Explanipedia

Electronic cigarette (E-Cigarette) vapor amplifies inflammation and the pathogenic extracellular vesicle signature associated with LPS-driven lung injury 3771 Open

Matthew C. Madison, Aaron S. Noa, Amit Gaggar, J. Edwin Blalock · 2025

Description Background E-cigarette use has surged as an alternative to traditional smoking, but the pulmonary effects of e-cigarette vapor remain poorly understood. Previous work has shown that bacterial components like lipopolysaccharide …

Abstract 107: The Effect of Baseline Reperfusion Status on Thrombectomy Outcomes in ICAS‐LVO — A Secondary Analysis of the RESCUE‐ICAS Registry Open

Adam de Havenon, K. Moldovan, J. Edwin Blalock, Jan‐Karl Burkhardt, Sam Wolfe , et al. · 2025

Introduction Among patients with emergent large vessel occlusion due to intracranial stenosis (ICAS‐LVO), the effect of reperfusion status following thrombectomy remains unknown. In this secondary analysis of the RESCUE‐ICAS registry, we e…

E-cigarette vapor amplifies neutrophilic inflammation and proteolytic EVs in response to LPS Open

Lawrence Rasmussen, Dakota C Finley, Julian Bergen Smith, Aaron S. Noa, J. Edwin Blalock , et al. · 2025

Background While e-cigarette use (vaping) has increased in the last decade, its effects on airway inflammation and extracellular vesicle (EV) biology remain unclear. This study examined how long-term and acute vapor exposures influence lun…

A lactobacilli-based inhaled live biotherapeutic product attenuates pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation Open

Teodora Nicola, Nancy Wenger, Xin Xu, Michael Evans, Luhua Qiao , et al. · 2024

Airway extracellular LTA4H concentrations are governed by release from liver hepatocytes and changes in lung vascular permeability Open

Kyle T. Mincham, Samia Akthar, Dhiren F. Patel, Garance F. M. Meyer, Clare M. Lloyd , et al. · 2024

Leukotriene A₄ hydrolase (LTA₄H) is a bifunctional enzyme, with dual activities critical in defining the scale of tissue inflammation and pathology. LTA₄H classically operates intracellularly, primarily wit…

Neutrophil elastase-dependent cleavage of LTA4H alters its aminopeptidase activity in cystic fibrosis Open

Xin Xu, Jindong Li, Todd J. Green, Landon Wilson, Kristopher R. Genschmer , et al. · 2024

This study demonstrates that neutrophil elastase is a major enzyme responsible for the regulation of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) upon neutrophil activation, altering the aminopeptidase activity of LTA4H in the cystic fibrosis lung htt…

Airway Extracellular LTA4H Concentrations are Governed by Release From Liver Hepatocyte and Changes in Lung Vascular Permeability Open

Kyle T. Mincham, Samia Akthar, Dhiren F. Patel, Clare M. Lloyd, Amit Gaggar , et al. · 2024

Protease-armed, Pathogenic Extracellular Vesicles Link Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Open

Matthew C. Madison, Camilla Margaroli, Kristopher R. Genschmer, Derek W. Russell, J. Michael Wells , et al. · 2023

Rationale: Mounting evidence demonstrates a role for extracellular vesicles (EVs) in driving lung disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although cigarette smoke (CS) is the primary risk factor for COPD, a …

Therapeutic effect of two strategies directed at disruption of pathogenic neutrophil extracellular vesicles in a murine emphysema model Open

Kristopher R. Genschmer, Matthew C. Madison, Liliana Viera, Camilla Margaroli, Amit Gaggar , et al. · 2023

Protamine sulfate facilitates the removal of neutrophil elastase (NE) from the surface of extracellular vesicles from activated neutrophils. This “free” NE is no longer protected from inhibition by its endogenous anti-protease, α-1-anti-tr…

Neutrophilic Inflammation in Models of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is Rescued by a Lactobacilli Based Live Biotherapeutic Open

Teodora Nicola, Nancy Wenger, Xin Xu, Michael Evans, Gabriel Rezonzew , et al. · 2023

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease of prematurity. Exposure to noxious stimuli such as hyperoxia, volutrauma, and infection in infancy can have long-reaching impacts on lung health and predispose towards the develop…

An in vivo model for extracellular vesicle–induced emphysema Open

Camilla Margaroli, Matthew C. Madison, Liliana Viera, Derek W. Russell, Amit Gaggar , et al. · 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a debilitating chronic disease and the third-leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is characterized by airway neutrophilia, promoting tissue injury through release of toxic mediators and p…

Extracellular Vesicles as Central Mediators of COPD Pathophysiology Open

Derek W. Russell, Kristopher R. Genschmer, J. Edwin Blalock · 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex, heterogeneous, smoking-related disease of significant global impact. The complex biology of COPD is ultimately driven by a few interrelated processes, including proteolytic tissue …

380: Neutrophil-derived proteolytic extracellular vesicles in CF lung disease Open

Kristopher R. Genschmer, Amit Gaggar, J. Edwin Blalock · 2021

Potential Role of High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Disease Open

Steven M. Rowe, Patricia L. Jackson, Gang Liu, Mathew Hardison, Alessandra Livraghi , et al. · 2021

Rationale: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a potent inflammatory mediator elevated in sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis, although its role in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is unknown.

