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View article: Experimental Observation of the Motion of Ions in a Resonantly Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerator
Experimental Observation of the Motion of Ions in a Resonantly Driven Plasma Wakefield Accelerator Open
We show experimentally that an effect of motion of ions, observed in a plasma-based accelerator, depends inversely on the plasma ion mass. The effect appears within a single wakefield event and manifests itself as a bunch tail, occurring o…
View article: Design and experimental verification of a bunch length monitor based on coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation
Design and experimental verification of a bunch length monitor based on coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation Open
This paper presents the design and experimental commissioning of a noninvasive electron bunch length monitor based on the detection of coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation (ChDR). The measurement technique effectively eliminates the in…
View article: The study of high-frequency pick-ups for electron beam position measurements in the AWAKE common beamline
The study of high-frequency pick-ups for electron beam position measurements in the AWAKE common beamline Open
The common beamline of the AWAKE experiment at CERN involves the co-propagation of two particle beams: protons with 48 nC bunch charge and 250 ps bunch length, and electrons with up to 600 pC bunch charge and approximately 4 ps bunch lengt…
View article: Measurement of the emittance of accelerated electron bunches at the AWAKE experiment
Measurement of the emittance of accelerated electron bunches at the AWAKE experiment Open
The vertical plane transverse emittance of accelerated electron bunches at the AWAKE experiment at CERN has been determined, using three different methods of data analysis. This is a proof-of-principle measurement using the existing AWAKE …
View article: Selective electron beam sensing through coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation
Selective electron beam sensing through coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation Open
We exploit the coherent emission of Cherenkov diffraction radiation (ChDR) by a relativistic electron beam to sense its position even in the presence of other particle beams. ChDR is produced in alumina inserts embedded in the vacuum chamb…
View article: Filamentation of a relativistic proton bunch in plasma
Filamentation of a relativistic proton bunch in plasma Open
We show in experiments that a long, underdense, relativistic proton bunch propagating in plasma undergoes the oblique instability, which we observe as filamentation. We determine a threshold value for the ratio between the bunch transverse…
View article: Hosing of a Long Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma
Hosing of a Long Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma Open
Experimental results show that hosing of a long particle bunch in plasma can be induced by wakefields driven by a short, misaligned preceding bunch. Hosing develops in the plane of misalignment, self-modulation in the perpendicular plane, …
View article: Development of the self-modulation instability of a relativistic proton bunch in plasma
Development of the self-modulation instability of a relativistic proton bunch in plasma Open
Self-modulation is a beam–plasma instability that is useful to drive large-amplitude wakefields with bunches much longer than the plasma skin depth. We present experimental results showing that, when increasing the ratio between the initia…
View article: A beam position monitor for electron bunch detection in the presence of a more intense proton bunch for the AWAKE Experiment
A beam position monitor for electron bunch detection in the presence of a more intense proton bunch for the AWAKE Experiment Open
The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE) at CERN uses 6 cm long proton bunches extracted from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at 400 GeV beam energy to drive high gradient plasma wakefields for the acceleration of …
View article: The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond
The AWAKE Run 2 Programme and Beyond Open
Plasma wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to reduce the size of particle accelerators. The use of high energy protons to drive wakefields in plasma has been demonstrated during Run 1 of the AWAKE programme at CERN. Protons of…
View article: Controlled Growth of the Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Proton Bunch in Plasma
Controlled Growth of the Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Proton Bunch in Plasma Open
A long, narrow, relativistic charged particle bunch propagating in plasma is subject to the self-modulation (SM) instability. We show that SM of a proton bunch can be seeded by the wakefields driven by a preceding electron bunch. SM timing…
View article: The AWAKE Run 2 programme and beyond
The AWAKE Run 2 programme and beyond Open
Plasma wakefield acceleration is a promising technology to reduce the size of particle accelerators. Use of high energy protons to drive wakefields in plasma has been demonstrated during Run 1 of the AWAKE programme at CERN. Protons of ene…
View article: Analysis of proton bunch parameters in the AWAKE experiment
Analysis of proton bunch parameters in the AWAKE experiment Open
A precise characterization of the incoming proton bunch parameters is required to accurately simulate the self-modulation process in the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE). This paper presents an analysis of the parameters of the incomi…
View article: Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients
Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients Open
We present numerical simulations and experimental results of the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in a plasma with linear density gradients along the beam path. Simulation results agree with the experimental results reported in arXiv…
View article: Transition between Instability and Seeded Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma
Transition between Instability and Seeded Self-Modulation of a Relativistic Particle Bunch in Plasma Open
