Edward Young
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View article: Magma Ocean Interactions Can Explain JWST Observations of the Sub-Neptune TOI-270 d
Magma Ocean Interactions Can Explain JWST Observations of the Sub-Neptune TOI-270 d Open
Sub-Neptunes with substantial atmospheres may possess magma oceans in contact with the overlying gas, with chemical interactions between the atmosphere and magma playing an important role in shaping atmospheric composition. Early JWST obse…
View article: Global inventory of doubly substituted isotopologues of methane (Δ <sup>13</sup> CH <sub>3</sub> D and Δ <sup>12</sup> CH <sub>2</sub> D <sub>2</sub> )
Global inventory of doubly substituted isotopologues of methane (Δ <sup>13</sup> CH <sub>3</sub> D and Δ <sup>12</sup> CH <sub>2</sub> D <sub>2</sub> ) Open
Measurements of methane (CH4) molecules containing two rare isotopes (13CH3D and 12CH2D2), also termed doubly substituted or “clumped” isotopologues, have the potential to provide two additional isotopic dimensions to help investigate the …
View article: Redefining interiors and envelopes: hydrogen–silicate miscibility and its consequences for the structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes
Redefining interiors and envelopes: hydrogen–silicate miscibility and its consequences for the structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes Open
We present the first evolving interior structure model for sub-Neptunes that accounts for the miscibility between silicate magma and hydrogen. Silicate and hydrogen are miscible above ∼4000 K at pressures relevant to sub-Neptune interiors.…
View article: Differentiation, the Exception, Not the Rule: Evidence for Full Miscibility in Sub-Neptune Interiors
Differentiation, the Exception, Not the Rule: Evidence for Full Miscibility in Sub-Neptune Interiors Open
We investigate the consequences of nonideal mixing between silicate, iron metal, and hydrogen for the structures of the cores of sub-Neptunes with implications for super-Earths and perhaps other planets formed by mixtures of silicate melt,…
View article: Do White Dwarfs Sample Water-rich Planetary Material?
Do White Dwarfs Sample Water-rich Planetary Material? Open
Polluted white dwarfs offer a unique way to directly probe the compositions of exoplanetary bodies. We examine the water content of accreted material using the oxygen abundances of 51 highly polluted white dwarfs. Within this sample, we pr…
View article: Magma ocean interactions can explain JWST observations of the sub-Neptune TOI-270 d
Magma ocean interactions can explain JWST observations of the sub-Neptune TOI-270 d Open
Sub-Neptunes with substantial atmospheres may possess magma oceans in contact with the overlying gas, with chemical interactions between the atmosphere and magma playing an important role in shaping atmospheric composition. Early JWST obse…
View article: Sub-Neptunes Are Drier than They Seem: Rethinking the Origins of Water-rich Worlds
Sub-Neptunes Are Drier than They Seem: Rethinking the Origins of Water-rich Worlds Open
Recent claims of biosignature gases in sub-Neptune atmospheres have renewed interest in water-rich sub-Neptunes with surface oceans, often referred to as Hycean planets. These planets are hypothesized to form beyond the snow line, accretin…
View article: Redefining interiors and envelopes: hydrogen-silicate miscibility and its consequences for the structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes
Redefining interiors and envelopes: hydrogen-silicate miscibility and its consequences for the structure and evolution of sub-Neptunes Open
We present the first evolving interior structure model for sub-Neptunes that accounts for the miscibility between silicate magma and hydrogen. Silicate and hydrogen are miscible above $\sim 4000$K at pressures relevant to sub-Neptune inter…
View article: Do White Dwarfs Sample Water-Rich Planetary Material?
Do White Dwarfs Sample Water-Rich Planetary Material? Open
Polluted white dwarfs offer a unique way to directly probe the compositions of exoplanetary bodies. We examine the water content of accreted material using the oxygen abundances of 51 highly polluted white dwarfs. Within this sample, we pr…
View article: Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited
Atmospheric C/O Ratios of Sub-Neptunes with Magma Oceans: Homemade rather than Inherited Open
Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope has enabled detailed spectroscopic characterization of sub-Neptune atmospheres. With detections of carbon- and oxygen-bearing species such as CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 O, a central question is wheth…
View article: The Clumped Isotope Signatures of Multiple Methanogenic Metabolisms
The Clumped Isotope Signatures of Multiple Methanogenic Metabolisms Open
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, an important energy source, and an important part of the global carbon cycle. The relative abundances of doubly substituted ("clumped") methane isotopologues (13CH3D and 12CH2D2) offer important informat…
View article: Clumped isotopes of methane trace bioenergetics in the environment
Clumped isotopes of methane trace bioenergetics in the environment Open
Methane is a major greenhouse gas and a key component of global biogeochemical cycles. Microbial methane often deviates from isotope and isotopolog equilibrium in surface environments but approaches equilibrium in deep subsurface sediments…
View article: Global inventory of doubly substituted isotopologues of methane (Δ <sup>13</sup> CH <sub>3</sub> D and Δ <sup>12</sup> CH <sub>2</sub> D <sub>2</sub> )
Global inventory of doubly substituted isotopologues of methane (Δ <sup>13</sup> CH <sub>3</sub> D and Δ <sup>12</sup> CH <sub>2</sub> D <sub>2</sub> ) Open
Measurements of methane (CH4) molecules containing two rare isotopes (13CH3D and 12CH2D2), also termed doubly substituted or ‘clumped’ isotopologues, have the potential to provide two additional isotopic dimensions to help investigating me…
View article: Chemical, isotopic (O, He, U), and petrological characteristics of a slowly cooled enriched gabbroic shergottite, Northwest Africa 13134
Chemical, isotopic (O, He, U), and petrological characteristics of a slowly cooled enriched gabbroic shergottite, Northwest Africa 13134 Open
