Explanipedia

Optimizing clinic consultations in primary biliary cholangitis: International consensus recommendations Open

Gideon M. Hirschfield, D. I. Jones, Ana Lleó · 2025

Background: There is variability in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) care delivery in practice, which can negatively impact disease management and patients’ quality of life. Patient–provider consultations are key to ensure optimal and com…

Advancing the accuracy in age determinations of old-disk stars using an oscillating red giant in an eclipsing binary Open

J. S. Thomsen, A. Miglio, K. Brogaard, J. Montalbán, M. Tailo , et al. · 2025

Context. The study of resonant oscillation modes in low-mass red giant branch stars enables us to infer their ages with exceptional (∼10%) precision. This unlocks the possibility to reconstruct the temporal evolution of the Milky Way at ea…

Crustal lattice pressure as a source of neutron star mountains Open

D. I. Jones, T J Hutchins · 2025

The spin frequencies of neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries may be limited by the emission of gravitational waves. A candidate for producing such steady emission is a mass asymmetry, or ‘mountain’, sourced by temperature asymmetries i…

Implementation of a care bundle improves PBC management Open

Rachel Smith, Laura Burke, Nadir Abbas, Richard Aspinall, Douglas Thorburn , et al. · 2025

Observation of discontinuities in the periodic modulation of PSR B1828−11 Open

Ana M. Dias, G. Ashton, Julianna Ostrovska, D. I. Jones, M. J. Keith · 2025

PSR B1828–11 is a radio pulsar that undergoes periodic modulations (∼500 d) of its spin-down rate and beamwidth, providing a valuable opportunity to understand the rotational dynamics of neutron stars. The periodic modulations have previou…

Observation of discontinuities in the periodic modulation of PSR B1828-11 Open

Ana M. Dias, G. Ashton, Julianna Ostrovska, D. I. Jones, M. J. Keith · 2025

PSR B1828-11 is a radio pulsar that undergoes periodic modulations (~500 days) of its spin-down rate and beam width, providing a valuable opportunity to understand the rotational dynamics of neutron stars. The periodic modulations have pre…

Detection of binary companions below the diffraction limit with lucky imaging Open

Miguel A. Cágigas, R. Clavero, Manuel P. Cagigal, D. Nespral, A. A. Djupvik , et al. · 2025

Context . Binary stars are invaluable tools that can be used to precisely measure the fundamental properties of stars, to test stellar models, and further our understanding of stellar evolution. Stellar binarity may also play an important …

Detection of binary companions below the diffraction limit with lucky imaging Open

Miguel A. Cágigas, R. Clavero, Manuel P. Cagigal, D. Nespral, A. A. Djupvik , et al. · 2025

We provide a technique for resolving intermediate-separation binaries stars with medium-sized telescopes (i.e. diameter less than or equal to 2.5 m) at wavelengths around 825 nm in the super-resolution range (i.e. below the limit defined b…

Genomic selection at commercial scale: Estimating genetic merit for growth in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) across multiple ponds and generations Open

Gopala Krishna Guddanti, Cécile Massault, D. I. Jones, Greg J. Coman, Nicholas M. Wade , et al. · 2025

Calculating genomic breeding values for growth using DNA pools within commercially reared Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Open

Gopala Krishna Guddanti, Cécile Massault, D. I. Jones, Dean R. Jerry, Kyall R. Zenger · 2025

Tracking Family Contributions and Survival in Silver-Lipped Pearl Oyster Pinctada Maxima: Unlocking Cost-Effective Strategies for Selective Breeding Open

Nga Thi Thu Vu, D. I. Jones, Cécile Massault, Kyall R. Zenger, Ira Cooke , et al. · 2025

Hepatic real-world outcomes with obeticholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis (HEROES): A trial emulation study design Open

M. Alan Brookhart, Tracy J. Mayne, Charles Coombs, Alexander Breskin, Erik C. Ness , et al. · 2024

Background and Aims: Primary biliary cholangitis is a rare, progressive liver disease. Obeticholic acid (OCA) received accelerated approval for treating patients with primary biliary cholangitis in whom ursodeoxycholic acid failed, based o…

COBALT: A Confirmatory Trial of Obeticholic Acid in Primary Biliary Cholangitis With Placebo and External Controls Open

Kris V. Kowdley, Gideon M. Hirschfield, Charles Coombs, Elizabeth Smoot Malecha, Leona Bessonova , et al. · 2024

INTRODUCTION: Obeticholic acid (OCA) treatment for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) was conditionally approved in the phase 3 POISE trial. The COBALT confirmatory trial assessed whether clinical outcomes in patients with PBC improve with …

Applying the starquake model to study the formation of elastic mountains on spinning neutron stars Open

Yashaswi Gangwar, D. I. Jones · 2024

When a neutron star is spun-up or spun-down, the changing strains in its solid elastic crust can give rise to sudden fractures known as starquakes. Early interest in starquakes focused on their possible connection to pulsar glitches. While…

