Emilio Jirillo
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View article: Does a link exist between oral microbiota and oral squamous cell carcinoma? A review of current insights
Does a link exist between oral microbiota and oral squamous cell carcinoma? A review of current insights Open
Current literature show a clear role of the oral microbiota in determining and control the evolution of OSCC. Specific interventions on the oral microbiota will help the prevention and management of OSCC in the next future.
View article: Exosomes from Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells, a Preliminary Study for In Vitro and In Vivo Application
Exosomes from Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells, a Preliminary Study for In Vitro and In Vivo Application Open
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly their secreted exosomes, small microvesicles, represent a major focus in regenerative medicine due to their therapeutic potential. Exosomes exhibit growth factors and cytokines and are loaded wit…
View article: Nutrition Facts in the Over-Eighty Population: A Narrative Review
Nutrition Facts in the Over-Eighty Population: A Narrative Review Open
Background: For the first time, humanity is facing the worldwide challenge of global population aging over 80 years. As individuals age, energy acquisition and metabolism undergo significant changes, leading to a progressive decline in ene…
View article: Cellular and Molecular Bases for the Application of Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Cellular and Molecular Bases for the Application of Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease Open
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is very widespread in countries with a Western-style diet, representing one of the major causes of morbidity. Genetic factors, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and ageing are risk factors f…
View article: Cellular and Molecular Bases for the Application of Polyphenols to the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Cellular and Molecular Bases for the Application of Polyphenols to the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease Open
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is very spread in countries with a Western style diet, representing one of the major causes of morbidity. Genetic factors, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and ageing are risk factors for C…
View article: Pathophysiology of Doxorubicin-Mediated Cardiotoxicity
Pathophysiology of Doxorubicin-Mediated Cardiotoxicity Open
Doxorubicin (DOX) is used for the treatment of various malignancies, including leukemias, lymphomas, sarcomas, and bladder, breast, and gynecological cancers in adults, adolescents, and children. However, DOX causes severe side effects in …
View article: The Role of the Immune Response to Helicobacter pylori Antigens and Its Relevance in Gastric Disorders
The Role of the Immune Response to Helicobacter pylori Antigens and Its Relevance in Gastric Disorders Open
Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) is a Gram-negative bacterium endowed with gastric tropism. H.p. infection is widely spread throughout the world, accounting for various pathologies, such as peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, mucosa-associated lymphoi…
View article: Blood Microbiota and Its Products: Mechanisms of Interference with Host Cells and Clinical Outcomes
Blood Microbiota and Its Products: Mechanisms of Interference with Host Cells and Clinical Outcomes Open
In healthy conditions, blood was considered a sterile environment until the development of new analytical approaches that allowed for the detection of circulating bacterial ribosomal DNA. Currently, debate exists on the origin of the blood…
View article: Exploitation of Natural By-Products for the Promotion of Healthy Outcomes in Humans: Special Focus on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota
Exploitation of Natural By-Products for the Promotion of Healthy Outcomes in Humans: Special Focus on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Open
Daily, a lot of food is wasted, and vegetables, fruit, and cereals as well as marine products represent the major sources of unwanted by-products. The sustainability, waste recovery, and revalorization of food by-products have been propose…
View article: Current View on Major Natural Compounds Endowed with Antibacterial and Antiviral Effects
Current View on Major Natural Compounds Endowed with Antibacterial and Antiviral Effects Open
Nowadays, infectious diseases of bacterial and viral origins represent a serious medical problem worldwide. In fact, the development of antibiotic resistance is responsible for the emergence of bacterial strains that are refractory even to…
View article: Current Knowledge about Gastric Microbiota with Special Emphasis on Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Conditions
Current Knowledge about Gastric Microbiota with Special Emphasis on Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Conditions Open
The gastric milieu, because of its very low acidic pH, is very harsh for bacterial growth. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) has opened a new avenue for studies on the gastric microbiota, thus indicating that the stomach is not a…
View article: Associations between “Cancer Risk”, “Inflammation” and “Metabolic Syndrome”: A Scoping Review
Associations between “Cancer Risk”, “Inflammation” and “Metabolic Syndrome”: A Scoping Review Open
Background: Individuals with metabolic syndrome exhibit simultaneously pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory conditions which more probably can lead to cardiovascular diseases progression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and some types of cancer. …
View article: Gut Microbiota and Immune System in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Related Sepsis
Gut Microbiota and Immune System in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Related Sepsis Open
A severe condition of sepsis can be a complication of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which can occur in premature infants and becomes a medical challenge in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It is a multifactorial intestinal disea…
View article: Current View on How Human Gut Microbiota Mediate Metabolic and Pharmacological Activity of <i>Panax ginseng</i> . A Scoping Review
Current View on How Human Gut Microbiota Mediate Metabolic and Pharmacological Activity of <i>Panax ginseng</i> . A Scoping Review Open
: Panax ginseng is one of the most important remedies in ancient Eastern medicine. In the modern Western world, its reputation started to grow towards the end of the XIX century, but the rather approximate understanding of action mechanism…
View article: Is Tirzepatide the New Game Changer in Type 2 Diabetes?
Is Tirzepatide the New Game Changer in Type 2 Diabetes? Open
Background: Tirzepatide (TZP) is a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide (GIP) receptor co-agonist approved for T2D. TZP provides promising evidence in improving glucose control and we…
View article: A Bird’s-Eye View of the Pathophysiologic Role of the Human Urobiota in Health and Disease: Can We Modulate It?
