution to make to the development of the Chemical Sciences, be that in novel ways to teach, and their perspectives and contexts, but also in research, both in chemical education and the wider Chemical Sciences. Th…
View article: Outreach: Impact on Skills and Future Careers of Postgraduate Practitioners Working with the Bristol ChemLabS Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning
Outreach: Impact on Skills and Future Careers of Postgraduate Practitioners Working with the Bristol ChemLabS Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning Open
Postgraduate engagement in delivering outreach activities is more commonplace than it once was. However, the impact on postgraduate students (typically studying for a Ph.D. degree) of participating in the delivery of these outreach activit…
View article: Direct gas-phase formation of formic acid through reaction of Criegee intermediates with formaldehyde
Direct gas-phase formation of formic acid through reaction of Criegee intermediates with formaldehyde Open
Ozonolysis of isoprene is considered to be an important source of formic acid (HCOOH), but its underlying reaction mechanisms related to HCOOH formation are poorly understood. Here, we report the kinetic and product studies of the reaction…
View article: Airborne observations over the North Atlantic Ocean reveal the importance of gas-phase urea in the atmosphere
Airborne observations over the North Atlantic Ocean reveal the importance of gas-phase urea in the atmosphere Open
Reduced nitrogen (N) is central to global biogeochemistry, yet there are large uncertainties surrounding its sources and rate of cycling. Here, we present observations of gas-phase urea (CO(NH 2 ) 2 ) in the atmosphere from airborne high-r…
View article: A quasi-one-dimensional model for ion-aerosol interactions and aerosol charge state downwind of corona-producing alternating current (AC) HVPL under stable atmospheric conditions
A quasi-one-dimensional model for ion-aerosol interactions and aerosol charge state downwind of corona-producing alternating current (AC) HVPL under stable atmospheric conditions Open
Corona ions produced by high voltage power lines (HVPL) can alter the local atmospheric electrical environment downwind, potentially increasing electrostatic charge on airborne particulates via ion-aerosol attachment. However, previous epi…
View article: Overhead AC powerlines and rain can alter the electric charge distribution on airborne particles – Implications for aerosol dispersion and lung deposition
Overhead AC powerlines and rain can alter the electric charge distribution on airborne particles – Implications for aerosol dispersion and lung deposition Open
Corona ions from high voltage power lines (HVPL) can increase electrostatic charge on airborne pollutant particulates, possibly increasing received dose upon inhalation. To investigate the potential increased risk of childhood leukemia ass…
View article: Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data
Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data Open
Application of formation flights to civil aviation is gaining interest, primarily due to the fuel burn reduction achieved by flying through another aircraft's wake. However, it is emerging that there are additional, less‐recognized climate…
View article: Particle Number Concentration Measurements on Public Transport in Bangkok, Thailand
Particle Number Concentration Measurements on Public Transport in Bangkok, Thailand Open
Traffic is a major source of particulate pollution in large cities, and particulate matter (PM) level in Bangkok often exceeds the World Health Organisation limits. While PM2.5 and PM10 are both measured in Bangkok regularly, the sub-micro…