A freely precessing magnetar following an X-ray outburst Open

G. Desvignes, P. Weltevrede, Yong Gao, D. I. Jones, M. Krämer , et al. · 2024

Multimessenger observations and the science enabled: Continuous waves and their progenitors, equation of state of dense matter Open

D. I. Jones, K. Riles · 2024

Rotating and oscillating neutron stars can give rise to long-lived Continuous Gravitational Waves (CGWs). Despite many years of searching, the detection of such a CGW signal remains elusive. In this article we describe the main astrophysic…

Glitching pulsars as gravitational wave sources Open

B. Haskell, D. I. Jones · 2023

The dynamical tides of spinning Newtonian stars Open

Pantelis Pnigouras, Fabian Gittins, Anil Nanda, Nils Andersson, D. I. Jones · 2023

We carefully develop the framework required to model the dynamical tidal response of a spinning neutron star in an inspiralling binary system, in the context of Newtonian gravity, making sure to include all relevant details and connections…

Glitching pulsars as gravitational wave sources Open

B. Haskell, D. I. Jones · 2023

Spinning neutron stars, when observed as pulsars, are seen to undergo occasional spin-up events known as glitches. Despite several decades of study, the physical mechanisms responsible for glitches are still not well understood, but probab…

Real-World Clinical and Economic Outcomes Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis Initiating First- Versus Second- or Later-Line Treatment With Ocrelizumab Open

Caroline K. Geiger, Danny Sheinson, Tu My To, D. I. Jones, Nicole Bonine · 2023

Pitfalls in applying gravitomagnetism to galactic rotation curve modelling Open

Kostas Glampedakis, D. I. Jones · 2023

The flatness of galaxy rotation curves at large radii is generally considered to be a significant piece of evidence in support of the existence of dark matter. Several studies have claimed that post-Newtonian corrections to the Newtonian e…

Gravitational radiation from thermal mountains on accreting neutron stars: sources of temperature non-axisymmetry Open

T J Hutchins, D. I. Jones · 2023

The spin distribution of accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binary systems shows a concentration of pulsars well below the Keplerian break-up limit. It has been suggested that their spin frequencies may be limited by the emission of…

Measuring neutron star distances and properties with gravitational-wave parallax Open

M. Sieniawska, D. I. Jones, A. L. Miller · 2023

Gravitational-wave astronomy allows us to study objects and events invisible to electromagnetic waves. So far, only signals triggered by coalescing binaries have been detected. However, as the interferometers’ sensitivities improve over ti…

CompOSE: a repository for neutron star equations of state and transport properties Open

D. Antonopoulou, E. Bozzo, Chikako Ishizuka, D. I. Jones, Micaela Oertel , et al. · 2022

Measuring neutron-star distances and properties with gravitational-wave parallax Open

M. Sieniawska, D. I. Jones, A. L. Miller · 2022

Gravitational-wave astronomy allows us to study objects and events invisible to electromagnetic waves. So far, only signals triggered by coalescing binaries have been detected. However, as the interferometers' sensitivities improve over ti…

Precession of magnetars: dynamical evolutions and modulations on polarized electromagnetic waves Open

Yong Gao, Lijing Shao, G. Desvignes, D. I. Jones, M. Krämer , et al. · 2022

Magnetars are conjectured to be highly magnetized neutron stars (NSs). Strong internal magnetic field and elasticity in the crust may deform the stars and lead to free precession. We study the precession dynamics of triaxially deformed NSs…

Gravitational waves from small spin-up and spin-down events of neutron stars Open

Garvin Yim, D. I. Jones · 2022

It was recently reported that there exists a population of ‘glitch candidates’ and ‘antiglitch candidates’ which are effectively small spin-ups and spin-downs of a neutron star with magnitudes smaller than those seen in typical glitches. T…

The National Audit of Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) in the United Kingdom: Defining the Audit Dataset and Data Collection System Open

Laura Burke, Steve Flack, Rebecca Jones, Richard Aspinall, Douglas Thorburn , et al. · 2022

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a debilitating chronic liver disease that progresses to cirrhosis with attendant complications in a substantial proportion of patients. It is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in th…

Patient Priorities in Autoimmune Hepatitis: The Need for Better Treatments, More Education and Challenging Stigma Open

Charlotte Lloyd, Jessica Leighton, Lin Lee Wong, Anna Goulding, Ann Brownlee , et al. · 2022

Exploring the Definition of “Similar Toxicities”: Case Studies Illustrating Industry and Regulatory Interpretation of ICH S6(R1) for Long-Term Toxicity Studies in One or Two Species Open

Helen Prior, David O. Clarke, D. I. Jones, Eleni Salicru, Melissa M. Schutten , et al. · 2022

ICH S6 (R1) states that safety evaluation of biotherapeutics should normally include 2 relevant species when available (i.e., a rodent and non-rodent species in which the test material is pharmacologically active), at least for short-term …

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