Northwest Africa 13134 is a coarse‐grained gabbro with an oxygen isotopic composition consistent with a Martian origin and is classified as an enriched shergottite based on its bulk trace element abundances and bulk La/Yb ratio of 1.53. Th…
View article: Noble Gas Isotopes and Nitrogen Isotopologues Reveal Deep Sources and Subsurface Fractionation in Yellowstone Gases
Noble Gas Isotopes and Nitrogen Isotopologues Reveal Deep Sources and Subsurface Fractionation in Yellowstone Gases Open
Nitrogen plays a critical role in maintaining Earth's hospitable surface environment over geological time. Despite our atmosphere being dominated by nitrogen, our understanding of how nitrogen was delivered to Earth and how subsequent plan…
View article: Uncovering the xenon isotope composition of continental rift magmas: Insight from analysis of geothermal gases at Homa Hills, Kenya
Uncovering the xenon isotope composition of continental rift magmas: Insight from analysis of geothermal gases at Homa Hills, Kenya Open
We investigated geothermal gases from Homa Hills, a carbonatitic complex situated along an adjacent branch of the Kenyan rift system, using neon, argon, krypton, xenon and nitrogen isotopes. Large quantities of gas were sampled in Giggenba…
View article: Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water
Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water Open
Super-Earths are highly irradiated, small planets with bulk densities approximately consistent with Earth. We construct combined interior atmosphere models of super-Earths that trace the partitioning of water throughout a planet, including…
View article: The value of returning a sample of the Martian atmosphere
The value of returning a sample of the Martian atmosphere Open
The elemental and isotopic abundances of major species in the Martian atmosphere have been determined, but analyses often lack sufficient precision, and those of minor and trace species are frequently not well known. Many important questio…
View article: Carbon, nitrogen, and noble gas isotopes reveal deep volatile signatures in thermal springs in the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes
Carbon, nitrogen, and noble gas isotopes reveal deep volatile signatures in thermal springs in the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes Open
In subduction zones, thermal springs release deeply-sourced volatiles from Earth's mantle, crust, and/or subducted slab-derived material. The origin and apparent ages of these volatiles are important for understanding the deep volatile cyc…
View article: The clumped isotope signatures of multiple methanogenesis metabolisms
The clumped isotope signatures of multiple methanogenesis metabolisms Open
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, an important energy source, and a potential biosignature on extraterrestrial planetary bodies. The relative abundances of doubly substituted (“clumped”) methane isotopologues ( 13 CH 3 D and 12 CH 2 D 2 …
View article: Phase Equilibria of Sub-Neptunes and Super-Earths
Phase Equilibria of Sub-Neptunes and Super-Earths Open
We investigate the consequences of nonideal chemical interaction between silicate and overlying hydrogen-rich envelopes for rocky planets using basic tenets of phase equilibria. Based on our current understanding of the temperature and pre…
View article: Zirconium isotope composition indicates <i>s</i>‐process depletion in samples returned from asteroid Ryugu
Zirconium isotope composition indicates <i>s</i>‐process depletion in samples returned from asteroid Ryugu Open
Nucleosynthetic isotope variations are powerful tracers to determine genetic relationships between meteorites and planetary bodies. They can help to link material collected by space missions to known meteorite groups. The Hayabusa 2 missio…
View article: Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water: Mass-Radius Relations
Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water: Mass-Radius Relations Open
Mass-radius relations for rocky super-Earths, related to the models constructed in "Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water" by James G. Rogers, Caroline Dorn, Vivasvaan Aditya Raj, Hilke E. Schlichting, and Edward D. Young. We provide t…
View article: The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites
The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites Open
The isotopic compositions of samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites are distinct from other carbonaceous chondrites, which has led to the suggestion that Ryugu/CI chondrites formed in a different region…
View article: Development of the 220/270 GHz Receiver of BICEP Array
Development of the 220/270 GHz Receiver of BICEP Array Open
Measurements of B-mode polarization in the CMB sourced from primordial gravitational waves would provide information on the energy scale of inflation and its potential form. To achieve these goals, one must carefully characterize the Galac…
View article: Phase equilibria of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths
Phase equilibria of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths Open
We investigate the consequences of non-ideal chemical interaction between silicate and overlying hydrogen-rich envelopes for rocky planets using basic tenets of phase equilibria. Based on our current understanding of the temperature and pr…
View article: The evolution of multiply substituted isotopologues of methane during microbial aerobic oxidation
The evolution of multiply substituted isotopologues of methane during microbial aerobic oxidation Open
Aerobic methane oxidation (AeOM) is an important biological sink of methane on Earth. Stable isotopes are critical tools in tracking the sources and sinks of Earth's surface methane budget. However, the major factors that influence the two…
View article: Clumped Isotope Signatures of Abiotic Methane: The Role of the Combinatorial Isotope Effect
Clumped Isotope Signatures of Abiotic Methane: The Role of the Combinatorial Isotope Effect Open
Methane clumped isotope signatures of abiogenesis may be diagnostic of the origin of methane on Earth and other planetary bodies. We performed synthesis of abiogenic methane in hydrothermal conditions between 130 and 300°C and determined δ…