A mechanism for matrikine regulation in acute inflammatory lung injury Open

Sarah W. Robison, JinDong Li, Liliana Viera, Jonathan P. Blackburn, Rakesh P. Patel , et al. · 2021

Proline-glycine-proline (PGP) and its acetylated form (Ac-PGP) are neutrophil chemoattractants generated by collagen degradation, and they have been shown to play a role in chronic inflammatory disease. However, the mechanism for matrikine…

Prolyl endopeptidase contributes to early neutrophilic inflammation in acute myocardial transplant rejection Open

Gregory A. Payne, Nirmal Sharma, Charitharth Vivek Lal, Chunyan Song, Lingling Guo , et al. · 2021

Altered inflammation and tissue remodeling are cardinal features of cardiovascular disease and cardiac transplant rejection. Neutrophils have increasingly been understood to play a critical role in acute rejection and early allograft failu…

Neutrophilic inflammation during lung development disrupts elastin assembly and predisposes adult mice to COPD Open

John T. Benjamin, Erin J. Plosa, Jennifer M. S. Sucre, Riet van der Meer, Shivangi Dave , et al. · 2020

Emerging evidence indicates that early life events can increase the risk for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using an inducible transgenic mouse model for NF-κB activation in the airway epithelium, we found that a …

Loss of Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase-3 Protects Against the Development of Emphysema Open

Fengwei Tan, Anna Zhou, Alexandra C. Racanelli, Suzanne M. Cloonan, J. Edwin Blalock , et al. · 2020

Diastolic Dysfunction Is Associated with Higher Risk of Hospital Readmission in COPD Open

Siddharth Patel, Erica Anderson, J. Michael Wells, J. Edwin Blalock, M.T. Dransfield , et al. · 2020

The matrikine acetyl-proline-glycine-proline and clinical features of COPD: findings from SPIROMICS Open

J. Michael Wells, Dongqi Xing, Liliana Viera, Robert M. Burkes, Yixin Wu , et al. · 2019

An Ancient CFTR Ortholog Informs Molecular Evolution in ABC Transporters Open

Guiying Cui, Jeong S. Hong, Yu‐Wen Chung‐Davidson, Daniel T. Infield, Xin Xu , et al. · 2019

Effects of hyperoxia on alveolar and pulmonary vascular development in germ-free mice Open

Kalsang Dolma, Amelia E. Freeman, Gabriel Rezonzew, Gregory A. Payne, Xin Xu , et al. · 2019

Airway microbial dysbiosis is associated with subsequent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development in very preterm infants. However, the relationship of airway microbiome in normal pulmonary development has not been defined. To better u…

Benzyloxycarbonyl-proline-prolinal (ZPP): Dual complementary roles for neutrophil inhibition Open

Derek W. Russell, Mathew Hardison, Kristopher R. Genschmer, Tomasz Szul, Preston E. Bratcher , et al. · 2019

Abnormal pro-gly-pro pathway and airway neutrophilia in pediatric cystic fibrosis Open

A R Turnbull, Chloe J. Pyle, Dhiren F. Patel, Patricia L. Jackson, Tom Hilliard , et al. · 2019

Proline-Glycine-Proline Peptides Are Critical in the Development of Smoke-induced Emphysema Open

Mojtaba Abdul Roda, Xin Xu, Tarek Abdalla, Mariam Sadik, Tomasz Szul , et al. · 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide and is characterized by an excessive airway neutrophilic response. The neutrophil chemoattractant proline-glycine-proline (PGP) and its more potent acetyl…

Activated PMN Exosomes: Pathogenic Entities Causing Matrix Destruction and Disease in the Lung Open

Kristopher R. Genschmer, Derek W. Russell, Charitharth Vivek Lal, Tomasz Szul, Preston E. Bratcher , et al. · 2019

Vaporized E-Cigarette Liquids Induce Ion Transport Dysfunction in Airway Epithelia Open

Vivian Lin, Matthew D. Fain, Patricia L. Jackson, Taylor F. Berryhill, Landon Wilson , et al. · 2018

Cigarette smoking is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis. Acquired ion transport abnormalities, including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction, caused by cigarette …

An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness Open

Dhiren F. Patel, Teresa Peiró, Amelia Shoemark, Samia Akthar, Simone A. Walker , et al. · 2018

The matrikine PGP is a mediator of pathological epithelial remodeling in asthma.

Early airway microbial metagenomic and metabolomic signatures are associated with development of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia Open

Charitharth Vivek Lal, Jegen Kandasamy, Kalsang Dolma, Manimaran Ramani, Ranjit Kumar , et al. · 2018

The pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is not well understood. We previously identified differences in the airway microbiome at birth between preterm infants who were BPD predisposed versus those who were BPD resistant. In th…

The neutrophil chemoattractant peptide proline-glycine-proline is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome Open

Nirmal Sharma, Charitharth Vivek Lal, Jindong Li, Xiang‐Yang Lou, Liliana Viera , et al. · 2018

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by unrelenting polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) inflammation and vascular permeability. The matrikine proline-glycine-proline (PGP) and acetylated PGP (Ac-PGP) have been shown t…

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