Elin Hernlund
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View article: Quantitative assessment of gait alterations and variability in sulky‐driven Standardbred trotters after a standardised exercise test
Quantitative assessment of gait alterations and variability in sulky‐driven Standardbred trotters after a standardised exercise test Open
Background Assessment of equine metabolic and locomotory responses to quantified levels of physical exercise is needed to support the creation of tailored protocols for optimal training adaptation. The locomotory response to exercise in ho…
View article: Differences in Plasma Exposure of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Following Oral Administration to Horses
Differences in Plasma Exposure of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Following Oral Administration to Horses Open
There has been a growing interest in the use of cannabinoids in horses in recent years. Several studies have reported on the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) in horses. However, cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) has received less attention, d…
View article: Prevalence and risk of orthopedic diagnoses in insured Swedish Warmblood horses
Prevalence and risk of orthopedic diagnoses in insured Swedish Warmblood horses Open
Sweden has a strong tradition of insuring horses for veterinary costs, and orthopedic diagnoses are the most common for insurance claims. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in prevalence and risk of orthopedic diagnoses f…
View article: Adaptation strategies of Icelandic horses with induced transient hindlimb lameness at walk, trot and tölt
Adaptation strategies of Icelandic horses with induced transient hindlimb lameness at walk, trot and tölt Open
Background Icelandic horses are valued for their additional gaits, but assessing lameness in this breed can be challenging. Pelvic (P) vertical movement asymmetries, differences (D) in minimum (min)/maximum (max) position, are used to quan…
View article: Kinematic changes in dairy cows with induced, unilateral forelimb lameness during straight line walk
Kinematic changes in dairy cows with induced, unilateral forelimb lameness during straight line walk Open
Early detection of lameness in dairy herds is essential to enable timely treatment of affected animals, thereby avoiding unnecessary costs and animal suffering. Since claw diseases most commonly affect the hind claws, specific kinematic ch…
View article: What is reinforced? The timing of the release of rein tension and the horse’s response latency for trot to walk transitions
What is reinforced? The timing of the release of rein tension and the horse’s response latency for trot to walk transitions Open
View article: Evaluation of a composite pain scale including facial expressions for detecting orthopedic pain in lame dairy cows
Evaluation of a composite pain scale including facial expressions for detecting orthopedic pain in lame dairy cows Open
Orthopedic disease, presenting as lameness, is a common cause of pain in dairy cattle, often implying a prolonged course of disease, with significant economic losses and impaired animal welfare. To mitigate these negative effects, early id…
View article: Facial expressions during compound interventions of nociception, conspecific isolation, and sedation in horses
Facial expressions during compound interventions of nociception, conspecific isolation, and sedation in horses Open
Facial expressions in prey animals such as equines can convey information regarding their internal state and are therefore often used as cues for welfare and pain evaluation. The state of pain is commonly compared to a neutral state with l…
View article: Vertical Movement of Head, Withers, and Pelvis of High-Level Dressage Horses Trotting in Hand vs. Being Ridden
Vertical Movement of Head, Withers, and Pelvis of High-Level Dressage Horses Trotting in Hand vs. Being Ridden Open
Prior to international competitions, dressage horses are evaluated for fitness to compete while trotting in hand on a firm surface. This study compares the kinematics of experienced dressage horses trotting under fitness-to-compete conditi…
View article: Hypoechoic ultrasonographic findings in the patellar ligaments are common in riding and trotting horses in training (116 cases)
Hypoechoic ultrasonographic findings in the patellar ligaments are common in riding and trotting horses in training (116 cases) Open
Patellar ligament (PL) injuries are increasingly being reported in horses, but few studies have described the normal PL ultrasonographic appearance in horses. The aims of this prospective observational study were to describe the ultrasonog…
View article: Dessie: Disentanglement for Articulated 3D Horse Shape and Pose Estimation from Images
Dessie: Disentanglement for Articulated 3D Horse Shape and Pose Estimation from Images Open
In recent years, 3D parametric animal models have been developed to aid in estimating 3D shape and pose from images and video. While progress has been made for humans, it's more challenging for animals due to limited annotated data. To add…
View article: Effect of circle, surface type and stride duration on vertical head and pelvis movement in riding horses with pre-existing movement asymmetries in trot
Effect of circle, surface type and stride duration on vertical head and pelvis movement in riding horses with pre-existing movement asymmetries in trot Open
Head and pelvis vertical movement asymmetries in horses are often evaluated under different conditions yet better understanding is required of how these asymmetries are altered by factors such as surface type or circle size. This study inv…
View article: Prevalence of movement asymmetries in high-performing riding horses perceived as free from lameness and riders’ perception of horse sidedness
Prevalence of movement asymmetries in high-performing riding horses perceived as free from lameness and riders’ perception of horse sidedness Open
A high proportion of horses in training, perceived as free from lameness by their owner, exhibit vertical movement asymmetries. These types of asymmetries are sensitive measures of lameness, but their specificity as indicators of orthopaed…
View article: Kinematic changes in dairy cows with induced hindlimb lameness: transferring methodology from the field of equine biomechanics
Kinematic changes in dairy cows with induced hindlimb lameness: transferring methodology from the field of equine biomechanics Open
Lameness is a common issue on dairy farms, with serious implications for economy and animal welfare. Affected animals may be overlooked until their condition becomes severe. Thus, improved lameness detection methods are needed. In this stu…