A Bird’s-Eye View of the Pathophysiologic Role of the Human Urobiota in Health and Disease: Can We Modulate It? Open
For a long time, urine has been considered sterile in physiological conditions, thanks to the particular structure of the urinary tract and the production of uromodulin or Tamm–Horsfall protein (THP) by it. More recently, thanks to the dev…
View article: Predicting Factors of Worse Prognosis in COVID-19: Results from aCross-sectional Study on 52 Inpatients Admitted to the Internal MedicineDepartment
Predicting Factors of Worse Prognosis in COVID-19: Results from aCross-sectional Study on 52 Inpatients Admitted to the Internal MedicineDepartment Open
Background: The initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic posed a real need for clinicians to identify patients at risk of poor prognosis as soon as possible after hospital admission. Aims: The study aimed to assess the role of baseline anam…
View article: Current Views about the Inflammatory Damage Triggered by Bacterial Superantigens and Experimental Attempts to Neutralize Superantigen-Mediated Toxic Effects with Natural and Biological Products
Current Views about the Inflammatory Damage Triggered by Bacterial Superantigens and Experimental Attempts to Neutralize Superantigen-Mediated Toxic Effects with Natural and Biological Products Open
Superantigens, i.e., staphylococcal enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, interact with T cells in a different manner in comparison to conventional antigens. In fact, they activate a larger contingent of T lymphocytes, binding out…
View article: The pathogenic role of the immune system in erectile dysfunction and Peyronie’s disease: focusing on immunopathophysiology and potential therapeutic strategies
The pathogenic role of the immune system in erectile dysfunction and Peyronie’s disease: focusing on immunopathophysiology and potential therapeutic strategies Open
Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) represents the major cause of male sexual dysfunction, which is often associated with obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and cigarette smoking. Peyronie’s disease is a…
View article: Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age
Sarcopenia and Diabetes: A Detrimental Liaison of Advancing Age Open
Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical complaint characterized by the progressive deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and strength over time. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with faster and more relevant skeletal muscle impairment. Bo…
View article: Long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists boost erectile function in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus complaining of erectile dysfunction: A retrospective cohort study
Long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists boost erectile function in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus complaining of erectile dysfunction: A retrospective cohort study Open
Introduction The pharmacological management of erectile dysfunction (ED) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is challenging as ED has a multifactorial etiology. The therapeutic potential of certain antihyperglycemic medications, such as glucagon‐like…
View article: Crosstalk between the Resident Microbiota and the Immune Cells Regulates Female Genital Tract Health
Crosstalk between the Resident Microbiota and the Immune Cells Regulates Female Genital Tract Health Open
The female genital tract (FGT) performs several functions related to reproduction, but due to its direct exposure to the external environment, it may suffer microbial infections. Both the upper (uterus and cervix) and lower (vagina) FGT ar…
View article: The role of male hypogonadism, aging, and chronic diseases in characterizing adult and elderly men with erectile dysfunction: a cross-sectional study
The role of male hypogonadism, aging, and chronic diseases in characterizing adult and elderly men with erectile dysfunction: a cross-sectional study Open
View article: Endocrine, Metabolic, and Immune Pathogenesis of PostmenopausalOsteoporosis. Is there a Therapeutic Role in Natural Products?
Endocrine, Metabolic, and Immune Pathogenesis of PostmenopausalOsteoporosis. Is there a Therapeutic Role in Natural Products? Open
Background: Bone health relies on the equilibrium between resorption and new bone generation. Postmenopausal osteoporosis depends on estrogen deficiency which favorite bone re-sorption and elevated risk of fractures. Moreover, osteoporosis…
View article: Microbial and Host Metabolites at the Backstage of Fever: Current Knowledge about the Co-Ordinate Action of Receptors and Molecules Underlying Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications
Microbial and Host Metabolites at the Backstage of Fever: Current Knowledge about the Co-Ordinate Action of Receptors and Molecules Underlying Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications Open
Fever represents an elevation of body temperature, that exerts a protective effect against pathogens. Innate immune cells and neurons are implicated in the regulation of body temperature. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns, i.e., lipop…
View article: The Era of Natural Antibiotics Toward 2050 (Part II)
The Era of Natural Antibiotics Toward 2050 (Part II) Open
View article: Antibiotic Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Potential Use of Natural and Biological Products as Alternative Anti-Mycobacterial Agents
Antibiotic Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Potential Use of Natural and Biological Products as Alternative Anti-Mycobacterial Agents Open
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). TB treatment is based on the administration of three major antibiotics: isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. However, multi…
View article: The Era of Natural Antibiotics Toward 2050: First Part
The Era of Natural Antibiotics Toward 2050: First Part Open
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View article: Basal insulin intensification with GLP-1RA and dual GIP and GLP-1RA in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A rapid review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis
Basal insulin intensification with GLP-1RA and dual GIP and GLP-1RA in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: A rapid review of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis Open
Tirzepatide, a dual agonist of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptors, improved glucose control and reduced body weight in different therapeutic approaches. Herein, we overviewed th…
View article: Testicular Immunity and Its Connection with the Microbiota. Physiological and Clinical Implications in the Light of Personalized Medicine
Testicular Immunity and Its Connection with the Microbiota. Physiological and Clinical Implications in the Light of Personalized Medicine Open
Reproduction is a complex process, which is based on the cooperation between the endocrine–immune system and the microbiota. Testicular immunity is characterized by the so-called immune privilege, a mechanism that avoids autoimmune attacks…