Emily Lichko
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View article: The CHIMERAS project: design framework for the Collisionless HIgh-beta Magnetized Experiment Researching Astrophysical Systems
The CHIMERAS project: design framework for the Collisionless HIgh-beta Magnetized Experiment Researching Astrophysical Systems Open
From the near-Earth solar wind to the intracluster medium of galaxy clusters, collisionless, high-beta, magnetized plasmas pervade our universe. Energy and momentum transport from large-scale fields and flows to small-scale motions of plas…
View article: The CHIMERAS Project: Design Framework for the Collisionless HIgh-beta Magnetized Experiment Researching Astrophysical Systems
The CHIMERAS Project: Design Framework for the Collisionless HIgh-beta Magnetized Experiment Researching Astrophysical Systems Open
From the near-Earth solar wind to the intracluster medium of galaxy clusters, collisionless, high-beta, magnetized plasmas pervade our universe. Energy and momentum transport from large-scale fields and flows to small scale motions of plas…
View article: Understanding Streaming Instabilities in the Limit of High Cosmic-Ray Current Density
Understanding Streaming Instabilities in the Limit of High Cosmic-Ray Current Density Open
A critical component of particle acceleration in astrophysical shocks is the nonresonant (Bell) instability, where the streaming of cosmic rays (CRs) leads to the amplification of magnetic fields necessary to scatter particles. In this wor…
View article: The kinetic analog of the pressure–strain interaction
The kinetic analog of the pressure–strain interaction Open
Energy transport in weakly collisional plasma systems is often studied with fluid models and diagnostics. However, the applicability of fluid models is limited when collisions are weak or absent, and using a fluid approach can obscure kine…
View article: Understanding Streaming Instabilities in the Limit of High Cosmic Ray Current Density
Understanding Streaming Instabilities in the Limit of High Cosmic Ray Current Density Open
A critical component of particle acceleration in astrophysical shocks is the non-resonant (Bell) instability, where the streaming of cosmic rays (CRs) leads to the amplification of magnetic fields necessary to scatter particles. In this wo…
View article: Electron Influence on the Parallel Proton Firehose Instability in 10-moment, Multifluid Simulations
Electron Influence on the Parallel Proton Firehose Instability in 10-moment, Multifluid Simulations Open
Instabilities driven by pressure anisotropy play a critical role in modulating the energy transfer in space and astrophysical plasmas. For the first time, we simulate the evolution and saturation of the parallel proton firehose instability…
View article: The Kinetic Analogue of the Pressure-Strain Interaction
The Kinetic Analogue of the Pressure-Strain Interaction Open
Energy transport in weakly collisional plasma systems is often studied with fluid models and diagnostics. However, the applicability of fluid models is necessarily limited when collisions are weak or absent, and using a fluid approach can …
View article: Electron Influence on the Parallel Proton Firehose Instability in 10-Moment, Multi-Fluid Simulations
Electron Influence on the Parallel Proton Firehose Instability in 10-Moment, Multi-Fluid Simulations Open
Instabilities driven by pressure anisotropy play a critical role in modulating the energy transfer in space and astrophysical plasmas. For the first time, we simulate the evolution and saturation of the parallel proton firehose instability…
View article: Astronomy as a Field: A Guide for Aspiring Astrophysicists
Astronomy as a Field: A Guide for Aspiring Astrophysicists Open
This book was created as part of the SIRIUS B VERGE program to orient students to astrophysics as a broad field. The 2023-2024 VERGE program and the printing of this book is funded by the Women and Girls in Astronomy Program via the Intern…
View article: The Effects of Nonequilibrium Velocity Distributions on Alfvén Ion-cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind
The Effects of Nonequilibrium Velocity Distributions on Alfvén Ion-cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind Open
In this work, we investigate how the complex structure found in solar wind proton velocity distribution functions (VDFs), rather than the commonly assumed two-component bi-Maxwellian structure, affects the onset and evolution of parallel-p…
View article: The Effects of Non-Equilibrium Velocity Distributions on Alfvén Ion-Cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind
The Effects of Non-Equilibrium Velocity Distributions on Alfvén Ion-Cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind Open
In this work, we investigate how the complex structure found in solar wind proton velocity distribution functions (VDFs), rather than the commonly assumed two-component bi-Maxwellian structure, affects the onset and evolution of parallel-p…
View article: Enabling Discoveries in Heliospheric Science through Laboratory Plasma Experiments
Enabling Discoveries in Heliospheric Science through Laboratory Plasma Experiments Open
Resolving 3D physics occurring on multiple spatial and temporal scales is difficult with spacecraft and computer simulations alone, but can sometimes be studied much more easily with laboratory plasma experiments. This white paper proposes…