We use a relativistic ionization front to provide various initial transverse wakefield amplitudes for the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in plasma. We show experimentally that, with sufficient initial amplitude [≥(4.1±0.4) MV/m], t…
View article: Analysis of proton bunch parameters in the AWAKE experiment
Analysis of proton bunch parameters in the AWAKE experiment Open
A precise characterization of the incoming proton bunch parameters is required to accurately simulate the self-modulation process in the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE). This paper presents an analysis of the parameters of the incomi…
View article: Feasibility Study of ChDR Diagnostic Device in the LHC
Feasibility Study of ChDR Diagnostic Device in the LHC Open
In recent years Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) has been reported as a phenomenon suitable for various types of particle accelerator diagnostics. As it would typically work best for highly relativistic beam, past studies and experim…
View article: Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients
Simulation and experimental study of proton bunch self-modulation in plasma with linear density gradients Open
We present numerical simulations and experimental results of the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in a plasma with linear density gradients along the beam path. Simulation results agree with the experimental results reported [F. Brau…
View article: Experimental study of extended timescale dynamics of a plasma wakefield driven by a self-modulated proton bunch
Experimental study of extended timescale dynamics of a plasma wakefield driven by a self-modulated proton bunch Open
Plasma wakefield dynamics over timescales up to 800 ps, approximately 100 plasma periods, are studied experimentally at the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE). The development of the longitudinal wakefield amplitude driven by a self-mod…
View article: Beam Position Detection of a Short Electron Bunch in Presence of a Longer and More Intense Proton Bunch for the AWAKE Experiment
Beam Position Detection of a Short Electron Bunch in Presence of a Longer and More Intense Proton Bunch for the AWAKE Experiment Open
The AWAKE experiment studies the acceleration of electrons to multi-GeV levels driven by the plasma wakefield generated by an ultra-relativistic and high intensity proton bunch. The proton beam, being considerably more intense than the co-…
View article: Proton Bunch Self-Modulation in Plasma with Density Gradient
Proton Bunch Self-Modulation in Plasma with Density Gradient Open
We study experimentally the effect of linear plasma density gradients on the self-modulation of a 400 GeV proton bunch. Results show that a positive or negative gradient increases or decreases the number of microbunches and the relative ch…
View article: Proton beam defocusing in AWAKE: comparison of simulations and measurements
Proton beam defocusing in AWAKE: comparison of simulations and measurements Open
In 2017, AWAKE demonstrated the seeded self-modulation (SSM) of a 400 GeV proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN. The angular distribution of the protons deflected due to SSM is a quantitative measure of the process, which a…
View article: Proton beam defocusing in AWAKE: comparison of simulations and measurements
Proton beam defocusing in AWAKE: comparison of simulations and measurements Open
In 2017, AWAKE demonstrated the seeded self-modulation (SSM) of a 400 GeV proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN. The angular distribution of the protons deflected due to SSM is a quantitative measure of the process, w…
View article: Noninvasive bunch length measurements exploiting Cherenkov diffraction radiation
Noninvasive bunch length measurements exploiting Cherenkov diffraction radiation Open
We present the observation and the detailed investigation of coherent Cherenkov diffraction radiation (CChDR) in terms of spectral-angular characteristics. Electromagnetic simulations have been performed to optimize the design of a prismat…
View article: Development of a beam position monitor for co-propagating electron and proton beams
Development of a beam position monitor for co-propagating electron and proton beams Open
Novel acceleration technologies promise a large improvement in particle accelerator performance, but pose a number of technical challenges due to the use of several beams and the beam parameters involved. To exploit these new technologies,…
View article: Transverse emittance measurement in the CERN Proton Synchrotron in view of beam production for the High-Luminosity LHC
Transverse emittance measurement in the CERN Proton Synchrotron in view of beam production for the High-Luminosity LHC Open
In the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade project the improvements required to achieve the parameters of the future beams for the High-Luminosity LHC are being studied and implemented. In order to deliver high brightness beams, control…
View article: Study of the Transverse Emittance Blow-Up Along the Proton Synchrotron Booster Cycle During Wire Scanner Operation
Study of the Transverse Emittance Blow-Up Along the Proton Synchrotron Booster Cycle During Wire Scanner Operation Open
Transverse emittance measurements with wire scanners have been extensively studied across the accelerator complex at CERN due to their important role in characterizing the beam and their complicated modeling. In recent years, this topic ha…
View article: Matching Studies Between CERN PSB and PS Through Multi-Turn Beam Profile Acquisitions
Matching Studies Between CERN PSB and PS Through Multi-Turn Beam Profile Acquisitions Open
In the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project, the investigation and quantification of the optics mismatch between the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) and PS is a crucial step in understanding the source of horizontal e…
View article: Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation as a tool for beam diagnostics
Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation as a tool for beam diagnostics Open
During the last three years, the emission of Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR), appearing when a relativistic charged particle moves in the vicinity of a dielectric medium, has been investigated with the aim of providing non-invasive …