Ellen Knappe
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View article: User survey 2024: results, discussion, measures
User survey 2024: results, discussion, measures Open
To understand our users' needs better, Lib4RI conducted a survey among the employees of Eawag, Empa, PSI and WSL in spring 2024. The survey was open for two months. During this time, 426 valid questionnaires with at least one question answ…
View article: Geodetic Insights into Water Resources and Drought Dynamics in the Western United States
Geodetic Insights into Water Resources and Drought Dynamics in the Western United States Open
Developing a comprehensive understanding of global water resources – and their responses to extreme events and variations in climate – requires integrating diverse modeling and observational approaches across disciplines, with …
View article: GNSS Geodesy Quantifies Water‐Storage Gains and Drought Improvements in California Spurred by Atmospheric Rivers
GNSS Geodesy Quantifies Water‐Storage Gains and Drought Improvements in California Spurred by Atmospheric Rivers Open
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) deliver significant and essential precipitation to the western United States (US) with consequential interannual variability. The intensity and frequency of ARs strongly influence reservoir levels, mountain snowpac…
View article: The Big Soak:  Change in Water in 2023 in North America's Pacific Mountain System 
The Big Soak:  Change in Water in 2023 in North America's Pacific Mountain System  Open
We are strengthening the application of GPS's capability to estimate change in total water using measurements of elastic displacements of Earth's surface; breaking down total water into its components such as snow, soil moisture, and groun…
View article: Elastic deformation as a tool to investigate watershed storage connectivity
Elastic deformation as a tool to investigate watershed storage connectivity Open
Storage-discharge relationships and dynamic changes in storage connectivity remain key unknowns in understanding and predicting watershed behavior. In this study, we use Global Positioning System measurements of load-induced Earth surface …
View article: High‐Density Integrated GNSS and Hydrologic Monitoring Network for Short‐Scale Hydrogeodesy in High Mountain Watersheds
High‐Density Integrated GNSS and Hydrologic Monitoring Network for Short‐Scale Hydrogeodesy in High Mountain Watersheds Open
We installed a purpose‐built network of co‐located Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations and meteorological instrumentation to investigate water storage in a high‐mountain watershed along the Idaho‐Montana border. Twelve GNSS …
View article: Active Deformation Constraints on the Nubia‐Somalia Plate Boundary Through Heterogenous Lithosphere of the Turkana Depression
Active Deformation Constraints on the Nubia‐Somalia Plate Boundary Through Heterogenous Lithosphere of the Turkana Depression Open
The role of lithospheric heterogeneities, presence or absence of melt, local and regional stresses, and gravitational potential energy in strain localization in continental rifts remains debated. We use new seismic and geodetic data to ide…
View article: Empirical GNSS-derived terrestrial water storage-streamflow relationship in the Sierra Nevada ranges, California
Empirical GNSS-derived terrestrial water storage-streamflow relationship in the Sierra Nevada ranges, California Open
One of the most dynamic components of Earth surface mass variability is the constant global redistribution of terrestrial water storage (TWS) across temporal scales of hours to decades. Mass loading and unloading from TWS changes induce in…
View article: Subsurface Water Flux in California's Central Valley and Its Source Watershed From Space Geodesy
Subsurface Water Flux in California's Central Valley and Its Source Watershed From Space Geodesy Open
We integrate Global Positioning System displacements, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment gravity data, reservoir water volumes, and snowpack to estimate change in subsurface water in California. We find 29% of precipitation infiltrate…
View article: Intensifying hydrologic drought in California
Intensifying hydrologic drought in California Open
<p>Drought has struck the southwest U.S. for the fourth time this millennium, reducing freshwater available to agriculture and urban centers.&#160; We are bringing new insight by quantifying change in water in the ground using GP…
View article: Tracking the storage and dissipation of atmospheric river storm water in the Russian River watershed using GPS elastic displacements
Tracking the storage and dissipation of atmospheric river storm water in the Russian River watershed using GPS elastic displacements Open
<p>GPS is emerging as an effective technique to estimate changes in total water storage at Earth's surface.&#160; In California's mountains, GPS indicates that more subsurface storage is lost during drought and gained during year…
View article: Constraining strain and magmatism patterns between the Ethiopian and East African plateaux from new seismic and geodetic data
Constraining strain and magmatism patterns between the Ethiopian and East African plateaux from new seismic and geodetic data Open
<p>Lateral heterogeneities in crust and mantle structure influence the distribution of strain and magmatism in continental rift zones.&#160; Sutures between Archaean cratons and younger orogenic belts represent some of Earth&…
View article: Rheology of Natural Sediments and Its Influence on the Settling of Dropstones in Hemipelagic Marine Sediment
Rheology of Natural Sediments and Its Influence on the Settling of Dropstones in Hemipelagic Marine Sediment Open
We investigate the rheology of naturally occurring hemipelagic marine sediment and compare measurements to another naturally occurring sediment from a terrestrial mud volcano and literature values. The hemipelagic marine sediment, collecte…
View article: Accommodation of East African Rifting Across the Turkana Depression
Accommodation of East African Rifting Across the Turkana Depression Open
Geodetic observations in the Turkana Depression of southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya constrain the kinematic relay of extension from a single rift in Ethiopia to parallel rifts in Kenya and Uganda. Global Position System stations in the…
View article: Downscaling Vertical GPS Observations to Derive Watershed‐Scale Hydrologic Loading in the Northern Rockies
Downscaling Vertical GPS Observations to Derive Watershed‐Scale Hydrologic Loading in the Northern Rockies Open
GPS time series of vertical displacement include the elastic response of the Earth to a combination of regional and local loading signals arising from hydrologic mass transfer. The regional loading, controlled by seasonal, synoptic precipi…