Robert E. Keane
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View article: Principles of fire ecology
Principles of fire ecology Open
Fire ecology is a complex discipline that can only be understood by integrating biological, physical, and social sciences. The science of fire ecology explores wildland fire’s mechanisms and effects across all scales of time and space. How…
View article: Restoring a forest keystone species: A plan for the restoration of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) in the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem
Restoring a forest keystone species: A plan for the restoration of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) in the Crown of the Continent Ecosystem Open
The precipitous decline of the keystone species whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) has resulted in dramatic changes to many high elevation ecosystems in the western U.S. and Canada. To restore these ecosystems, there is a need to es…
View article: Modeled interactions of mountain pine beetle and wildland fire under future climate and management scenarios for three western US landscapes
Modeled interactions of mountain pine beetle and wildland fire under future climate and management scenarios for three western US landscapes Open
Background Mountain pine beetle (MPB) is a native disturbance agent across most pine forests in the western US. Climate changes will directly and indirectly impact frequencies and severities of MPB outbreaks, which can then alter fuel char…
View article: Tamm review: Current and recommended management practices for the restoration of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), an imperiled high-elevation Western North American forest tree
Tamm review: Current and recommended management practices for the restoration of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), an imperiled high-elevation Western North American forest tree Open
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) is an ecologically important subalpine and treeline forest tree of the western U.S. and Canada. It is categorized as endangered by the IUCN and by Canada under the Species at Risk Act and was recen…
View article: Fuels and Consumption
Fuels and Consumption Open
Wildland fuels, defined as the combustible biomass of live and dead vegetation, are foundational to fire behavior, ecological effects, and smoke modeling. Along with weather and topography, the composition, structure and condition of wildl…
View article: Geochronology and evolution of a complex barrier, Younghusband Peninsula, South Australia
Geochronology and evolution of a complex barrier, Younghusband Peninsula, South Australia Open
This study examines the southeastern end of the Younghusband Peninsula in South Australia at a location called The Granites in order to gain a better understanding of the processes of formation of the foredune ridge system, and to investig…
View article: Effective actions for managing resilient high elevation five-needle white pine forests in western North America at multiple scales under changing climates
Effective actions for managing resilient high elevation five-needle white pine forests in western North America at multiple scales under changing climates Open
Many ecologically important high elevation five-needle white pine (HEFNP) forests that historically dominated upper subalpine landscapes of western North America are now being impacted by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus spp.) outbreaks,…
View article: Smoke consequences of new wildfire regimes driven by climate change
Smoke consequences of new wildfire regimes driven by climate change Open
Smoke from wildfires has adverse biological and social consequences, and various lines of evidence suggest that smoke from wildfires in the future may be more intense and widespread, demanding that methods be developed to address its effec…
View article: Evidence for widespread changes in the structure, composition, and fire regimes of western North American forests
Evidence for widespread changes in the structure, composition, and fire regimes of western North American forests Open
Implementation of wildfire‐ and climate‐adaptation strategies in seasonally dry forests of western North America is impeded by numerous constraints and uncertainties. After more than a century of resource and land use change, some question…
View article: Adapting western North American forests to climate change and wildfires: 10 common questions
Adapting western North American forests to climate change and wildfires: 10 common questions Open
We review science‐based adaptation strategies for western North American (wNA) forests that include restoring active fire regimes and fostering resilient structure and composition of forested landscapes. As part of the review, we address c…
View article: Simulation Modeling of Complex Climate, Wildfire, and Vegetation Dynamics to Address Wicked Problems in Land Management
Simulation Modeling of Complex Climate, Wildfire, and Vegetation Dynamics to Address Wicked Problems in Land Management Open
Complex, reciprocal interactions among climate, disturbance, and vegetation dramatically alter spatial landscape patterns and influence ecosystem dynamics. As climate and disturbance regimes shift, historical analogs and past empirical stu…
View article: Catchment‐Scale Characterization of Intermittent Stream Infiltration; a Geophysics Approach
Catchment‐Scale Characterization of Intermittent Stream Infiltration; a Geophysics Approach Open
In arid basins, infiltration through streambeds is considered the primary contributor to groundwater recharge; however, estimating streambed recharge at catchment scale remains a challenge. Moreover, a spatial understanding of streambed in…
View article: Ponderosa pine mortality in the Bob Marshall Wilderness after successive fires over 14 years
Ponderosa pine mortality in the Bob Marshall Wilderness after successive fires over 14 years Open
Fire exclusion since the 1930s across western U.S. landscapes has greatly altered fire regimes and fuel conditions.After a lightning-caused fire swept through the center of the Bob Marshall Wilderness Area in 2003, researchers initiated a …