View article: Gender Diversity in Heliophysics
Gender Diversity in Heliophysics Open
Gender diversity in the field of heliophysics is severely lacking, to the detriment of all members of the field.This status is due in part to insufficient institutional support and inclusion practices for transgender and nonbinary people a…
View article: Next Generation Machine to Study Heliophysics in the Laboratory
Next Generation Machine to Study Heliophysics in the Laboratory Open
Whitepaper #099 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research; infrastructure/workforce/other programmatic. Additional topics: ground-based missions/projects; laboratory space plasm…
View article: Anterograde Collisional Analysis of Solar Wind Ions
Anterograde Collisional Analysis of Solar Wind Ions Open
Owing to its low density and high temperature, the solar wind frequently exhibits strong departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium, which include distinct temperatures for its constituent ions. Prior studies have found that the ratio…
View article: Strong Perpendicular Velocity-space Diffusion in Proton Beams Observed by Parker Solar Probe
Strong Perpendicular Velocity-space Diffusion in Proton Beams Observed by Parker Solar Probe Open
The SWEAP instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) has detected numerous proton beams associated with coherent, circularly polarized, ion-scale waves observed by PSP’s FIELDS instrument suite. Measurements during PSP Encounters 4−8 rev…
View article: The fast transit-time limit of magnetic pumping with trapped electrons
The fast transit-time limit of magnetic pumping with trapped electrons Open
Recently, the energization of superthermal electrons at the Earth's bow shock was found to be consistent with a new magnetic pumping model derived in the limit where the electron transit time is much shorter than any time scale governing t…
View article: Strong perpendicular velocity-space in proton beams observed by Parker Solar Probe
Strong perpendicular velocity-space in proton beams observed by Parker Solar Probe Open
The SWEAP instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) has detected numerous proton beams associated with coherent, circularly polarized, ion-scale waves observed by PSP's FIELDS instrument suite. Measurements during PSP Encounters 4-8 rev…
View article: Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks Measured by the Parker Solar Probe
Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks Measured by the Parker Solar Probe Open
The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called “switchbacks” (SBs), whose origins and cha…
View article: Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks measured by Parker Solar Probe
Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks measured by Parker Solar Probe Open
<p>Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called 'switchbacks' (SBs), whose origins an…
View article: Parker Solar Probe E1,2 Switchback Database
Parker Solar Probe E1,2 Switchback Database Open
Switchback (SB), spike, or jet is defined as a structure in which the solar wind plasma flow changes direction with respect to the background solar wind. It is observed by the spacecraft as a magnetic field rotation, persisting for a brief…
View article: Parker Solar Probe E1,2 Switchback Database
Parker Solar Probe E1,2 Switchback Database Open
Switchback (SB), spike, or jet is defined as a structure in which the solar wind plasma flow changes direction with respect to the background solar wind. It is observed by the spacecraft as a magnetic field rotation, persisting for a brief…
View article: Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks measured by Parker Solar Probe
Multiscale Solar Wind Turbulence Properties inside and near Switchbacks measured by Parker Solar Probe Open
Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called 'switchbacks' (SBs), whose origins and charact…
View article: Magnetic pumping model for energizing superthermal particles applied to observations of the Earth's bow shock
Magnetic pumping model for energizing superthermal particles applied to observations of the Earth's bow shock Open
Energetic particle generation is an important component of a variety of astrophysical systems, from seed particle generation in shocks to the heating of the solar wind. It has been shown that magnetic pumping is an efficient mechanism for …
View article: Magnetic Pumping as a Source of Particle Heating and Power-law Distributions in the Solar Wind
Magnetic Pumping as a Source of Particle Heating and Power-law Distributions in the Solar Wind Open
Based on the rate of expansion of the solar wind, the plasma should cool rapidly as a function of distance to the Sun. Observations show this is not the case. In this work, a magnetic pumping model is developed as a possible explanation fo…
View article: Impact of compressibility and a guide field on Fermi acceleration during magnetic island coalescence
Impact of compressibility and a guide field on Fermi acceleration during magnetic island coalescence Open
Previous work has shown that Fermi acceleration can be an effective heating mechanism during magnetic island coalescence, where electrons may undergo repeated reflections as the magnetic field lines contract. This energization has the pote…