View article: CLHOP: Combined Audio-Video Learning for Horse 3D Pose and Shape Estimation
CLHOP: Combined Audio-Video Learning for Horse 3D Pose and Shape Estimation Open
In the monocular setting, predicting 3D pose and shape of animals typically relies solely on visual information, which is highly under-constrained. In this work, we explore using audio to enhance 3D shape and motion recovery of horses from…
View article: The Poses for Equine Research Dataset (PFERD)
The Poses for Equine Research Dataset (PFERD) Open
Studies of quadruped animal motion help us to identify diseases, understand behavior and unravel the mechanics behind gaits in animals. The horse is likely the best-studied animal in this aspect, but data capture is challenging and time-co…
View article: 3-Dimensional pose estimation to detect posture transition in freestall-housed dairy cows
3-Dimensional pose estimation to detect posture transition in freestall-housed dairy cows Open
Freestall comfort is reflected in various indicators, including the ability for dairy cattle to display unhindered posture transition movements in the cubicles. To ensure farm animal welfare, it is instrumental for the farm management to b…
View article: Changes in the equine facial repertoire during different orthopedic pain intensities
Changes in the equine facial repertoire during different orthopedic pain intensities Open
A number of facial expressions are associated with pain in horses, however, the entire display of facial activities during orthopedic pain have yet to be described. The aim of the present study was to exhaustively map changes in facial act…
View article: Issue Information
Issue Information Open
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View article: Normal variation in pelvic roll motion pattern during straight-line trot in hand in warmblood horses
Normal variation in pelvic roll motion pattern during straight-line trot in hand in warmblood horses Open
View article: Adaptation strategies of the Icelandic horse with induced forelimb lameness at walk, trot and tölt
Adaptation strategies of the Icelandic horse with induced forelimb lameness at walk, trot and tölt Open
Background and objective Lameness assessment in the gaited Icelandic horse is complex. We aimed to describe their kinematic and temporal adaptation strategies in response to forelimb lameness at walk, trot and tölt. Study design In vivo ex…
View article: Evaluating Overall Performance in High-Level Dressage Horse–Rider Combinations by Comparing Measurements from Inertial Sensors with General Impression Scores Awarded by Judges
Evaluating Overall Performance in High-Level Dressage Horse–Rider Combinations by Comparing Measurements from Inertial Sensors with General Impression Scores Awarded by Judges Open
In the sport of dressage, one or more judges score the combined performance of a horse and rider with an emphasis on the technical correctness of the movements performed. At the end of the test, a single score is awarded for the ‘general i…
View article: Perceived sidedness and correlation to vertical movement asymmetries in young warmblood horses
Perceived sidedness and correlation to vertical movement asymmetries in young warmblood horses Open
The prevalence of vertical asymmetries is high in “owner-sound” warmblood riding horses, however the origin of these asymmetries is unknown. This study investigated correlations between vertical asymmetries and motor laterality. Young warm…
View article: Withers vertical movement symmetry is useful for locating the primary lame limb in naturally occurring lameness
Withers vertical movement symmetry is useful for locating the primary lame limb in naturally occurring lameness Open
Background During orthopaedic assessment of lame horses, a head nod is commonly present in both primary forelimb and hindlimb lame horses. Additional motion metrics that could assist clinicians in correctly differentiating between these tw…
View article: Prevalence of vertical movement asymmetries at trot in Standardbred and Swedish Warmblood foals
Prevalence of vertical movement asymmetries at trot in Standardbred and Swedish Warmblood foals Open
Many horses, just before and during their athletic career, show vertical movement asymmetries, to the same degree as clinically lame horses. It is unknown whether these asymmetries are caused by pain or have alternative explanations, such …
View article: Is Markerless More or Less? Comparing a Smartphone Computer Vision Method for Equine Lameness Assessment to Multi-Camera Motion Capture
Is Markerless More or Less? Comparing a Smartphone Computer Vision Method for Equine Lameness Assessment to Multi-Camera Motion Capture Open
Computer vision is a subcategory of artificial intelligence focused on extraction of information from images and video. It provides a compelling new means for objective orthopaedic gait assessment in horses using accessible hardware, such …
View article: Changes in the equine facial repertoire during different orthopedic pain intensities
Changes in the equine facial repertoire during different orthopedic pain intensities Open
A number of facial expressions are associated with pain in horses, however, the entire display of facial activities during orthopedic pain have yet to be described. The aim of the present study was to exhaustively map changes in facial act…
View article: Patellar ligament desmopathy in the horse – a review and comparison to human patellar tendinopathy (‘Jumper’s knee’)
Patellar ligament desmopathy in the horse – a review and comparison to human patellar tendinopathy (‘Jumper’s knee’) Open
Patellar ligament desmopathy in horses is regarded as an uncommon condition with unclear aetiology. Of the three patellar ligaments in the horse, the intermediate is the one most often diagnosed with desmopathy in horses presenting with ch…
View article: Timing of Vertical Head, Withers and Pelvis Movements Relative to the Footfalls in Different Equine Gaits and Breeds
Timing of Vertical Head, Withers and Pelvis Movements Relative to the Footfalls in Different Equine Gaits and Breeds Open
Knowledge of vertical motion patterns of the axial body segments is a prerequisite for the development of algorithms used in automated detection of lameness. To date, the focus has been on the trot. This study investigates the temporal syn…
View article: Evaluation of feedback methods for improved detection of hindlimb lameness in horses among riding instructors and trainers
Evaluation of feedback methods for improved detection of hindlimb lameness in horses among riding instructors and trainers Open
Lameness, a wellknown issue in sport horses, impedes performance and impairs welfare. Early detection of lameness is essential for horses to receive needed treatment, but detection of hindlimb lameness is challenging. Riding instructors an…