View article: Whitebark pine encroachment into lower-elevation sagebrush grasslands in southwest Montana, USA
Whitebark pine encroachment into lower-elevation sagebrush grasslands in southwest Montana, USA Open
Background Projections for the future health and abundance of whitebark pine ( Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) populations in western North America are dire. Not only has the species been declining due to the combined effects of fire exclusion p…
View article: Current and future patterns of forest fire occurrence in China
Current and future patterns of forest fire occurrence in China Open
Forest fire patterns are likely to be altered by climate change. We used boosted regression trees modelling and the MODIS Global Fire Atlas dataset (2003–15) to characterise relative influences of nine natural and human variables on fire p…
View article: An Economical Approach to Distinguish Genetically Needles of Limber from Whitebark Pine
An Economical Approach to Distinguish Genetically Needles of Limber from Whitebark Pine Open
Whitebark pine is difficult to distinguish from limber pine when seed cones are not present. This is often the case because of young stand age, growth at environmental extremes, or harvesting by vertebrate species. Developing an economical…
View article: Selecting a Landscape Model for Natural Resource Management Applications
Selecting a Landscape Model for Natural Resource Management Applications Open
Climate change and associated ecological impacts have challenged many conventional, observation-based approaches for predicting ecosystem and landscape responses to natural resource management. Complex spatial ecological models provide pow…
View article: Integrating Subjective and Objective Dimensions of Resilience in Fire-Prone Landscapes
Integrating Subjective and Objective Dimensions of Resilience in Fire-Prone Landscapes Open
Resilience has become a common goal for science-based natural resource management, particularly in the context of changing climate and disturbance regimes. Integrating varying perspectives and definitions of resilience is a complex and oft…
View article: Managing Wildfire for Whitebark Pine Ecosystem Restoration in western North America
Managing Wildfire for Whitebark Pine Ecosystem Restoration in western North America Open
Wildfire in declining whitebark pine forests can be a tool for ecosystem restoration or an ecologically harmful event. This document presents a set of possible wildfire management practices for facilitating the restoration of whitebark pin…
View article: Use of landscape simulation modeling to quantify resilience for ecological applications
Use of landscape simulation modeling to quantify resilience for ecological applications Open
Goals of fostering ecological resilience are increasingly used to guide U.S. public land management in the context of anthropogenic climate change and increasing landscape disturbances. There are, however, few operational means of assessin…
View article: From Space to Eye Lens: Monitoring protected sites with Earth Observation: Combining field data with CASI and Sentinel imagery
From Space to Eye Lens: Monitoring protected sites with Earth Observation: Combining field data with CASI and Sentinel imagery Open
This report details work undertaken, led by Manchester Metropolitan University in collaboration with Natural England. The aim of this research was to investigate the potential of Earth observation (EO) data to contribute towards the monito…
View article: Growth Response of Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm) Regeneration to Thinning and Prescribed Burn Treatments
Growth Response of Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm) Regeneration to Thinning and Prescribed Burn Treatments Open
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) forests play a prominent role throughout high-elevation ecosystems in the northern Rocky Mountains, however, they are vanishing from the high mountain landscape due to three factors: exotic white p…
View article: Chapter 6 : Forests. Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: The Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II
Chapter 6 : Forests. Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: The Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II Open
This report is an authoritative assessment of the science of climate change, with a focus on the United States. It represents the second of two volumes of the Fourth National Climate Assessment, mandated by the Global Change Research Act o…
View article: Physical and chemical characteristics of surface fuels in masticated mixed-conifer stands of the U.S. Rocky Mountains
Physical and chemical characteristics of surface fuels in masticated mixed-conifer stands of the U.S. Rocky Mountains Open
Mastication is a wildland fuel treatment technique that is rapidly becoming the preferred method for many fire hazard reduction projects, especially in areas where reducing fuels with prescribed fire is particularly challenging.Mastication…
View article: Fire-Bgc: A Mechanistic Ecological Process Model for Simulating Fire Succession on Coniferous Forest Landscapes of the Northern Rocky Mountains
Fire-Bgc: A Mechanistic Ecological Process Model for Simulating Fire Succession on Coniferous Forest Landscapes of the Northern Rocky Mountains Open
An ecological process model of vegetation dynamics mechanistically simulates long-term stand dynamics on coniferous landscapes of the Northern Rocky Mountains. This model is used to investigate and evaluate cumulative effects of various fi…
View article: Revisiting Wildland Fire Fuel Quantification Methods: The Challenge of Understanding a Dynamic, Biotic Entity
Revisiting Wildland Fire Fuel Quantification Methods: The Challenge of Understanding a Dynamic, Biotic Entity Open
Wildland fires are a function of properties of the fuels that sustain them. These fuels are themselves a function of vegetation, and share the complexity and dynamics of natural systems. Worldwide, the requirement for solutions to the thre…
View article: Table of Contents
Table of Contents Open
We examined pancreatic islet composition from a deceased patient